Digest Of Education Statistics, 2015
NCES 2016-014U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONDigest ofEducation Statistics201551st Edition
Digest of Education Statistics 201551st EditionDecember 2016Thomas D. SnyderCristobal de BreyNational Center for Education StatisticsSally A. DillowAmerican Institutes for ResearchNCES 2016-014U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
U.S. Department of EducationJohn B. King, Jr.SecretaryInstitute of Education SciencesRuth NeildDeputy Director for Policy and ResearchDelegated Duties of the DirectorNational Center for Education StatisticsPeggy G. CarrActing CommissionerThe National Center for Education Statistics (NCES) is the primary federal entity for collecting, analyzing, andreporting data related to education in the United States and other nations. It fulfills a congressional mandateto collect, collate, analyze, and report full and complete statistics on the condition of education in theUnited States; conduct and publish reports and specialized analyses of the meaning and significance ofsuch statistics; assist state and local education agencies in improving their statistical systems; and review andreport on education activities in foreign countries.NCES activities are designed to address high-priority education data needs; provide consistent, reliable,complete, and accurate indicators of education status and trends; and report timely, useful, and highquality data to the U.S. Department of Education, the Congress, the states, other education policymakers,practitioners, data users, and the general public. Unless specifically noted, all information contained hereinis in the public domain.We strive to make our products available in a variety of formats and in language that is appropriate to avariety of audiences. You, as our customer, are the best judge of our success in communicating informationeffectively. If you have any comments or suggestions about this or any other NCES product or report, wewould like to hear from you. Please direct your comments toNCES, IES, U.S. Department of EducationPotomac Center Plaza (PCP)550 12th Street SWWashington, DC 20202December 2016The NCES Home Page address is http://nces.ed.gov.The NCES Publications and Products address is http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch.This report was prepared for the National Center for Education Statistics under Contract No. ED-IES-12-D-0002with American Institutes for Research. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations doesnot imply endorsement by the U.S. Government.Suggested CitationSnyder, T.D., de Brey, C., and Dillow, S.A. (2016). Digest of Education Statistics 2015 (NCES 2016-014).National Center for Education Statistics, Institute of Education Sciences, U.S. Department of Education.Washington, DC.Content ContactThomas D. Snyder(202) 245-7165tom.snyder@ed.gov
FOREWORDThe 2015 edition of the Digest of Education Statistics is the51st in a series of publications initiated in 1962. The Digesthas been issued annually except for combined editions for theyears 1977–78, 1983–84, and 1985–86. Its primary purpose isto provide a compilation of statistical information coveringthe broad field of American education from prekindergartenthrough graduate school. The Digest includes a selection ofdata from many sources, both government and private, anddraws especially on the results of surveys and activities carried out by the National Center for Education Statistics(NCES). To qualify for inclusion in the Digest, material mustbe nationwide in scope and of current interest and value. Thepublication contains information on a variety of subjects in thefield of education statistics, including the number of schoolsand colleges, teachers, enrollments, and graduates, in additionto data on educational attainment, finances, federal funds foreducation, libraries, and international comparisons. Supplemental information on population trends, attitudes on education, education characteristics of the labor force, governmentfinances, and economic trends provides background for evaluating education data. Although the Digest contains importantinformation on federal education funding, more detailedinformation on federal activities is available from federal education program offices.The Digest contains seven chapters: All Levels of Education, Elementary and Secondary Education, PostsecondaryEducation, Federal Funds for Education and Related Activities, Outcomes of Education, International Comparisons ofEducation, and Libraries and Internet Use. Each chapter isdivided into a number of topical subsections. Preceding theseven chapters is an Introduction that provides a brief overview of current trends in American education, which supplements the tabular materials in chapters 1 through 7. TheDigest concludes with three appendixes. The first appendix,Guide to Sources, provides a brief synopsis of the surveysused to generate the Digest tables; the second, Definitions, isincluded to help readers understand terms used in the Digest;and the third, Index of Table Numbers, allows readers toquickly locate tables on specific topics.In addition to providing updated versions of many statistics that have appeared in previous years, this edition incorporates new material on the following topics: Enrollment and percentage distribution of enrollment inpublic schools, by family poverty rate of 5- to 17-yearolds living in the school district, student race/ethnicity,region, and school locale (table 203.75) English language learner (ELL) students enrolled in public elementary and secondary schools, by grade and homelanguage (table 204.27) Number and percentage distribution of public elementaryand secondary school teachers who met licensing/certification requirements and of public school teachers whohad less than 2 years of teaching experience, by state(table 209.25) Number and percentage of elementary and secondaryschool students retained in grade, by sex, race/ethnicity,and grade level (table 225.90) Percentage of public school students in grades 6 through12 who had ever been suspended or expelled, by sex andrace/ethnicity (table 233.20) Number and percentage of fall 2009 ninth-graders whowere ever suspended or expelled through spring 2012, bywhen student was suspended or expelled and selected student characteristics (table 233.25) Number of students receiving selected disciplinaryactions in public elementary and secondary schools, bytype of disciplinary action, disability status, sex, and race/ethnicity (table 233.27) Percentage of students receiving selected disciplinaryactions in public elementary and secondary schools, bytype of disciplinary action, disability status, sex, and race/ethnicity (table 233.28) Number of discipline incidents resulting in removal of astudent from a regular education program for at least anentire school day and rate of incidents per 100,000 students, by discipline reason and state (table 233.45) Percentage of public schools with a written plan for procedures to be performed in selected crises and percentagethat have drilled students on the use of a plan, by selectedschool characteristics (table 233.65) Number of juvenile offenders in residential placementfacilities, by selected juvenile and facility characteristics(table 233.90) Residential placement rate (number of juvenile offendersin residential facilities) per 100,000 juveniles, by sex andrace/ethnicity (table 233.92) Percentage distribution of fall 2009 ninth-graders whohad completed high school and selected measures of theirhigh school achievement, by postsecondary enrollmentstatus in fall 2013 and selected student characteristics(table 302.43)DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2015iii
ivFOREWORD Number, percentage distribution, and median annualearnings of 25- to 34-year-olds with a bachelor's or higherdegree, by sex, race/ethnicity, and selected employmentand occupational characteristics (table 505.15) Average literacy and numeracy scale scores of 25- to 65year-olds, by sex, age group, highest level of educationalattainment, and country or other education system (table604.10) Percentage distribution of 25- to 65-year-olds, by literacyproficiency level, numeracy proficiency level, selectedlevels of educational attainment, and country or othereducation system (table 604.20) Employment rates and mean monthly earnings of 25- to65-year-olds, by literacy proficiency level, numeracyproficiency level, and country or other education system(table 604.30)The Digest can be accessed from http://nces.ed.gov/programs/digest.Thomas D. SnyderSupervisorAnnual Reports and Information StaffDIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2015
ContentsPageForeword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iiiList of Figures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viList of Text Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viiList of Reference Tables. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .viiiReader’s Guide . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5Chapter 1. All Levels of Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11Chapter 2. Elementary and Secondary Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71Chapter 3. Postsecondary Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .437Chapter 4. Federal Funds for Education and Related Activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .755Chapter 5. Outcomes of Education . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .781Chapter 6. International Comparisons of Education. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .833Chapter 7. Libraries and Internet Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .877Appendix A. Guide to Sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .887Appendix B. Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .941Appendix C. Index of Table Numbers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .965DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2015v
viLIST OF FIGURESList of 6.17.18.19.20.21.22.23.24.25.26.27.28.29.PageThe structure of education in the United States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14Enrollment, total expenditures in constant dollars, and expenditures as a percentage of the grossdomestic product (GDP), by level of education: Selected years, 1965–66 through 2014–15 . . . .15Percentage of persons 25 years old and over, by highest level of educational attainment: Selectedyears, 1940 through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Percentage of persons 25 through 29 years old, by highest level of educational attainment:Selected years, 1940 through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16Highest level of education attained by persons 25 through 29 years old: 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Percentage of persons 25 through 29 years old, by selected levels of educational attainment andrace/ethnicity: 2005 and 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17Enrollment, number of teachers, pupil/teacher ratio, and expenditures in public elementary andsecondary schools: 1960–61 through 2013–14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79Percentage change in public elementary and secondary enrollment, by state: Fall 2008 to fall 2013 . .80Total and full-day preprimary enrollment of 3- to 5-year-olds: October 1970 through October 2014 . . .80Percentage of revenue for public elementary and secondary schools, by source of funds: 1970–71through 2012–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81Current expenditure per pupil in fall enrollment in public elementary and secondary schools:1970–71 through 2012–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81Enrollment, degrees conferred, and expenditures in degree-granting postsecondary institutions:1960–61 through 2014–15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 442Percentage change in total enrollment in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by state: Fall2009 to fall 2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 443Enrollment in degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by age: Fall 1970 through fall 2025 . . . 443Ratio of full-time-equivalent (FTE) students to total FTE staff and to FTE faculty in degree-grantingpostsecondary institutions, by control of institution: 1993, 2003, and 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444Bachelor’s degrees conferred by postsecondary institutions in selected fields of study:2003–04, 2008–09, and 2013–14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 444Percentage distribution of total revenues of public degree-granting postsecondary institutions, bysource of funds: 2013–14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 445Percentage distribution of total revenues of private nonprofit degree-granting postsecondaryinstitutions, by source of funds: 2013–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 446Percentage distribution of total revenues of private for-profit degree-granting postsecondaryinstitutions, by source of funds: 2013–14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 447Federal on-budget funds for education, by level or other educational purpose: Selected years,1965 through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 764Percentage distribution of federal on-budget funds for education, by agency: Fiscal year 2014764Unemployment rates of persons 25 to 34 years old, by highest level of educational attainment:Selected years, 1990 through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783Employment to population ratios of persons 25 to 34 years old, by highest level of educationalattainment: Selected years, 1990 through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 783Percentage distribution of 2013–14 high school dropouts and high school completers not enrolledin college, by labor force status: October 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 784Median annual earnings of full-time year-round workers 25 years old and over, by highest level ofeducational attainment and sex: 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 784Median annual salaries of bachelor’s degree recipients employed full time 1 year after graduation,by field of study: 1991, 2001, and 2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 785Percentage change in enrollment, by major areas of the world and level of education: 2000 to 2013 . . 838Percentage of the population 25 to 34 years old with an associate’s or higher degree, by OECDcountry: 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 839Public direct expenditures on education institutions as a percentage of gross domestic product(GDP), by selected OECD country: 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 840DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2015
LIST OF TEXT TABLESviiList of Text TablesTableA.B.PageTotal elementary and secondary school enrollment, by overall trends: Selected years, 1949–50 tofall 2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12Number of public school staff, by selected categories: 1969–70, 1980, and 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . .72C. Suspension of eligibility for Title IV federal student financial aid due to a drug-related conviction orfailure to report conviction status on aid application form: 2007–08 through 2013–14 . . . . . . . . .441D.Federal on-budget funding for education, by category: Selected fiscal years, 1965 through 2014 . .755E.Median annual earnings of full-time year-round workers 25 years old and over, by selected levelsof educational attainment and sex: Selected years, 1995 through 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .782Population and enrollment at different levels in major areas of the world: 2000 and 2013 . . . . . . .834G. Common Core of Data (CCD) file versions used in the current edition of the Digest of EducationStatistics: 1986–87 through 2013–14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .890F.DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2015
viiiLIST OF REFERENCE TABLESList of Reference TablesChapter 1. All Levels of EducationPopulation101.10.Estimates of resident population, by age group: 1970 through 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18101.20.Estimates of resident population, by race/ethnicity and age group: Selected years, 1980through 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19101.30.Number, percentage, and percentage distribution of total resident population and populationunder 18 years old, by nativity, race/ethnicity, and selected racial/ethnic subgroups: 2004,2009, and 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20101.40.Estimated total and school-age resident populations, by state: Selected years, 1970 through 2014 . .23Characteristics of Households With Children102.10.Number and percentage distribution of family households, by family structure and presence ofown children under 18: Selected years, 1970 through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24Number and percentage distribution of children under age 18 and under age 6, by livingarrangements, race/ethnicity, and selected racial/ethnic subgroups: 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25102.30.Median household income, by state: Selected years, 1990 through 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27102.40.Poverty rates for all persons and poverty status of 5- to 17-year-olds, by region and state: Selectedyears, 1990 through 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28102.50.Official and supplemental measures of poverty status for all persons, persons in families, andrelated children under age 18, by race/ethnicity: Selected years, 1960 through 2014. . . . . . . . .29Number and percentage of children under age 18 living in poverty, by family structure, race/ethnicity, and selected racial/ethnic subgroups: 2009 and 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32102.20.102.60.Enrollment Rates103.10.103.20.Percentage of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by sex, race/ethnicity, and agegroup: Selected years, 1980 through 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34Percentage of the population 3 to 34 years old enrolled in school, by age group: Selected years,1940 through 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36Educational Attainment104.10.Rates of high school completion and bachelor’s degree attainment among persons age 25 andover, by race/ethnicity and sex: Selected years, 1910 through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38104.20.Percentage of persons 25 to 29 years old with selected levels of educational attainment, by race/ethnicity and sex: Selected years, 1920 through 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41104.30.Number of persons age 18 and over, by highest level of educational attainment, sex, race/ethnicity, and age: 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43104.40.Percentage of persons 18 to 24 years old and age 25 and over, by educational attainment, race/ethnicity, and selected racial/ethnic subgroups: 2009 and 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45104.50.Persons age 25 and over who hold a bachelor’s or higher degree, by sex, race/ethnicity, agegroup, and field of bachelor’s degree: 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47104.60.Number of persons 25 to 34 years old and percentage with a bachelor’s or higher degree, byundergraduate field of study, sex, race/ethnicity, and U.S. nativity and citizenship status: 2014 .48104.70.Number and percentage distribution of 5- to 17-year-olds, by parent’s highest level of educationalattainment, household type, and child’s race/ethnicity: 2009 and 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49104.80.Percentage of persons 18 to 24 years old and age 25 and over, by educational attainment andstate: 2000 and 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50104.85.Rates of high school completion and bachelor’s degree attainment among persons age 25 andover, by race/ethnicity and state: 2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2015
LIST OF REFERENCE TABLES104.88.ixRates of high school completion and bachelor’s degree attainment among persons age 25 andover, by sex and state: 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52104.90.Percentage distribution of spring 2002 high school sophomores, by highest level of educationcompleted through 2012 and selected student characteristics: 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53104.91.Number and percentage distribution of spring 2002 high school sophomores, by highest level ofeducation completed, and socioeconomic status and selected student characteristics while inhigh school: 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54Number and percentage distribution of spring 2002 high school sophomores, by highest level ofeducation completed, socioeconomic status and educational expectations while in high school,and college enrollment status 2 years after high school: 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55Sources of college information for spring 2002 high school sophomores who expected to attenda postsecondary institution, by highest level of education completed and socioeconomic statuswhile in high school: 2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56Number of persons age 25 and over in metropolitan areas with populations greater than 1 millionand rates of high school completion and bachelor’s degree attainment among persons in this agegroup, by sex: 2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57104.92.104.93.104.95.Summary of Enrollment, Teachers, and Schools105.10.Projected number of participants in educational institutions, by level and control of institution:Fall 2015. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58105.20.Enrollment in elementary, secondary, and degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by leveland control of institution, enrollment level, and attendance status and sex of student: Selectedyears, fall 1990 through fall 2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59Enrollment in elementary, secondary, and degree-granting postsecondary institutions, by leveland control of institution: Selected years, 1869–70 through fall 2025 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60Number of teachers in elementary and secondary schools, and faculty in degree-grantingpostsecondary institutions, by control of institution: Selected years, fall 1970 through fall 2025 .61Number of educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years, 1980–81through 2013–14 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62105.30.105.40.105.50.Summary of 106.70.Expenditures of educational institutions related to the gross domestic product, by level ofinstitution: Selected years, 1929–30 through 2014–15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63Expenditures of educational institutions, by level and control of institution: Selected years,1899–1900 through 2014–15 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64Amount and percentage distribution of direct general expenditures of state and localgovernments, by function: Selected years, 1970–71 through 2012–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65Direct general expenditures of state and local governments for all functions and for education, bylevel of education and state: 2011–12 and 2012–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66Direct general expenditures of state and local governments per capita for all functions and foreducation, by level of education and state: 2011–12 and 2012–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67Gross domestic product, state and local expenditures, national income, personal income,disposable personal income, median family income, and population: Selected years, 1929through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .68Gross domestic product price index, Consumer Price Index, education price indexes, and federalbudget composite deflator: Selected years, 1919 through 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69DIGEST OF EDUCATION STATISTICS 2015
xLIST OF REFERENCE TABLESChapter 2. Elementary and Secondary EducationHistorical201.10.Historical summary of public elementary and secondary school statistics: Selected years,1869–70 through 2012–13 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82201.20.Enrollment in grades 9 through 12 in public and private schools compared with population14 to 17 years of age: Selected years, 1889–90 through fall 2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84Enrollment Status and Child Care Arrangements of Young Children202.10.Enrollment of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children in preprimary programs, by age of child, level ofprogram, control of program, and attendance status: Selected years, 1970 through 2014 . . . . .85202.20.Percentage of 3-, 4-, and 5-year-old children enrolled in preprimary programs, by level of program,attendance status, and selected child and family characteristics: 2014. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .87Number of children under 6 years old and not yet enrolled in kindergarten, percentage in centerbased programs, average weekly hours in nonparental care, and percentage in various types ofprimary care arrangements, by selected child and family characteristics: 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . .88202.35.Primary child care arrangements of 4- and 5-year-old children who are not yet enrolled inkindergarten, by race/ethnicity, poverty status, and mother’s highest level of education:Selected years, 1995 through 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .90202.40.Child care arrangements of 3- to 5-year-old children who are not yet in kindergarten, by age andrace/ethnicity: Selected years, 1991 through 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .91202.50.Percentage distribution of children at about 2 and 4 years of age, by type of child carearrangement and selected child and family characteristics: 2003–04 and 2005–06 . . . . . . . . . .92202.60.Percentage distribution of quality rating of child care arrangements of children at about 4 yearsof age, by type of arrangement and selected child and family characteristics: 2005–06 . . . . . . .93202.65.Percentage distribution of first-time kindergartners, by primary type of child care arrangement
Digest of Education Statistics. is the 51st in a series of publications initiated in 1962. The . Digest . has been issued annually except for combined editions for the years 1977-78, 1983-84, and 1985-86. Its primary purpose is to provide a compilation of statistical information covering the broad field of American education from .
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