September 16, 2019 - Commack Schools

September 16, 2019 Unit Question: How does where we live affect how we live? Significant Concept: Natural environments play a major role in how people live. HW: Study for vocab quiz this Thursday 9/19 - Extra help Thursday morning at 7:20am Work on Road Trip Project Unit Test 9/26

The continent of North America has been inhabited by humans for at least 16,500 years. As early as the 1500s, early settlers and European thinkers were interested in discovering how humans had come to populated North and South America. You will be given two sources about the arrival of the first people in North America. Take notes on each of the sources in the two columns below. Notes should be in bullet form and should help you address the issue: How did the first people arrive in North America?

Source #1 Notes: “Study: The First Americans Didn't Arrive by the Bering Land Bridge” For many years, scientists believe the first Americans arrived here by crossing the Bering Land Bridge from Asia. However, scientists now believe the first Americans were here much earlier and arrived along the Pacific coast.

Source #2 Notes: “The Bering Land Bridge Theory: Not Dead Yet” The Land Bridge Theory is still accepted as a possible means for the first people arriving in America What is now questionable is exactly HOW and WHEN they did it. We should be open-minded about new theories, but not be to quick to accept them as fact.

1. Identify and explain one similarity between the documents: Both of these document explain how they believe the first people arrived in North America.

2. Identify and explain one difference between the documents: In Source #1, Megan Gannon argues that the Land Bridge theory is gone, but in Source #2, Alan Mac Eachern believes the Land Bridge theory is still possible.

Conclusion: Based on the documents, how do you think the first people arrived in North America?

What information does this map provide? Many years ago, the continents of Asia and North America were connected by land.

Simulation video Describe what you saw in the video. Thousands of years ago, Asia and North America were connected by land. As the Ice Age ended, glaciers melted and covered the land with water.

Native American Culture Groups

As the first Americans migrated across the continent, they began to settle in different areas. The geography of these areas greatly influenced how these people lived. A culture area is a region in which people share a similar way of life.

The map below shows the major culture areas of North America before European arrival in 1500.

Eastern Woodland Indians

Eastern Woodlands: Examples of tribes Iroquois (made up of 5 nations) –Caygua, Oneida, Seneca, Mohawk, Onondaga (C.O.S.M.O.) Algonquin Huron

Eastern Woodlands: Culture Region Eastern Woodlands Indians lived in the forests of the northeast.

Eastern Woodlands: Culture Region They farmed and hunted for food. They lived in longhouses made of wood.

Eastern Woodlands: How does where they live affect how they live? Their environment is surrounded by forests. They used the wood from trees for their shelter.

Plains Indians

Plains: Examples of tribes Sioux Lakota Cheyenne

Plains: Culture Region Plains Indians were nomadic hunters. They lived in tepees and relied on the buffalo (bison) to meet their basic needs of food, shelter and clothing.

Buffalo: A “Galloping Department Store”

Plains Indians: How does where they live affect how they live? The Plains Indians were surrounded by buffalo. They used the buffalo as a resource for food, clothing and shelter.

Southwest Indians

Southwest Indians: Examples of tribes Anasazi Pueblo Hopi Navajo

Southwest: Culture Region Southwest Indians lived in villages in homes made of adobe clay. They lived in the desert, so they created irrigation systems to grow their crops.

Southwest Indians: How does where they live affect how they live? Their environment was hot and dry, so they needed irrigation systems to grow crops.

For Native Americans, Land Is More Than Just the Ground Beneath Their Feet Private land ownership isn’t a solution to Native American poverty. BY KELLI MOSTELLER, SEP 17, 2016, THE ATLANTIC Thousands of Native American protesters are currently fighting against the proposed construction of the Dakota Access pipeline in North Dakota. They are doing more than just trying to protect their land. They are fighting for their culture—and their future. Advances on Indian lands have always been, and continue to be, attacks on [native] values members of [native] communities throughout the United States have rallied new resistance. Some, like the Standing Rock Sioux in North Dakota, are challenging [corporations taking over] lands and water

Summary: Native Americans are protesting the construction of a pipeline by the federal government on their land.

Conflicts over the use and ownership of Native lands are not new. Land has been at the center of virtually every significant interaction between Natives and non-Natives since the earliest days of European contact with the indigenous peoples of North America. By the 19th century, [the] federal [government tried] to make them into farmers. The result instead was that struggling tribes were further [robbed] of their land. In recent decades, tribes, corporations, and the federal government have fought over control of Native land and resources

Summary: Native Americans have been battling with the federal government over their land for hundreds of years.

Eastern Woodlands: Examples of tribes Iroquois (made up of 5 nations) -Caygua, Oneida, Seneca, Mohawk, Onondaga (C.O.S.M.O.) Algonquin Huron Eastern Woodlands: Culture Region Eastern Woodlands Indians lived in the forestsof the northeast. Eastern Woodlands: Culture Region They farmed and huntedfor food. They lived in longhouses made of wood.