Essential Grammar In Use - Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-67543-7 - Essential Grammar in Use with Answers, Third EditionRaymond MurphyFrontmatterMore informationTo the student(working without a teacher)This is a grammar book forelementary students of English.There are 115 units in the book andeach unit is about a different pointof English grammar. There is a listof units at the beginning of the book(Contents).ContentsThanks viiTo the student viiiTo the teacher xPresent1 am/is/are2 am/is/are (questions)3 I am doing (present continuous)4 are you doing? (present continuous questions)5 I do/work/like etc. (present simple)6 I don’t (present simple negative)7 Do you ? (present simple questions)8 I am doing (present continuous) and I do (present simple)9 I have and I’ve got Do not study all the units in orderfrom beginning to end. It is better tochoose the units that you need to do.For example, if you have a problemwith the present perfect (I have been,he has done etc.), study Units 15–20.Indexmbers).anybody/anyone/anything76D, 78–7a/anperfect65Present9better 87anywa and somD15 a/I have edone1) os here 7967 (present perfect apbetweentrophe (I’an and the –6810m, it’s etc.)biperfect6916abouI’vejust I’vealready Ihaven’tyet(present2)er/9At (a bit oldAppendt 111Eix 4bigger etc.)bornap88D17abovHaveyou ever ? (present perfectostroph3)21Ce 109Ee ’s (my broboth 82ther’s car)activ18He and lpa h? (are see am/if s/ar4)64Use the Contents or the Index (at theback of the book) to find the unit(or units) that you need.If you are not surewhich units youneed to study, usethe Study guide atthe back of thebook.Past10 was/were11 worked/got/went etc. (past simple)12 I didn’t Did you ? (past simple negative and questions)13 ThI was(past continuous)e numdoingbers are un14 (nIotwas(pastcontinuous)and I did (past simple)it numberspagedoingnussive Apacross 11pendix0adjectives85adjectivesand adverb(quick/quicsklycomparativ ) 86esexpensive) (older / more87–89superlatives (the oldest / the moexpensive)stget adjec 90tive (get tired etc.)56Bpossessiveadjectives(my/your/hetc.) 60,er62something/anybody etc. adjectiv79Ceadjectives pretc.) 112A eposition (afraid ofadverbs86word order (always/usually/oftenetc.) 94ad iearound110, 114–115,Appendixar rive 10 78Carticles (a/an/the) 65a/an 65,–7367a/an and –68the 69the 70–73as (not as as) 89askask somebody to 53ask somebody for Bat113Aat 8 o’clock / at nightat the busetstop / at wo c. 103rk etc.106–107at and to108at the ageof 111Bauxiliaryverbs 23, 40–42awayrun1word order 94but 97by 111Cby after the paa dog.) 21 ssive (I was bittenbyby myself D/ by yourself etc. 63Cby ( beside) 109Ccan/can’tcompara 30tive (older/ moreexpensivecondition etc.) 87–89alif I do (if )99if I did conjunct 100ions 97–100and/but/or/so/because 97when/before/if 99–100 while/after/until 98continue(contcontinu i inue to orStudy guideStudy guideIF YOU ARE NOT SURE WHICH IS RIGHT1.14 Please be quiet.A I working.STUDYUNIT8, 23.B I work.C I’m working.8, 583.4.B doesn’t haveany children.C no haveE hasn’t got2.1The weather . last week.A is goodB was goodC were good2.2Why . late this morning?A you wasB did youC was youD you were2.3Terry . in a bank from 1996 to 2003.A workB workingC worksD workedE was work1110D goodE were you‘Do you know Lisa?’ ‘Yes, . her for a long time.’A I knewB I’ve knownC I knowD I am knowing183.7Richard has been in Canada . .A for six monthsB since six monthsC six months ago19, 10418D in six months3.8‘When did Tom go out?’ ‘.’A For ten minutes.B Since ten minutes.C Ten minutes ago.D In ten minutes.193.9We . a holiday last year.A don’t haveB haven’t hadC hasn’t hadE didn’t had20D didn’t have2.4Caroline . to the cinema three times last week.A goB wentC goesD gotE was113.10 Where . on Sunday afternoon? I couldn’t find you.A you wereB you have beenC was youD have you beenE were you2.5I . television yesterday.A didn’t watchB didn’t watchedC wasn’t watchedE didn’t watching12, 23Passive2.6‘How . ?’ ‘I don’t know. I didn’t see it.’A happened the accidentB did happen the accidentC does the accident happenD did the accident happenE the accident happened2.7What . at 11.30 yesterday?A were you doingB was you doingC you were doingE you was doingD don’t watch12134.1This houseA is built4.2We . to the party last week.A didn’t inviteB didn’t invitedC weren’t invitedE haven’t been invitedJack was reading a book when the phone . .A ringingB ringC rangD was ringingE was ring142.9I saw Lucy and Steve this morning. They . at the bus stop.A waitingB waitedC were waitingD was waitingE were waited14Present perfect.B is building100 years ago.C was building2021, 23D was builtE built21, 23D wasn’t invited4.3‘Where . born?’ ‘In Cairo.’A you areB you wereC was youD are you4.4My car is at the garage. It . .A is being repairedB is repairingC have been repairedE repairs4.5I can’t find my keys. I think . .A they’ve been stolenB they are stolenC they’ve stolenD they’re being stolenD were you do2.817, 233.6E had good10that woman before, but I can’t remember where.B I seenC I’ve sawD I’ve seenE I’ve seeing.‘How long . married?’ ‘Since 1998.’A you areB you have beenC has you beenD are youE have you been9, 58D haven’t got17, 233.59, 58PastSTUDYUNITMy sister . by plane.A has never travelB has never travelledC is never travelledD has never been travelledE have never travelledA I see8, 23C are you usually do1.17 Sarah isn’t feeling well. . a headache.A She haveB She have gotC She hasD She’s got1.18 Tracey and JeffA don’t have3.3D I’m work.1.15 Tom . a shower every morning.A hasB havingC is havingD have1.16 What . at the weekend?A do you usuallyB are you usually doingD do you usually doE you do usuallyIF YOU ARE NOT SURE WHICH IS RIGHT21E were you22D repaired22Verb forms3.1‘Where’s Rebecca?’ ‘. to bed.’A She is goneB She has goneC She goesE She’s gone3.2‘Are Diane and Paul here?’ ‘No, they . .’A don’t arrive yetB have already arrivedC haven’t already arrivedD haven’t arrived yet15D She have gone272165.1It . , so we didn’t need an umbrella.A wasn’t rainedB wasn’t rainC didn’t raining5.2Somebody . this window.A has brokeB has brokenC has breaked23D wasn’t raining24D has break273Study guide (pages 271–282)viii Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-67543-7 - Essential Grammar in Use with Answers, Third EditionRaymond MurphyFrontmatterMore informationEach unit is two pages.The information is onthe left-hand page andthe exercises are on theright:UnitExercises3I am doing (present continuous)3.1eatI’m eating.She’s eating.She isn’t reading.We’re running.It’s raining.The sun isn’t shining.1IweyoutheyBam (not)I’m working. I’m not watching TV.is (not)Maria is reading a newspaper.She isn’t eating. (or She’s not eating.)The phone is PRE fig04.epspastnow3.4write A writingdance A dancingsit A sittingswim A swimmingam/is/are A Unit 1 are you doing? (questions) A Unit 4What are you doing tomorrow? A Unit 25on the floor.breakfast.on the table.What’s happening now? Write true sentences.I’m not washing my hair.1 (I / wash / my hair).It’s snowing.It isn’t snowing.2 (it / snow).or .3 (I / sit / on a chair).4 (I / eat).5 (it / rain).6 (I / learn / English).7 (I / listen / to music).8 (the sun / shine).9 (I / wear / shoes).10 (I / read / a newspaper) .Exercises17Key to ExercisesUNIT 112 they’re3 it’s not /it isn’t4 that’s5 I’m not6 you’re not/ you aren’t1.22 ’m/am6 are3 is7is are4 are8 ’m/am 5 ’s/isis1.32 I’m / I am3 He’s / He4 they’re / isthey are5 It’s / It is6 You’re / You7 She’s / She areis8 HAppendix 2List of irregular verbs (A Unit 24)infinitiveinfinitivepast participlepast participlepast simplepast htpaidbroughtpaidbuildputbuiltputbuiltputbuyread (reed)* read (red)*boughtread ndidsawdrawselldrawnsolddrewsoldAdditionaldrink nedroveshoneeatshooteatenshotateshotwas/were andfellfallshowfallenshownshowedpast simple(Ifeltworked / didfeelshutshutfeltshutyou work? etc.10fight Completefoughtsingsung) sangthe sentence foughts.foundUse one worfind 1 I got upfoundsitsat Units 10–12satdonly.earlyfly 2 Tom wasflew and .hadsleep.flownsleptslept. a shower.tired last nighforgetspeakspokenspoket,forgottenso he .3 I .forgot. this. toget 4 Kate got gotgotspentspentbed earlypen on the floo .spend.mar ried wher. Is standit yours?n shegive5 Helen is gavegivenstoodstood.learning to driv. 23.go 6 ‘I’ve got wentstealgonestolenstolee.She .a new job.’. her‘Yes,growswimgrownswumgrewswam7 ‘Where didfirst lessoI know. Davn yesterday.youid.buythathangtake .hungtakenhungtookbook?’ ‘It8 We .was a present. . me.’.haveteachhadtaughthun9 ‘Did you hadJane .taughtgry, so we had.enjo.somtething toh10 ‘Did And h y dthe film?’ h ‘Yes,d I .t. it to me.’teat.y come to your.party.itwas very good?’ ‘No, we11 Look at.’the questions. him, butandKevin whenhe didn’t comhe was a child Kevin’s answers. Writee.’sentences abo.utWhen you werea child Were you tall?Did you likeWere you good school?atDid you play sport?football?Did you work hard at school?Did you havea lot ofDid you have friends?a bicycle?Were you aquiet child?Jane isn’t having dinner.(have dinner)She’s watching television.(watch television) .(sit on the floor) She .(read a book) .(play the piano) .(laugh) .(wear a hat) .(write a letter) .I am doing and I do A Unit 8Study the left-hand page (information), and thendo the exercises on the right-hand page.Use the Key to check your answers. The Key ison pages 283–309.Study the left-hand page again if necessary.There are also Additionalexercises at the back of thebook (pages 252–270).There is a list of theseexercises on page 252.futureSpelling (A Appendix 5):Don’t forget the sevenAppendices at the back of thebook (pages 243–251). Thesewill give you informationabout active and passive forms,irregular verbs, short forms,spelling and phrasal verbs.Look at the picture. Write sentences about Jane. Use She’s -ing or She isn’t -ing.JanePlease be quiet. I’m working. ( I’m working now)Look, there’s Sarah. She’s wearing a brown coat. ( she is wearing it now)The weather is nice. It’s not raining.‘Where are the children?’ ‘They’re playing in the park.’(on the phone) We’re having dinner now. Can I phone you later?You can turn off the television. I’m not watching it.166buildcookgohavestandstayswimwork’m working .Please be quiet. I .‘Where’s John?’ ‘He’s in the kitchen. He . .’‘You . on my foot.’ ‘Oh, I’m sorry.’Look! Somebody . in the river.We’re here on holiday. We . at the Central Hotel.‘Where’s Sue?’ ‘She . a shower.’They . a new hotel in the city centre at the moment.I . now. Goodbye.I’m workingshe’s wearing a hatthey’re playing footballI’m not watching televisionInformation4565DOUBLE SPREAD ILLUSTRATION OF UNITAS ESG P6am/is/are -ing something is happening now:come A comingrun A runninglie A lying3waitComplete the sentences. Use these verbs:12345678We’re having dinner.You’re not listening to me. (or You aren’t listening )The children are doing their homework.are (not)haveShe’s eating an apple.1 .2 He . for a bus.3 They . football.They’re running.They aren’t walking.The present continuous is:am/is/are doing/eating/running/writing etc.hesheitUnitWhat are these people doing? Use these verbs to complete the sentences:AKevinNo.Yes.Yes.Yes.No.Yes.No.9 I’m/I amaswimmer. or goodI’m not/I amnot a goodswimmer.10 I’m/I aminterested infootball. orI’m not/I aminterested in notfootball.UNIT 22.12 F3 H4 C5 A6 E7 B8 I9 D2.23 Is your job4 Are the shopinteresting?s open today?5 WhUNIT 33.12 ’s/is waiting3 ’re/are play4 He’s/He is ing5 They’re/Thelying6 She’s/She y are havingis sitting3.22 ’s/is cooking3 ’re/are stand4 ’s/is swim ingming5 ’re/are stayi6 ’s/is having ng7 ’re/are build8 ’m/am goin ingg3.33 She’ /ShAppendix 3Irregular verbs in groupsThe past simple and past participle are the same:12costcuthithurtA costA cutA hitA hurtletputshutA letA putA AkeepsleepA keptA sleptlentsentspentbuiltburn A burntlearn A learntsmell A feltleftmetdreamt (dremt)*meant (ment)*bring A brought (brort)*buyA bought writtenbeatbitehideA beatA bitA vesawtookfight A fought (fort)*Additional exerpastthinksimpleA(I thoughtcises4worked(thort)*blow A blewblown) and past continuous (I wasgrowworA grewgrown14 catchA caught (kort)*Completking)e the sentknow A knewknownences. Use theteach A taught(tort)*Units 11–14pastsimple throwthrewthrown1or past Acontinuous.flyA flewflown4selltellA soldA told2drawshowJANEA drewdrawnA showed shownGood morning.PAULItwas raining(rain) whenwentwe(go) out.31 .He.wasn’t.tall.2 .Heliked.scho.ol.3 He .4 .5 .6 .7The past simple and past participle are different:When I arrived at the office, Jane and Paul.(work) at theirdesks.4SUEI .because it was . (open) the windowhot.The phoneCD RomYou can buy this book with or without aCD Rom. On the CD Rom there are moreexercises on all the units, and these aredifferent from the exercises in the book.There are also more than 600 test questions.ix Cambridge University Presswww.cambridge.org

Cambridge University Press978-0-521-67543-7 - Essential Grammar in Use with Answers, Third EditionRaymond MurphyFrontmatterMore informationTo the teacherThe most important features of this book are:It is a grammar book. It does not deal with other aspects of the language.It is for elementary learners. It does not cover areas of grammar which are not normallytaught at elementary level.It is a reference book with exercises. It is not a course book and is not organisedprogressively.It is addressed to learners and intended for self-study.Organisation of the bookThere are 115 units in the book, each one focusing on a particular area of grammar. Thematerial is organised in grammatical categories, such as tenses, questions and articles. Units arenot ordered according to difficulty, and should therefore be selected and used in the orderappropriate for the learner(s). The book should not be worked through from beginning to end.The units are listed in the Contents and there is a comprehensive Index at the end of the book.Each unit has the same format consisting of two facing pages. The grammar point is presentedand explained on the left-hand page and the corresponding exercises are on the right. Thereare seven Appendices (pages 243–251) dealing with active and passive forms, irregular verbs,short forms (contractions), spelling and phrasal verbs. It might be useful for teachers to drawstudents’ attention to these.At the back of the book there is a set of Additional exercises (pages 252–270). These exercisesprovide ‘mixed’ practice bringing together grammar points from a number of different units(especially those concerning verb forms). There are 35 exercises in this section and there is afull list on page 252.Also at the back of the book there is a Study guide to help students decide which

978-0-521-67543-7 - Essential Grammar in Use with Answers, Third Edition Raymond Murphy Frontmatter More information. vii Thanks For their help in producing this third edition of Essential Grammar in Use,I would like to thank Liz Driscoll,Jessica Roberts and Alison Sharpe. I would also like to thank the teachersFile Size: 475KB