Class 9 English Worksheet-10 (Language) ADJECTIVES .

ਹੇਠ ਾਂ ਦ ਿੱਤੀ ਗਈ ਦਿਖਤ ਨੂੰ ਦਿਆਨ ਨ ਿ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਕੇ ਦ ਿੱਤੇ ਗਏ ਪਰਸ਼ਨ ਾਂ ੇ ਉੱਤਰ ਅਦਿਆਸ ਪੁਸਤਕ ਾਂ ਦ ਿੱਚ ਦਿਖੋ।ਪਰਸ਼ਨ -1 ਮੈਂ ੀ ਜਗ ਉਂ ੀ ਨਹੀਂ, ਅਿੱਜ ਰੋਟੀ ਤੂੰ ਹੀ ਦਿਜ ਣੀ ਹੈ, ਜ ੋਂ ਜੀ ਕਰੇ ਿੈ ਜੀ। ਓਥੇ ਤੇਰ ਪਤੂੰ ਰ ਹੀ ਤੈਨੂੰ ਸਮ ਰ।(੧)-ਇਹ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਵਕਸ ਨੇ, ਵਕਸ ਨੰ , ਕਦੋਂ ਤੇਵਕਉਂ ਕਹੇ?(੨)-ਭੱ ਤਾ ਕੀ ਹੰ ਦਾ ਹੈ? ਭੱ ਤਾ ਵਕਸ ਨੇ,ਵਕਸ ਲੲੀੀ ਤੇ ਵਕਥੇ ਲੈ ਜਾਣਾ ਸੀ?(੩)-ਭੱ ਤਾ ਕਹਾਣੀ ਦੇ ਪਾਤਰਾਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਂ ਵਲਖੋ ਤੇ ਦਸੋ ਭੱ ਤਾ ਕਹਾਣੀ ਵਿੱ ਚ ਲੇ ਖਕ ਕੀ ਦੱ ਸਣਾ ਚਾਹੰ ਦਾ ਹੈ?(੪)ਨ ਮੋ ੀ ਮ ਾਂ ੇ ਸੁਿ ਅ ਬ ਰੇ ------------ਪਰਸ਼ਨ- 2 ਮ ਾਂ ਨੇ ਕੂੰਮ ੇ ਿ ਿਚ ਕਰਕੇ ਤੋਰੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਨ ਮੋ ਹੀ ਿੇਜ ਦ ਤਿੱ ੀ। ਬਿ ਨੂੰ ਇਿੱਕ ਪਰ ਣੀ ਹੋਰ ਮ ਰ ਦ ਤਿੱ ੀ।(੧)- ਉਪਰੋਕਤ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਵਕਸ ਪਾਤਰ ਦੇ ਮਨ ਵਿੱ ਚ ਆਏ ਤੇ ਉਹ ਕੀ ਸੋਚ ਵਰਹਾ ਸੀ?(੨)- ਭੱ ਤਾ ਕੌ ਣ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਆਇਆ ਸੀ ਤੇ ਉਸ ਦਾ ਸੋਚਣ ਿਾਲੇ ਪਾਤਰ ਨਾਲ ਕੀ ਸੰ ਬੰ ਧ ਹੈ?(੩)-ਸੋਚਣ ਿਾਲੇ ਪਾਤਰ ਨੰ ਆਪਣਾ ਵਪਤਾ ਹੋਰ ਵਦਨਾਂ ਨਾਲੋਂ ਚੰ ਗਾ ਵਕਉਂ ਲਗ ਵਰਹਾ ਸੀ?(੪)- ਭੱ ਤਾ ਲੈ ਕੇ ਆਉਣ ਿਾਲੀਆਂ ਦੇ ਨਾਂ ਵਲਖੋ ਤੇ ਦੱ ਸੋ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਨੇ ਇਸ ਤੋਂ ਬਾਅਦ ਅੱਗੇ ਵਕੱ ਥੇ ਜਾਣਾ ਸੀ ਤੇ ਵਕਉ?Answer key of Punjabi Worksheet-8ਪਾਠ-੧ ਪਹਤਾ ਪਾਂਧੀਉੱਤਰ-3(੧)-ਗਿੱਡੀ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਿੋ ਕ ਾਂ ਨੇ ਇਿੱਕ ਸ ਰੀ ਨੂੰ ਬੀੜ੍ੀ ਪੀਣ ਤੋਂ ਰੋਦਕਆ। ਗਿੱਡੀ ੇ ਡਿੱਬੇ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਇਿੱਕ ਦ ਅਕਤੀ ਬੀੜ੍ੀ ਪੀਣ ਚ ਹੁੂੰਸੀਤੇ ਿੋ ਕ ਾਂ ਨੇ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ੀ ਇਿੱਜ਼ਤ ਜੋਂ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਮਨਹ ਕਰ ਦ ਤਿੱ । ਜ ੋਂ ਇਹ ਗਿੱਿ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੇ ਸੁਣੀ ਤ ਾਂ ਉਨਹ ਾਂ ਨੇ ਦਕਹ ਦਕਦਸਗਰਟ ਜ਼ਰਰ ਪੀਣ ਪਰ ਕੋਈ ਿੀਆ ਦਜਹੀ। ਜ ੋਂ ਿੋ ਕ ਾਂ ਨੇ ਪੁਦਿੱ ਿਆ ਿੀਆ ਦਜਹੀ ਦਕਉਂ, ਤ ਾਂ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੇ ਦਕਹ ਕੀ ਕਈਰ ਅੂੰਗਜ਼ਰੇ ਅਫਸਰ ਾਂ ਨੇ ਇਸਿਆੂੰ ਾਂ ਸ ਡੇ ਮਹੂੰ ਤੇ ਮ ਦਰਆ ਹੈ ।ਸ ਨੂੰ ਇਸ ੀ ਆ ਤ ਹੈ। ਪਰ ਜ ੋਂ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੂੰ ਪਤ

ਿਿੱਗ ਦਕ ਇਸ ਨੇ ਬੀੜ੍ੀ ਪੀਣੀ ਹੈ, ਤ ਾਂ ਉਹ ਮਖੌਿ ਕਰ ੇ ਹੋਏ ਬੋਿੇ ਦਕ ਬੀੜ੍ੀਿੂੰਆਾਂ ਬ ਰੀ ਤੋਂ ਬ ਹਰ ੀ ਸੁਿੱਟੀ ਪਰ ਪੀ ੀਂਜ਼ਰਰ।(੨) ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੇ ਉਸ ਦ ਅਕਤੀ ਨੂੰ ਇਹ ਕਦਹ ਕੇ ਖੁਿਿੱ ਦ ਤਿੱ ੀ ਦਕ ਦਸਗਰਟ ਪੀਣ ਜ਼ਰਰ ਪਰ ਕੋਈ ਿੀਆ ਦਜਹੀ।ਦਕਉਂਦਕਕਈਰੀ ਅੂੰਗਜ਼ਰੇ ਅਫਸਰ ਾਂ ਨੇ ਦਸਗਰਟਿਆੂੰ ਾਂ ਸ ਡੇ ਮਹੂੰ ਤੇ ਮ ਦਰਆ ਹੈ, ਸ ਨੂੰ ਇਸ ੀ ਆ ਤ ਹੈ।ਪਰ ਜ ੋਂ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬਨੂੰ ਪਤ ਿਿੱਗ ਦਕ ਇਸ ਬੂੰ ੇ ਨੇ ਬੀੜ੍ੀ ਪੀਣੀ ਹੈ, ਤ ਾਂ ਮਖੌਿ ਕਰ ੇ ਹੋਏ ਬੋਿੇ ਕੀ ਬੀੜ੍ੀਿਆੂੰ ਾਂ ਬ ਰੀ ਤੋਂ ਬ ਹਰ ਹੀ ਸੁਟਿੱ ੀ ਪਰਪੀ ੀਂ -----------ਉੱਤਰ-4(੧)-ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੇ ਪਦਹਿੇਦ ਚਿੱ ਬੈਠੇ ਤ ਾਂ ਉਨਹ ਾਂ ਨੇਰਜੇ ੇ ਡਿੱਬੇ ਨੂੰ ਪੇ- ਮਦਰਆਾਂਡਿੱਬ ਦਕਹ । ਦਕਉਂਦਕ ਜ ੋਂ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਪਦਹਿੇਰਜੇ ੇ ਡਿੱਬੇਦੇ ਖਆ ਕੀ ਇਿੱਥੇ ਕੋਈ ਅਖਬ ਰ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਦਰਹ ਹੈ,ਕੋਈ ਦਕਤ ਬ ਮੁਹੂੰ ਅਿੱਗੇ ਿਰੀ ਬੈਠ ਹੈ ਤੇ ਕੋਈ ਦਸਗਰਟ ੇਿਏਂੂੰ ਿਿੱਖੇ ੀ ਜ ਦਰਹ ਹੈ। ਕੋਈ ਦਕਸੇ ਨ ਿ ਗਿੱਿਬ ਤ ਨਹੀਂ ਕਰ । ਉੱਥੇ ਇੂੰਜ ਜ ਪਹੋਣ। ਇਸ ਿਈ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਪਦਹਿੇਰਜੇਸੀ ਦਜ ੇਂ ਏਥੇ ਸਿ ੇ ਮ ਪੇ ਮਰ ਗਏਡਿੱਬ ਿਿੱਡ ਕੇ ਤੀਜੇ ਰਜੇ ੇ ਡਿੱਬੇ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਆ ਗਏ।(੨)-ਇਿੱਕ ਹੌਿ ਰ ਨੇ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੂੰ ਪੁਦਿੱ ਿਆ ਦਕ ਉਹ ਪਦਹਿੇਰਜੇਿੇ ਡਿੱਬੇ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ੀ ਸੀਟ ਤੇ ਬੈਠ ਜ ,ੇਤ ਾਂ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੇ ਉਸ ਨੂੰ ਮਨ ਕਰ ੇ ਹੋਏ ਦਕਹ ਦਕ ਨ ਓਥੇ ਨ ਬੈਠੀ। ਓਥੇ ਮੇਰ ਜ ਨ ਨਸ਼ੀਨ ਬੈਠ ਹੈ। ਪੁਿਿੱ ਣ ਤੇ ਮੇਜਰਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੇਦਿੱ ਸਆ ਕੀ ਤੁ ਰ ੀ ਗਿੱਡੀ ੇ ਜੂੰਗਿੇ ਨ ਿ ਕੋਈ ਿਟਕ ਦਗਆ ਸੀ ,ਮੈਨੂੰ ਡਰ ਿਿੱਗ ਦਕ ਦਕਤੇ ਮਰ ਨ ਜ ੇ । ਫੇਰਗ ਦਹਆ ਿੁ ਗਤਣੀਆਾਂ ਪੈਣਗੀਆਾਂ। ਮੈਂ ਉਹਨੂੰ ਆਦਖਆ ਦਕਸੇ ਹੋਰ ਡਿੱਬੇ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਬੈਠ ਜ ,ੇ ਪਰ ਉਹ ਮੇਰੇ ਪੈਰ ਾਂ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਪੈ ਦਗਆ ਦਕਮੈਨੂੰ ਦਕਸੇ ਨੇ ਥ ਾਂ ਨਹੀਂ ਣੇ ੀ। ਮੈ ਆਪਣੀ ਦਟਕਟ ਉਸ ੇ ਨ ਿ ਟ ਕੇ ਇਿੱਥੇ ਆ ਦਗਆ। ਏਥੇ ਬੂੰਤ ਦਸੂੰਘ ਹੋਰੀਂ ਬੈਠੇ ਸਨ, ਮੈ ਇਥੇਹੀ ਰੁਕ --------ੳੱਤਰ- 5(੧)- ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੇ ਿੋ ਕ ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਆਪਣੀ ਤ ਰੀਫ਼ ਕਰਨਸਮ ਾਂ ਹੀ ਨ ਦ ਤਿੱ ਹੈ। ਇਹ ਉਹਨ ਾਂ ੇ ਚਦਰਿੱਤਰਸਿ ਤੋਂ ਸੋਹਣਗੁਣ ਸੀ। ਦਜ ੇਂ ਹੀ ਕੋਈ ਕੁ ਝ ਬੋਿਣ ਿਿੱਗੇ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਕੋਈ ਹੋਰ ਗਿੱਿ ਕਰਕੇ ਉਹਨੂੰ ਚੁਿੱਪ ਕਰ ਦ ੂੰ ।ੇ ਿੋ ਕ ਾਂ ੁ ਆਰ ਉਹਨ ਾਂਪਤ ਮੂੰਗਣ ਤੇ ਉਹਨ ਾਂ ਨੇ ਦਕਹ ਇਸਜ਼ਰਰ ਨੋ ਟ ਕਰ ਦ ਆਾਂਗ ।ਰ ਮੁਆਫ਼ੀ ੇ ਦ ਉ ।ਜੇ ਫੇਰ ਕ ੇ ਇਹੋ ਦਜਹ , ਦਮਿਣਮੌਕ ਦਮਦਿਆ ਤ ਾਂ ਪਤ

(੨)- ਸਬ ਬਯੁਿੱਿ ਮੁਕ ਿਈਏਇਹ ਅਰਥ ਸੀ ਕੀ ਪਦਹਿੇਰਜੇ ੇ ਡਿੱਬੇ ਦ ਿੱਚੋਂ ਆਪਣ ਸਮ ਨ ਇਕਿੱਠ ਕਰ ਦਿਆਜ ।ੇ ਦਕਉਂਦਕ ਅਗਿੇ ਸਟੇਸ਼ਨ ਤੇ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੇ ਿਦਹ ਜ ਣ ਸੀ। ਇਸ ਿਈ ਉਹ ਗਿੱਡੀ ਰੁਕਣ ਤੋਂ ਪਦਹਿ ਆਪਣ ਸਮ ਨਇਕਿੱਠ ਕਰਨ ਚ ਹੁੂੰ ੇ ਸੀ।(੩)- ਡਿੱਬੇ ੀ ਰਹ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਨੂੰ ਆਦਖਆ ਦਗਆ ਹੈ। ਉਹਨ ਾਂ ੇ ਇਆ ਪਰ ਕ, ਮਕ ਰਨ ੳੁੁਹ ਡਿੱਬੇ ੀ ਰਹ ਬਣ ਗਏ। ਉਹਨ ਾਂ ੇ ਬੈਠਣ ਨ ਿ ਡਿੱਬੇਗ ਰ, ਦਮਿਣਸ ਰ ਤੇ ਰੋਣਕੀ ਸੁਿ ਅਮ ਹੌਿ ਬ ਿ ਦਗਆ। ਸ ਰੀਆਾਂ ਉਹਨ ਾਂ ੇ ਸੁਿ ਅ ਤੋਂਬਹੁਤ ਪਰਿ ਦ ਤ ਸਨ। ਜ ੋਂ ਮੇਜਰ ਸ ਦਹਬ ਡਿੱਬੇ ਦ ਚਿੱ ੋ ਉੱਤਰ ਗਏ ਤ ਾਂ ਇੂੰਜ ਮਦਹਸਸ ਹੋਇਆ ਦਜ ੇਂ ਡਿੱਬੇ ੀ ਰਹ ਮਕਰਹੈਦਨਕਿ ਗਈ ਹੋ ।ੇ(੪)- ਿੇ ਖਕ ਗੁਰਬਖਸ਼ ਦਸੂੰਘ ਪਰੀਤਿੜ੍ੀ ਨੇ ਇਸ ਕਹ ਣੀ ਰ ਹੀਂ ਸ ਨੂੰ ਇਹ ਸੂੰ ਸ਼ੇ ਦ ਤਿੱ ਹੈ ਦਕ ਗਿੱਡੀ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਦਕੂੰਨੀਆਾਂ ਸ ਰੀਆਾਂਰੋਜ਼ ਸਫ਼ਰ ਕਰ ੀਆਾਂ ਹਨ, ਪਰ ਹਜ਼ ਰ ਾਂ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਕੋਈ ਇਿੱਕ ਪਹੁਤ ਪ ਿਾਂ ੀ ਹੁੂੰਕਰਹੈ। ਸ ਨੂੰ ੀ ਆਪਣੀ ਦਜ਼ੂੰ ਗੀ ਦ ਚਿੱ ਇਸ ਤਰਹ ਾਂਪਹੁਤ ਪ ਾਂਿੀ ਬਣਨ ੀ ਕੋਦਸ਼ਸ਼ ਕਰਨੀ ਚ ਹੀ ੀ ਹੈ। ਿੋ ਕ ਾਂ ੀਆਾਂਿੋਟੀਆਾਂ -ਿੋਟੀਆਾਂ ਤਕਿੀਫ ਾਂ ਨੂੰ ਸਮਝਣ , ਦਮਿੱਠ ਬੋਿਣ ਤੇ ਉਨਹ ਾਂ ੀ ਹੈ , ਜੋ ਦਨਸੁਆਰਥ ਿ ਨ ਨ ਿ ਿੋ ਕ ਾਂ ੀ ਮਕਰਨ ਹੀ ਸ ਨੂੰ ਪਹੁਤ ਪ ਾਂਿੀ ਬਣ ਉਂਹੈ।

Class 9History Civics Worksheet-9ORIGIN:In 1921 & 1922 some excavations were made by the Indian archaeologists namedR.B.DAYARAM SAHNI and R.D BANERJEE. The excavations took place atHARAPPA and MOHENJODARO, the discovery of this civilisation was a great eventthat took place in the history of India. This civilisation is also known as the Indus valleycivilisation as it was on the bank of river Indus. The main sources of the civilisation arethe evidences like buildings, seals, toys, ancient cities.EXTENT OF HARAPPAN CIVILISATIONThe civilisation is extended over 1600 KM from HARAPPA and MOHENJODARO toPUNJAB, SINDH ,PAKISTAN, RAJASTHAN, UTTAR PRADESH, GUJARAT tosome parts of SPUTH INDIA . The civilisation also included some lands covered by therivers RAVI, BEAS, SATLUJ, CHENAB, JHELUM, INDUS.URBAN PLANNINGThe Indus valley people had remarkable skill of town planning. They made streets andlanes according to proper plan. The cities had a good drainage system.THE GREAT BATHGreat Bath, ancient structure at MOHENJODARO, PAKISTAN, is an archaeologicalsite featuring ruins of the INDUS VALLEY. The Great Bath dates to the is believed tohave been used for ritual bathing. The bath is built of fine brickwork and measures 897square feet (83 square metres). It is 8 feet (2.5metres) lower than the surroundingpavement.THE GREAT BATHDANCING GIRL AND THE BEARDED MANTHE

CITADEL:It is referred to that part of the city which included important buildings like great granary,workshops, palaces, etc.DANCING GIRL:The statue is 10.5 centimetres (4.1 in) tall, and depicts a naked young woman or girl withstylized proportions standing in a confident, naturalistic pose. Dancing Girl is wellregarded as a work of art, and is a cultural artefact of the Indus Valley Civilisation.BEARDED MAN:It is also known as PRIEST KING. It is a sculpture of a seated man draped in a shawldecorated with trefoil pattern. The sculpture of the bearded man was found at Sindh (PAKISTAN).DANCING GIRLIt was found at Mohenjadaro. It is a bronze statue of a dancing girl. Her eyes are largenose is flat and she is seen wearing various ornaments.SEALSFigures of animals and human beings are engraved on the seals. From those seals we getto know about the dress, hairstyle, ornaments of the Indus valleypeople. Some important seals are Pashupati seal, Unicorn seal, Hump bull seal.THE SEALS OF HARAPPAN CIVILIZATIONDOCKYARDDockyard Lothal developed as the most important port and centre for the industry. It is223 metre long 35 metres in width and 8 metre in depth. It was a significant tradingcentre of Harappan civilization.

SCRIPTHarappan people knew the art of writing. Harappan scripts have been found on coppertablets seal, pottery.TRADETrade and commerce flourished as an occupation for the people of Indus valley. Theyimported stones, different metals and other articles from southern and eastern India,Kashmir and Central Asia.ART AND CRAFTStatues of dancing girl, watch dog and male dancer have been found at different sites ofIndus valley civilization. All these nicely show the physical features of animals andpeople of whose statues these are.DECLINE OF HARAPPANBy 1800 BCE, the Indus Valley Civilization saw the beginning of their decline. Thereasons for this decline are not entirely clear, but it is believed that the drying up ofthe Saraswati River, a process which had begun around 1900 BCE, was the main cause.Other experts speak of a great flood in the area.QUESTIONS1. What was the extent of Harappan civilization?2. Name some important seals of Harappan valley civilization?3. Mention two reasons to show that the people of Harappan civilization had a goodsense of town planning?4. Name a major trading centre of Harappan civilization?5. Write a short note on the Great Bath, Bearded Man and Dancing Girl.6. What led to decline of Harappan civilization?Answer key of History Civics Worksheet-8ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONSQ.1 Define the term ‘Elections’ .

Ans.1 Election is the process through which people choose their representatives whothen form the government . It is a contest between or amongst candidates in an electoralconstituency to win the majority vote in order to be elected .Q.2 What is an ‘Election Commission ’ ?Ans.2 To ensure free , fair and impartial elections , the Constitution established theElection Commission by Part XV (Article 324 ) . It is a body which is free from politicalor executive influences . It is a body which helps in the smooth conduct of electionsacross the country .Q.3 Mention the composition of election commission .Ans.3 COMPOSITION OF ELECTION COMMISSION1.The Election Commission comprises of the Chief Election Commissioner and otherElection Commissioners , as appointed by the President .2.At the state level , there is a Chief Electoral Officer of the State , appointed by theElection Commission .3.At the District level , there are – district election officers , electoral registration officersand returning officers .Q.4 State the differences between direct and indirect election.Ans.4 DIRECT ELECTIONSIn Direct Elections , voters directly choose their representatives for the union and stategovernments . All the eligible citizens vote for their representatives to the Lok Sabha ,Vidhan Sabha , municipal corporations , etc .INDIRECT ELECTIONIn Indirect Elections , voters do not directly choose their representatives . They vote andelect an intermediate body of representatives who then play the role of direct voters . Inthis way , the intermediate voters elect members of the Rajya Sabha , Vidhan Parishad ,the President and the Vice-President of India .Q.5 Write a short note on types of elections .

Ans.5 There are three types of Elections :1. General Election2. By-election3. Mid-term ElectionGENERAL ELECTIONGeneral elections are elections which are held generally after a period of five yearsfor electing the members of primary Legislative bodies like the Lok Sabha and theLegislative Assembly .BY-ELECTIONSuch an election is held to fill a vacant seat in Lok Sabha or Vidhan Sabha . Ittakes place when an elected representative resigns , dies or becomes disqualifiedunder parliamentary law . The newly elected representative holds office for theremaining term .MID-TERM ELECTIONSometimes , the Lok Sabha or the Vidhan Sabha may be dissolved before thenormal term of five years is over . A mid-term election is then held to form a newHouse .

Class 9Geography Worksheet-9LANDFORMS OF THE EARTHCONTINUED .PLATEAUSPlateau is an elevated tract of comparatively flat or level land usually having steepslopes falling on the margins abruptly to lower land. It is also known as table land. Thetop surface of a plateau may have plain land or rolling hills. Sometimes these plateaus arehighly dissected by streams or glaciers up to such extent that their original characteristicscan't be recognized easily.TYPES OF PLATEAUSDiastrophic Plateaus: Diastrophism denotes all the processes of the major deformationof the Earth’s crust that produces continents, ocean basins, mountains, etc. All the highestplateaus are the products of diastrophism. Their uplift has been modified by various agentsof gradation or by volcanic action or sometimes by minor earth movements. Plateaus maybe classified on the basis of their origin.1. Intermontane Plateau. These are the highest and most extensive plateaus in theworld. Such plateaus are enclosed by Fold Mountains from all sides and have a greatvariety of topographical features. For example:(a) The Tibetan plateau which is also known as the “Roof of the World” is thehighest plateau, located between Kunlun and the Himalayas.(b) The Anatolian plateau between the Pontic and Taurus mountain in Turkey.(c) The Bolivian plateau is surrounded by Great Andes mountain ranges.(d) The Mexican plateau between the Eastern and Western Sierra Madre.2. Volcanic Plateau. These plateaus are formed by the solidification of successivesheets of lava. For example - Deccan plateau in India, the plateau of Columbia(U.S.A.) which has a thick cover of basalt flow. The Columbian plateau is highlyeroded by river Snake.SIGNIFICANCE OF PLATEAUS1. Most of the plateaus of the world have arid or dry climate so this support fewerinhabitants than the plains.2. Grazing and forestry are the main occupations.3. Deccan plateau in India is rich in minerals so it supports mineral based industries.4. Some large cities like Mexico City, Quito and Bogota, located over 2000 m abovethe sea level are situated on higher plateaus. Here, slightly higher rainfall cansupport more people.

PLAINS A level or gentle undulating land with relatively minor differences inelevation less than 150 m. above the sea level is known as a plain land. Plainsmay be completely level or have gentle rolling topography. They have gradualslopes, extensive flat area with low altitude. They are found in the all types ofclimatic regions. Plains may be formed by internal forces of the Earth as well as external processeslike degradation and heavy deposition are also responsible for the formation. The Great Northern Plain in India (The Ganga Plain) has average elevation of200 m but it is just 6 to 10 m high near the delta region.TYPES OF PLAINSPlains are classified according to their mode of formation. They are of two types:1. Structural Plains.2. Depositional Plains.1. Structural Plains The internal or endogenetic forces of the Earth formed these plains. Theseplains come into existence when the continental shelf emerges due to internalforces of the Earth. These extensive lowlands are bordering all thecontinents. The Malabar coastal plain of Kerala in India is formed by theupliftment of continental shelf. Coastal plains of Belgium, Holland andGermany are also good examples. Sometimes, plains are also formed by structural depressions of extensivelowlands. For example, The Great Siberian Plain of Russia, Great Plains ofU.S.A.2. Depositional PlainsVarious agents of gradation do erosion work in the rocky areas, they transport theeroded material and deposit the load in low lying areas such as depressions, lakes,sea beds. When the deposition of sediments takes place on a large scale, such plainsare formed. They are classified according to the agent of deposition.(a) Alluvial Plains. The plains formed by gradual deposition of alluviumbrought down by streams are known as alluvial plains. They are of threecategories.1. Piedmont alluvial plains as the river leaves mountains and enters the plainregion, the slope of land changes from steep to gentle so it is difficult for the river

to carry its eroded materials (pebbles, boulders, etc.) with it. The river startsdepositing its load at the foothill areas of the mountains and forms PiedmontAlluvial Fans or Plains. In India, it is known as “Bhabar”, which is found alongthe foothill regions of the Himalayas.2. Flood Plains are formed in the middle course of a river where the river flowssluggishly, making meanders. The load turns into fine clay and sand. When riveroverflows its banks during floods, the load is deposited over large areas formingflood plains. For example, the plains of Mississippi, Ganga, Nile, etc.3. Delta plains are formed at the mouth of a river. The river flows very slowly dueto excess of load being carried by it. The large amount of silt is deposited everyyear during floods and the soil gets replenished. Delta plains support agriculture,as they are very fertile. For example, the Ganga - Brahmaputra delta inBangladesh, Hwang-Ho plain in China, Nile delta of Egypt, etc.(b) Glacial Deposits. These Plains are extensive, very fertile and formed by thedeposition of debris or moraines of the glaciers. When the glaciers melt, thedeposits are left over there, which form large plains. Parts of Central NorthAmerica, Western European Plains are the examples of glacial deposits.(c) Lacustrine Plains. These plains are the result of filling of lake beds byheavy deposition of sediments or silt brought by the rivers. The KashmirValleys, the plains of Hungary are some good examples of such planes.(d) Loess Plains- these Plains are formed by the material transported anddeposited by wind noise is very fine dust rich in lime and elevation colour itis carried by wind from baron surfaces of interior parts of the desert anddeposited somewhere else. Example Northwest China and WesternRajasthan.(e) Coastal Plain- these are the result of depositional work done by the seawaves . It forms tidal lowlands coastal swamps etc. Belgium, Netherlandshave such plains.Significance of Plains1. They are the cradles of ancient civilizations.2. Plains made by Alluvial soil deposited by rivers support agriculture.3. Plains are favourable for the development of communication andtransportation facilities so they are densely populated.4. Plains provide most favourable conditions for plant and animal life aswell as human settlement.5. Rivers flowing in the plains are suitable for navigation.6. Planes provide great facilities for trade and manufacturing.

Based upon your reading answer the following questions:1.2.3.4.5.6.7.What are endogenic and exogenic forces?What is a mountain?Give three examples of young fold mountains.What is a plateau?What are plains?What is bhabar? How are they formed?Differentiate: Fold mountain and block mountain Horst and graben

Class 9Physics Worksheet-10Laws of motion1.Newton's Second Law of Motion:The rate of change of linear momentum of a body is directly proportional to the forceapplied to it and the change in momentum takes place in the direction in which the forceis applied.The SI unit of force is newton (N)#Consider a body of mass m having an initial velocity u. The initial momentum of thisbody will be mu. Suppose a force f, acts on this body for time t and causes the finalvelocity to become v. The final momentum will become mv.Now, the change in momentum will be (mv–mu) and the time taken for this change is t.So, according to the 2nd law of motion.F α (mv-mu) / tF α m(v-u) / tBut (v-u)/t represents the change in velocity by the time taken as acceleration ‘a’F α m*aF k*m*aThe value of k in SI values is 1. So the above equation becomes,F m*a orForce mass * acceleration.2. Applications:1.Catching a cricket ballA fielder pulls his hand backwards while catching a cricket ball coming with a greatspeed to reduce the momentum of the ball with a little delay.

2.The case of a high jumperA high jumper is provided with either a cushion or a heap of sand to land on. This is doneto prevent injury to the athlete when he falls.3.Newton's Third Law of Motion:For every action, there is always an equal and opposite reactio

ADJECTIVES COMPARISON OF ADJECTIVES ADJECTIVES:- An adjective is a word that describes a noun or a pronoun. ADJECTIVES- WORD ORDER When we use two or more adjectives to describe a noun, we have to take care of the word order. The position of the adject