A C I D S A N D B A S E S C H 1 6 P A G E Ch 16: Acids .
Acids and Bases Ch 16Page 1Ch 16: Acids and BasesHomework:Read Chapter 16 Work out sample/practice exercises in the sections,Chapter problems: 39, 41, 49, 63, 67, 83, 91, 95, 99, 107, 111, 115, 117, 123, 139Check for the MasteringChemistry.com assignment and complete before due dateAcids, Bases, Salts:Acids, bases and salts are very important and perform many essential functions.Digestive juices (0.1 M HCl; needed to kill bacteria, break down food andactivate enzymes)pH buffers; Households and Industrial usesDrain cleaner (NaOH)fertilizer (NH4NO3)Car battery acid (40% H2SO4)Table salt as a food preservative or for flavor (NaCl)Example 1: Come up with more common acids, bases, or salts and their uses.
Acids and Bases Ch 16A few common acids, their uses and relative strength:A few common bases, their uses and relative strength:Page 2
Acids and Bases Ch 16Page 3Review Electrolytes and Double Displacement Reactions:Electrolytes: Nonelectrolyte: A molecule or substance that remains whole in aqueoussolutions, it cannot split apart. Examples: any insoluble solid, gas (CO2, O2,SO2), and molecules (sugar, CH4, H2O) Weak Electrolyte: An ionic substance that will partially ionize into its separateions in aqueous solution. Examples: Weak acids (HF, HC2H3O2) and Weakbases (NH4OH, CH3NH2 ), and slightly soluble solids (PbCl2) . Partial ionizationis an equilibrium reaction in which the reactant is favored, K 1 ; HF (aq) H 1 (aq) F-1 (aq). Strong Electrolyte: An ionic substance that completely dissociates into its ionsin aqueous solution. Examples: Strong Acids (HCl), Strong Bases (NaOH),Soluble Salts (KBr); K 1; HCl (aq) H 1 (aq) Cl-1 (aq).Titration: Reacting a solution of unknown concentration with a known (standard)concentration, stopping the titration when an indicator (phenolphthalein) changescolor.Example 2:Write the dissociation reactions in the solvent water for the followingsubstances. Strong electrolytes will have ( ), weak electrolytes have ( ), andnonelectrolytes are no reaction (NR).FeCl3 (aq)HNO3 (aq)Sr(OH)2 (aq)CH3OH (aq)HF(aq)
Acids and Bases Ch 16Page 4Double Displacement Reactions:Double Displacement reactions have two ionic reactants. Reactants willexchange ions in making products AB CD AD CBA reaction occurs if a nonelectrolyte (Solid, Liquid (H2O), Gas), or WeakElectrolyte is formed as one or more of the products. If all the reactants and theproducts are strong electrolytes, then no reaction takes place. Review theSolubility Rules.a) Whole or Molecular equation2 AgNO3 (aq) CaCl2 (aq) Ca(NO3)2 (aq) 2 AgCl (s)b) Total Ionic Equation with Spectator Ions2 Ag 1 (aq) 2 NO3-1 (aq) Ca 2 (aq) 2 Cl-1 (aq) Ca 2 (aq) 2 NO3-1 (aq) 2 AgCl (s)c) Net Ionic ReactionAg 1 (aq) Cl-1 (aq) AgCl (s)Example 3:For the Double Displacement reactions, write the whole, total ionic (circlingthe spectator ions) and net ionic equations given the reactants. Identify the type ofreaction as Precipitation, Neutralization, or No Reaction.a) HCl (aq) NaOH (aq)b) NH4OH, same as NH3 (aq) H2S (aq)c) Al(NO3)3 (aq) KCl (aq)d) K2S (aq) Zn(ClO3)2 (aq)
Acids and Bases Ch 16Page 5Review Acids, Bases and Salts :Acids:Properties: Taste Sour Reacts with “active” metals to liberate H2:Zn (s) 2 HCl(aq) H2(g) ZnCl2(aq) Reacts with carbonates to liberate CO2:CaCO3(s) 2HCl(aq) CaCl2(aq) H2O(l) CO2(g) React with bases to form ionic salts (neutralize):NaOH (aq) HCl (aq) NaCl (aq) H2O (l) Conduct electrical current Certain dyes change color with acids (litmus-red) Acids ionize in water to increase the H 1 ion concentrationNomenclature:a) Binary acids, those anions ending in ide: Hydro root ic acid;(HCl), Hydrochloric Acid; (H2S), hydrosulfuric acidb) Ternary oxyacids: if anion ends with ate, root ic acid; (HNO3),nitric acid, if anion ends with ite, root ous acid, (HNO2), nitrousacidBases (also known as alkalis):Properties: Taste bit
Oxy acids or ternary acids have the hydrogen attached to an oxygen atom: Carboxylic acids have COOH group the hydrogen attached to the COO group is acidic: *ADD THE LONE PAIR ELECTRONS TO THE PICTURES OF SULFURIC ACID, NITRIC ACID AND CARBOXYLIC ACID GROUP. Structure of Ba
Texts of Wow Rosh Hashana II 5780 - Congregation Shearith Israel, Atlanta Georgia Wow ׳ג ׳א:׳א תישארב (א) ׃ץרֶָֽאָּהָּ תאֵֵ֥וְּ םִימִַׁ֖שַָּה תאֵֵ֥ םיקִִ֑לֹאֱ ארָָּ֣ Îָּ תישִִׁ֖ארֵ Îְּ(ב) חַורְָּ֣ו ם
Independent Personal Pronouns Personal Pronouns in Hebrew Person, Gender, Number Singular Person, Gender, Number Plural 3ms (he, it) א ִוה 3mp (they) Sֵה ,הַָּ֫ ֵה 3fs (she, it) א O ה 3fp (they) Uֵה , הַָּ֫ ֵה 2ms (you) הָּ תַא2mp (you all) Sֶּ תַא 2fs (you) ְ תַא 2fp (you
akuntansi musyarakah (sak no 106) Ayat tentang Musyarakah (Q.S. 39; 29) لًََّز ãَ åِاَ óِ îَخظَْ ó Þَْ ë Þٍجُزَِ ß ا äًَّ àَط لًَّجُرَ íَ åَ îظُِ Ûاَش
Collectively make tawbah to Allāh S so that you may acquire falāḥ [of this world and the Hereafter]. (24:31) The one who repents also becomes the beloved of Allāh S, Âَْ Èِﺑاﻮَّﺘﻟاَّﺐُّ ßُِ çﻪَّٰﻠﻟانَّاِ Verily, Allāh S loves those who are most repenting. (2:22
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