2018 Pest Control Recommendations - Clemson University
EC 6992018Pest Control Guidelines for ProfessionalTurfgrass ManagersThis publication is also available endations.pdf
12018 Clemson University Pest Control Guidelines for ProfessionalTurfgrass ManagersCompiled and Edited by Dr. Bert McCartyClemson University Turfgrass SpecialistThis guide supplies information on pesticides used for controlling pests in turfgrasses. Use pesticides safely to protect against human injury and harm to the environment.Diagnose your pest problem; select the proper pesticide, if one is needed; follow the label directions; and obey all federal, state, and local pesticide laws and regulations.Because of environmental risks, including water quality and wildlife toxicity and similar concerns, and risks of handling, some pesticides are classified as"RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDES". Such products bear this designation on their label and can be purchased and applied only by certified applicators. All otherpesticides, classified as "GENERAL USE PESTICIDES", can be purchased and applied by anyone.Use of brand names does not imply endorsement of the products or criticism of similar ones not mentioned, but are used herein for convenience only. Mentionof a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the authors.CONTENTSTitlePublication Order InformationPoison Control Center InformationPesticide Application Record FormInsect ControlDisease ControlNematode ControlCarrier Water Quality Influences Pesticide StabilityWeed Identification and ControlManaging Herbicide Resistant WeedsPage234531616670104TitlePlant Growth Retardants Used in Turfgrass ManagementHerbicide and PGR Common and Trade NamesActivated Charcoal for Pesticide DeactivationVegetation Management and Weed Control in Specialty Turf AreasAquatic Weed Control in Irrigation Water SuppliesTank-Mixing ChemicalsPesticide Calibration Formulas and Other Useful InformationMetric System Conversion FactorsPage106112119121136140142147South Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, Clemson UniversityPlant Problem Clinic: For identification of all major turfgrass pests, The Clemson University Commercial Turfgrass Clinic is availablewith excellent resources, diagnostic equipment, and latest control recommendations. More information on this service and how to submitsamples can be found on the following plant-problem/turf-clinic/index.html
2CLEMSON UNIVERSITY TURFGRASS PUBLICATION ORDER INFORMATIONü Diagnosing Turfgrass Problems: A Practical Guideü More Turfgrass and Related Weeds: Beyond the Color Atlasü Designing and Maintaining Bermudagrass Sports Fields in the United States, 2nd edition - EC 698ü Weeds of Southern Turfgrasses - EB 150ü Diseases of Turfgrasses in the Southeast - EB 146ü Pest Management Handbook (vol. 2), Turfgrass and Ornamentals - EC 695ü Sod Production in the Southern United States - EC 702ü Southern Lawns - EC 707Make check or money order payable to the Clemson University or for credit card orders call 864-656-3261 during weekday office hours or orderon-line at: http://www.clemson.edu/psapublishingSend with this order form to:Clemson University Cooperative Extension ServiceBulletin Room, Room 82Poole Agricultural CenterClemson, SC 29634-03111-888-772-2665Other Turfgrass Publicationsü Sports Field Constructionü Best Golf Course ManagementPractices (3rd edition)ü Color Atlas of Turfgrass Weeds(2nd edition)ü Managing Bermudagrass Turfü Weed Control in Turf andOrnamentalsü Applied Soil Physical Properties,Drainage, & Irrigation Strategiesü Best Management Practices forCarolinas Golf Courses70 slide set with narrative on designing, constructing, and maintaining all levels of sports fields.Both are available from: CSSA Headquarters Office, Attn: Book Order Dept., 677 South Segoe Road,Madison, WI 53711-1086, http://www.crops.orgA complete text covering all agronomic practices for managing golf courses with minimum fertilizer andpesticide inputs. Order from www.prenhall.com; Amazon.com; GCSAA.com; or BarnesandNoble.com.1-800-472-7878. ISBN 0-13-088359-X.A complete text covering all major weeds occurring in Turfgrass and Ornamentals. Included are detailedbiology, reproductive means, distribution ranges and control recommendations. ISBN 1-57504-142-1.A complete text concerning Bermudagrass Turf, especially golf greens. ISBN 1-57504-163-4.Order these books from GCSAA.com; Amazon.com; or BarnesandNoble.com.A complete text on turf and ornamental herbicides, their chemistry, mode of action, and control of themost important weeds in each. ISBN 13-978-0-13-159122-6.A complete text on soil physical properties and implementation for commercial turfgrasses settings suchas golf courses and sports fields. The book is available through Springer International Publishing,Switzerland at www.springer.com/us/book/9783319242248.A complete text on construction, watering, fertilizing, cultural practices, and pest management strategiesfor sustainable golf course turf maintenance. http://www.carolinasgcsa.org/default.aspx
3POISON CENTERSRobert G. Bellinger, PhDRetired Professor & Extension Pesticide Safety Education Program CoordinatorPalmetto Poison Center - College of Pharmacy, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SCPoisoning Emergency – anywhere in the US: 1-800-222-1222Emergency (Columbia local):Georgia (Atlanta local):1-404-616-90001-803-777-1117If victim has collapsed or is not breathing, call 911.National Pesticide Information Center (NPIC): 1-800-858-7378For a pesticide chemical emergency or for any pesticide information.E-mail: npic@ace.orst.edu World Wide Web: http://npic.orst.edu/For small pesticide spills: call the manufacturer (see your product label), or the NPIC at 1-800-858-7378.PIP- 43 - Pesticide Recordkeeping Requirements for Commercial & Non-commercial Applicators - In South Carolina,commercial and non-commercial pesticide applicators may be required to maintain records on their pesticide applications under more thanone regulation. http://www.clemson.edu/extension/pest ed/pdfs/pipsheets/pip43comm.pdfPIP- 44 - Pesticide Application Information Disclosure Requirements - In South Carolina, all pesticide applicators are required tomaintain records or display information on their pesticide applications, and often, under more than one regulation.http://www.clemson.edu/extension/pest ed/pdfs/pipsheets/pip44disclos.pdfNote: New Pesticide Category in SC: 12e – Miscellaneous – Limited Herbicide Application. 5 hr recertification required every 5 years.Note: EPA Soil Fumigation Information website: http://www2.epa.gov/soil-fumigantsEPA Region 4 phone number: 800-241-1754
4PESTICIDE APPLICATION RECORDCompany NameCommercial ApplicatorPesticide License CategoryTrade NameLicense NumberActive Ingredient(s) & Formulation% Active Concentration(s) / / ManufacturerRestricted-entry Interval (REI)Lot No.EPA Registration No.Safety Equipment Needed/WornAPPLICATION INFORMATIONApplication Date: Application Start Time:Type of Area TreatedEnd Time: Treated Site LocationTarget Pest(s)Application Rate (e.g, per acre or per 1000 sq. ft.)Gallons Per Acre (GPA)Total Treated AreaAmount of Product Mixed:PerAdditives (Surfactant/Wetting Agent/Crop Oil, etc.)Gallons of Water:RateWEATHER CONDITIONSAir Temperature ( F)Wind DirectionSoil MoistureRelative Humidity (%); First HourDew Present (Y/N); Second HourCloud Cover (%)Initial Wind Velocity (MPH); Soil Temperature at 4 inches (oF); Third HourRainfall/Irrigation after application (date/time/amount)APPLICATION EQUIPMENTMethod of ApplicationNozzle HeightSpeed (MPH)SpacingNontarget Plant, Animal, or Human Exposure: YesMotor Speed (RPM)Nozzle TypeBoom WidthNoSpray Pressure (PSI)(If yes, identify and list corrective or emergency action taken)Other Comments:SignatureNumberDate
5INSECT CONTROLJuang-Horng ‘JC’ ChongResearch and Extension EntomologistContrary to most common beliefs, most insects that occur on turfgrass are not pests. Some, such as parasitic wasps and ground beetles, are in fact beneficial insects that feed on the pestsand reduce damage. Therefore, it is important to identify insects found on turfgrass correctly. An effective integrated pest management (IPM) program takes into consideration the biology,ecology, environment impacts, and all available treatment options. An IPM system is not difficult to adopt. Unbeknown to most turfgrass professionals, they are already utilizing some ofthese elements in making pest management decisions.Insecticide efficacy can be reduced by many environmental and biological factors. Water pH outside the suitable range can quickly degrade insecticides (see Carrier Water QualityInfluences Pesticide Stability in this publication). Some insecticides may persist longer in clay than in sandy loam. Some insecticides may need irrigation after application to penetrate thesoil and kill the insects that live underground. Insects may also develop resistance to one group of insecticides if the same group is applied to the same insect population repeatedly. Rotateamong insecticides of different modes of action in order to delay the development of insecticide resistance. To assist in developing rotation program, an IRAC table is included here.Ants (nuisance ants and red imported fire ants): A large number of ant mounds can interfere with the play on the greens. RIFA is also a medical concern because of their stings.Monitoring: The small mounds made by the nuisance ants on the greens and the large mounds made by the RIFA along the periphery are the tell-tale signs.Treatment: Most ants can be treated by one of the three methods: individual mound treatment, broadcast granules of baits or long-residual toxicants, and a combination of the two methods.Billbug: Adults feed on the leaf blades and deposit eggs in the stem. The larvae, resembles legless white grubs, first bore into the stem and then feed on the rhizomes, roots and crown asthey mature.Monitoring: Adults can often be found crawling on pavement in the spring. Larvae can be found by digging into the yellowing and thinning turf. Grasses fed by the larvae can be easilypulled out from the ground because the roots are consumed. Fine, whitish, saw dust materials often come out of the hollowed stems.Treatment: Recent research indicates that management should target both adults and grubs. Apply insecticides in last spring (May) and fall (September) when adults are observed.Caterpillars (cutworm, fall armyworm and sod webworm): Fall armyworm begins to appear in June while cutworms and sod webworms often begin to appear in the spring.Monitoring: Conduct soap flush (1-2 fl oz detergent per gallon water) to determine the species and size. Frequent congregations of birds and paper wasps also can indicate infestations.Treatments are most effective against small caterpillars; therefore, it is crucial to determine size through soap flush. Treat when needed. Do not irrigate within 24 hours after application.Chinch bug: Southern chinch bug is the major pest of St. Augustinegrass, often create yellowing or dead patches in the hot, dry days. Thick thatch often accentuates infestations.Monitoring: Two floatation methods can be used to monitor chinch bug population: 1) insert a large PVC pipe or cut-out coffee can deep into the turf and pour in tap water, or 2) cut apiece of sod and flood it inside a container with tap water. Chinch bugs will float to the top and can be counted.Treatment: Established treatment threshold is 25-30 chinch bugs per sq ft. A high volume spray (minimum of 50 gal/acre) will be needed to deliver the chemicals into the thatch for control.Earthworm: Although usually considered beneficial, earthworm can still interfere with play by pushing a large number of castings onto the greens. No control is recommended.Mole cricket: Tawny and southern mole crickets create tunnels and expose the grass roots to desiccation. Adult flight occurs in April to June. Egg hatch occurs from June through July.Monitoring: Check for tunnels. Soap flush (1-2 fl oz lemon scented detergent per gallon water) in areas large numbers of tunnels can capture the mole crickets and determine body sizes.Treatment: Treatment of young nymphs in June and July is more effective than treatment of adults in spring and larger nymphs in the fall. When contact insecticides are used, irrigate afterapplication can help to push the insecticides into the soil.White grubs: White grubs feed on the roots of turfgrass. Infested turf turns yellow and wilt. Severe infested turf feels spongy under foot and often fall apart when cut or lifted.Monitoring: Remove sod from the ground and carefully inspect root zone for the grubs. Treat when more than 7-10 grubs are found in 1 sq ft of sod.Treatment: Preventive treatment of young white grubs in May to June using long residual insecticides (such as neonicotinoids and diamides) is more effective than curative treatment oflarger grubs in July and August (using organophosphate insecticides). Because the grubs live deep underground, the insecticides have to be irrigated in after application.Biology and management information of the above mentioned and other pests of turfgrass are listed in the table.
6Common Turf Insecticides Listed by IRAC Classification, Chemical Classes and MOAIRAC GroupMode of Action1AChemical ClassesCarbamatesAcetylcholine esterase inhibitors1B2BOrganophosphatesGABA-gated chloride channel antagonistsFipronilSodium channel modulatorsPyrethroids4ANicotinic acetylcholine receptor agonists/antagonistsNeonicotinoids567A7CNicotinic acetylcholine allosteric activatorChloride channel activatorsSpinosynsAvermectinsJunevile hormone analoguesPyriproxyfen11AMicrobial disruptors of insect midgut membranesBacillus thuringiensis18A20Ecdysone agonists.molting disruptorsMitochondrial complex III electron transport MetaflumizoneTetronic and tetramic acidderivatives3Juvenile hormone mimics22Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers23Inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylaseActive thiontrichlorfonfipronilbifenthrincyfluthrin, B.t. subsp. aizawaiB.t. subsp. galleriaeB.t. subsp. umizoneTrade Name1Carbaryl, Duocide2, Sevin, etc.Lannate, etc.Acephate, Avatar2, Orthene, Precise, etc.Chlorpyrifos, Dursban, Lorsban, etc.MalathionDyloxTopChoice, Taurus Trio2Allectus2, Aloft2, Onyx, Talstar, Bifen, etc.TempoDemon, Fendona, Mustang, Triple Crown2Deltagard, SuspendLambda, Battle, Demand, Scimitar, Tandem2Astro, Permethrin, Prelude, etc.Arena, Aloft2ZylamAllectus2, Imidacloprid, Merit, Mallet, etc.Cravan G2, Meridian, Tandem2ConserveAvid, Award II fire ant baitFirestrike2, Extinguish, Extinguish Plus2Distance Fire Ant BaitXentarigrubGONE! GBiobit, Crymax, Dipel, Juvelin, LepinoxMach 2Amdro Firestrike2, Extinguish Plus2, SiegeProAdvion fire ant bait, ProvauntSiesta fire ant liproleAzadirachtinazadirachtinunUnknown MOADicofoldicofolBacillus popillaeBacteriaChromobacterium subtsugaeSteinernema anducUnclassified: PathogensNematodesHeterorhabditis spp.Beauveria bassianaFungiMetarhizium anisopliae1Trade names are provided as examples only. No endorsement of products is intended, nor is criticism of unnamed products implied.2These are combination products with two or more active ingredients.Read pesticide labels and follow label instructions and precautions when handling, mixing, applying and storing pesticides.28Ryanodine receptor modulatorDiamidesAcelyprynFerenceAzatin O, Azatrol, Molt-X, OrnazinDicofol 4EMilky spore powderGrandevo PTOMillenium, BioVector, NemaShieldBotanigard, NaturalisMet52, Tick-Ex
7INSECT PEST CONTROLPestAnnualbluegrass weevil(adults)Pesticide CommonNamePesticide Trade Name andFormulation1Pest Biology, Symptoms, Cultural Practices, and Comments0.27 fl ozThe annual bluegrass weevil is a serious pest of bluegrass (and ocassionally bentgrassand perennial ryegrass) in the Northeast since the 1930s. Its pest status was elevatedwhen resistance to pyrethroids was detected. In 2008, the first infestation in theCarolinas was detected on a golf course near Asheville. The distribution of the annualbluegrass weevil is still restricted to western North Carolina, and substantial damage hasnot been widely reported.beta-cyfluthrinTempo Ultra GCbifenthrinOnyxPro0.08 to 0.16 fl ozTalstar GC Flowable0.25 to 0.5 fl ozTaslstar GC Granular, EZchlorpyrifosDursban 50WChlopyrifos 4E AGclothianidin bifenthrinAloft GC G, Aloft LC GAloft GC SC, Aloft LC SClambda-cyhalothrinScimitar GC, CSdeltamethrinSuspend SCimidacloprid bifenthrinAllectus GAllectus GC SCindoxacarbProvauntmineral oilCivitas, Civitas Turf DefencespinosadConserve SCthiamethoxam lambdacyhalothrintrichlorfonAnnualbluegrass weevil(grubs)Rate/1,000 sq. ft.zeta-cypermethrin bifenthrinzeta-cypermethrin bifenthrin imidaclopridacephate nTandemDylox 420 SL4 lb/acre1.5 fl oz1.8 to 3.6 lb0.27 50 0.54 fl oz7 ml0.6 to 0.9 fl oz1.7 to 2.9 lb0.9 to 1.65 fl oz0.275 oz8 to 16 fl oz1.2 fl oz14 to 18 fl oz/acre6.9 fl ozTalstar Xtra GC, Xtra G1.15 to 2.3 lbTriple Crown Golf, T&O0.23 to 0.46Avatar PLXSevin SLSevin 7GAcelepryn1.47 to 2.94 oz6 fl oz3 lbs0.275 to 0.46 fl ozAcelepryn G1.72 to 2.3 lbArena 0.25 G80 to 160 lb/acreArena 50 WDGclothianidin bifenthrin1.15 to 2.3 lbAloft GC G, Aloft LC GAloft GC SC, Aloft LC SC0.14 to 0.29 oz1.8 to 3.6 lbs0.27 50 0.54 fl ozcyantraniliproleFerencedinotefuranZylam 20 SG1 ozZylam Liquid1.8 fl ozimidaclopridMerit 2FMerit 0.5G0.275 to 0.459 fl oz0.46 to 0.6 fl oz1.4 to 1.8 lbAn adult annual bluegrass weevil looks similar to an adult billbug. They can bedistinguished from billbugs by their antennae that araised from the tip of the snout.Larvae of the annual bluegrass weevils and billbugs are difficult to distinguish.Adults feed on grass blades, and larvae feed on stems, crowns and roots. There are twoor three generations per year. Damage threshold are considered to be 30-80 larvae per sqft for the spring generation and 20-40 larvae per sq ft for the summer generation.Adults are typicaly controlled in the spring, soon after Forsythia achieves full bloom andflowering dogwood achieves full bract. The second generation can be controlled in lateJune to early July. Apply adulticides to the thatch layer in grrens, collars, tees andfairway perimeters. Larvicides are typically applied 2 weeks to 1 months after adultactivity is observed.
8INSECT PEST CONTROLPestPesticide CommonNameimidacloprid bifenthrinPesticide Trade Name andFormulation1Allectus GAllectus GC SC1.7 to 2.9 lbProvaunt0.275 ozspinosadConserve SC1.2 fl ozzeta-cypermethrin bifenthrin imidaclopridTandemDylox 420 SL14 to 18 fl oz/acre5.2 to 6.9 fl ozDylox 6.2 Granular3 lbTriple Crown Golf0.57 to 0.8 fl ozacephateacephate imidaclopridOrthene TT&O 75 and 97Avatar PLX1.5 oz/5 galalpha-cypermethirnFendona CS0.5 to 1 fl ozbifenthrin2Onyx0.07 to 0.15 fl ozOnyxPro0.16 to 0.32 fl ozTalstar EZ Golf , GC Gran, PLTalstar GC Flowable, Talstar Onebifenthrin lambdacyhalothrin fipronilbifenthrin zetacypermethrin imidaclopridbifenthrin zetacypermethrincarbarylTaurus Trio GTriple Crown T&OTalstar XTRA GC GranularSevin 5 BaitSevin 10GSevin 80 WSPSevin SLchlorpyrifosclothianidin2.3 to 4.6 lbs0.25 to 1.0 fl oz0.46-0.80 fl oz2.3 to 4.6 lb11 oz1.4 to 1.9 lbs2.5 to5.0 lb/acre1.5 fl ozAloft GC G, LC GCheck labels of Sevin products for site restrictions.1.5 to 3 fl oz2 lb/acreAloft GC SC, LC SCIn most cases ants serve as predators of turfgrass pests and competitors to red importedfire ants. Ants become a nuisance when they build up to a high number, invadebuildings and equipments, and build mounds that interfere with the smoothness of thegreens. Species identification and an understanding of ant biology are critical in decidingwhere to treat and what to treat with, especially when baits are used. Ants are verysusceptible to insecticide treatments, but relief of the problem seldom occurs unless thecolony itself is eliminated. Sap-sucking insects (such as aphids, mealybugs, scale insectsand leafhoppers) on nearby vegetations or landscape ornamentals should be controlled toreduce their attraction to the honeydew-seeking ants.2 lbDursban PROArena .5Gclothinidin bifenthrin1.2 to 1.6 oz/gal, see labelDursban 50WArena .25GPest Biology, Symptoms, Cultural Practices, and Comments0.9 to 1.65 fl ozindoxacarbthiamethoxam lambdacyhalothrintrichlorfonAnts, NuisanceRate/1,000 sq. ft.Dursban PRO is for uses on golf courses, road medians, and industrial plants sites only.Dursban 50W can also be used on sod farms and seed productions.1.84 to 3.67 lbs1.0 to 1.8 lbs11.65 to 23.3 fl oz, see label80 to 160 lbs, see labelcyfluthrinTempo (various formulations)cypermethrinDemon Max0.5 fl oz/galDemon WP0.33 oz/galSee labelUse GC formulation of Aloft for golf course and sod farms. Use LC formulation of Aloftfor residential and commercial lawns, parks, recreational areas, and athletic fields.Check label for site restrictions.Demon is for lawn and landscape uses.
9INSECT PEST CONTROLPestPesticide CommonNamedeltamethrinPesticide Trade Name andFormulation1Rate/1,000 sq. ft.DeltaGard GC, DeltaGard T&O0.4 to 0.6 fl ozDeltaGard G, DeltaGard GC Granfipronil2 to 3 lbsChipco TopChoice2 lbsChipco Choice4.6 ozMaxforce Carpenter Ant Bait Gelhydramethylnon (bait)imidacloprid bifenthrinindoxacarbiron phosphate spinosadlambda-cyhalothrins-methoprene hydramethylnonpermethrinPest Biology, Symptoms, Cultural Practices, and CommentsDeltaGard is for lawns, recreational areas and athletic fields. Use GC formulation forgolf courses and sod farms.Broadcast or slit applications. Provide 3 months control. Not for pasture and grazinglands. Check label for buffer zone and yearly application limit requirements.See labelAmdro Pro1 to 1.5 lbs/acreAllectus G, Allectus GC Gran1.7 to 2.9 lbsAllectus SC, Allectus GC SC1.32 to 1.65 fl ozAdvion Fire Ant Bait1.5 lb/acreAdvion Insect Granule1.15 to 4.6 lbsAntixx Plus0.23 to 1 lbDemand EZ13.6 to 28 mlDemand G2 to 3 lbsDemand CS, Scimitar GC and CS3.4 to 7 mlExtinguish Plus Fire Ant Bait1.5 lbs/acreFor fire ants, big-headed ants, and harvester ants.Use GC formulation of Allectus on golf courses and sod farms.For fire ants, big-headed ants, and pavement ants.Demand and Scimitar for use on lawns, recreational areas and athletic fields. GCformulation also for gold course and sod farm uses.For fire ants, native ants, big-headed ants, harvester ants, and Argentine ants.Astro0.4 to 0.8 fl ozAstro is for use on lawns, recreational areas and athletic fields.pyriproxyfenDistance Fire Ant Bait1 to 1.5 lbs/acreFor fire ants and big-headed ants.thiamethoxam azoxystrobinCaravan GAnts, RedImported Fire2 to 2.8 lbsMound treatment and Broadcast insecticideacephateOrthene TT&O 97Drench: 0.2 oz/gal/moundDry: 1-2 teaspoons/moundDrench: 0.15 oz/gal/moundacephate imidaclopridAvatar PLXDrench: 0.3 oz/gal/moundalpha-cypermethrinFendona CSOnyx ProBroadcast: 0.16 to 0.32 fl ozbifenthrinOrthene TT&O 752Talstar EZ Golf, Talstar GC GranBroadcast: 2.3 to 4.6 lbsTalstar GC Flowable, Talstar OneBroadcast: 0.5 to 1.0 fl ozDrench: 1 teaspoon/gal/moundBroadcast: 1.0 fl ozDrench: 1 teaspoon/gal/moundTalstar Fbifenthrin lambdacyhalothrin fipronilbifenthrin zetacypermethrinBroadcast: 0.5-1 fl ozTaurus Trio GTalstar XTRA GC GranularBroadcast: 2 lb/1000 sq ftMound: 2.3 to 4.6 lbsThe Red Imported Fire Ant (RIFA) found in South Carolina is an invasive species.Movement of soil and plant materials is regulated by a federal quarantine. If shipmentof soil, sods or plant crops outside of the quarantine area is intended seehttp://www.aphis.usda.gov/oa/pubs/ifapub.pdf for regulations on the specific treatmentsrequired by USDA-APHIS, or consult with the SC Department of Plant Industry.Chemicals for RIFA management can be broken into three categories: Individual moundtreatments, broadcast bait treatments and broadcast insecticide treatments.Individual mound treatments (e.g., liquid drenches or granules) are fairly fast acting, butonly work to kill the mounds that are directly treated. They are most appropriate foreliminating individual mounds that present a hazard or as clean-up treatments. They arenot effective as a management strategy for reducing the RIFA population in an area.Broadcast bait treatments are more effective in reducing the population in a given area.The speed at which the baits reduce mound numbers differs by products. Some areslower acting and no results will be noticed for three or four weeks. More recentlyintroduced products act faster. Baits will most likely need to be applied in the spring andfall. Most baits are applied at a rate of 1 to 1.5 lbs per acre. The key to success withRIFA bait products is to broadcast the material when the ants are foraging since most ofthe products breakdown quickly in sunlight and water. Foraging activity is regulated bysurface soil temperatures. RIFA forage when soil temperature reaches above 65oF. The
10INSECT PEST CONTROLPestPesticide CommonNamePesticide Trade Name andFormulation1Rate/1,000 sq. ft.Pest Biology, Symptoms, Cultural Practices, and Commentsbifenthrin zetacypermethrin imidaclopridTriple Crown T&OcarbarylSevin 10GBroadcast: 1 to 1.9 oz/moundbest way to determine if ants are actively foraging is to place a small amount of test baitin the area to be treated. If RIFA hit the bait within 30 minutes then it is a good time touse the baits.chlorpyrifosDursban 50WBroadcast: 2 lbs/acreSod Broadcast: 16 lbs/acreDrench: 0.05 lb/gal/moundBroadcast: 1.5 fl ozDrench: 0.5 fl oz/gal/moundBroadcast: 0.27 fl ozBroadcast insecticide treatments are recommended for high use areas with zero tolerancefor RIFA. Most of these applications are relatively expensive and therefore costprohibitive in large areas. The advantage of the broadcast granular products is the highlevel of control that can be achieved. They are also relatively easy to use and can go outat any time of the year. Most of the products can give up to twelve months of control.To achieve good control, the product should be applied evenly and thoroughly to coverall areas to be treated.Dursban PROcyfluthrinTempo Ultra SC, Tempo Ultra GCTempo 20 WP, Tempo Ultra WPBroadcast: 10 gramsTempo 20 WP GC, Power Pak1 packet/7,800 sq. ft.Tempo 20 WSPdeltamethrinDeltaGard GC, DeltaGard T&ODeltaGard G, DeltaGard GC Granfipronilimidacloprid bifenthrin1 packet/5,000 sq. ft.Drench: 1.5 fl oz/gal/moundBroadcast: 2 to 3 lbsChipco TopChoiceBroadcast: 2 lbsChipco ChoiceBroadcast: 4.6 ozAllectus G, Allectus GC GranAllectus SC, Allectus GC SClambda-cyhalothrinBroadcast: 0.46-0.80 fl ozDemand EZDemand CS, Scimitar CSpermethrinAstrospinosadConserve SCthiamethoxamMeridian 25WGthiamethoxam lambdacyhalothrinTandemBroadcast: 2.9 to 5.7 lbsDry: 0.5 cup/moundBroadcast: 1.32 to 1.65 fl ozSC Drench: 1/3 fl oz/gal/moundGC Drench: 2/3 fl oz/gal/moundBroadcast: 13.6 to 28 mlCombinations of IMT, bait, and/or granular broadcast treatments based upon the needsof the site are likely to produce better results than the use of a single chemical or strategyalone. The ‘two-step’ program is a combination of both broadcast bait and individualmound treatments, which is suitable for large and medium-sized area at a moderate cost.First step involves broadcasting slow-acting baits in the spring and/or fall, when theRIFA is actively foraging. Then individual RIFA mounds can be treated individuallywith a fast-acting contact insecticide in step two. This shortcoming of this treatmentprogram is the relatively long time required before an overall reduction in the RIFApopulation and mounds will be observed.Check label of individual insecticide for information on site uses, application method,yearly application limit and buffer zone restrictions.Broadcast: 3.4 to 7 mlBroadcast: 0.4 to 0.8 fl ozDrench: 0.1 fl oz/gal/moundDrench: 1 to 3 oz/100 gal,2-3 gal/moundBroadcast: 14-28 fl oz/acreBroadcast baitsabamectinAward II Fire Ant BaithydramethylnonindoxacarbAmdro Pro Fire Ant BaitSiegePro Fire Ant BaitAdvion Fire Ant Baits-methopreneExtinguishmetaflumizoneSiesta Fire Ant BaitBroadcast: 1 lb/acreMound: 5 to 7 tbsp/moundBroadcast: 1 to 1.5 lbs/acreMound: 2 to 5 tbsp/moundBroadcast: 1.5 lb/acreMound: 4 tablespoons/moundBroadcast: 1 to 1.5 lbs/acreMound: 3 to 5 tbsp/moundMound: 1-2 oz/moundMany baits also control other nuisance ant, such as harvester ants and big-headed ants.Check label for specific instructions.Not for use on sod farms. Do not exceed 4 applications per year.Mix with other baits.
11INSECT PEST CONTROLPestPesticide CommonNamePesticide Trade Name andFormulation1Rate/1,000 sq. ft.Pest Biology, Symptoms, Cultural Practices, and CommentsBroadcast: 1-1.5 lbs/acreBillbugs(adults)methoprene hydramethylnonpyriproxyfenExtinguish Plus Fire Ant BaitspinosadJustice Fire Ant Baitalpha-cypermethrinFendona CSbeta-cyfluthrinTempo Ultra GC0.27 fl ozbifenthrin2Onyx, OnyxPro0.07 to 0.16 fl oz, see labelsbifenthrin zetacypermethrin imidaclopridcarbarylchlorpyrifosDistance Fire Ant Bait1.15 to 2.3 lbsTalstar GC Flowable, One, F0.25 to 0.5 fl ozTriple Crown T&O0.23-0.46 fl ozSevin 10G1.4 to 1.9 lbsDursban 50W2 to 4 lbs/acreAloft GC SC, LC SCAloft GC G, LC GcyfluthrinTempo (various SC formulation)Tempo 20 WSP, Power PakdeltamethrinDeltaGard GC, DeltaGard T&ODeltaGard GC Gran, DeltaGard Gimidacloprid bifenthrinlambda-cyhalothrinAllectus G, Allectus GC GranBillbugs(grubs)1.5 fl oz11.65 to 23.3 fl oz, see label80 to 160 lbs, see labelsee label1 packet/5,000 to 7,800 sq. ft.0.9 to 1.65 fl ozDemand EZ28 mlDemand G3 to 4 l
Managing Herbicide Resistant Weeds 104 South Carolina Cooperative Extension Service, Clemson University Plant Problem Clinic: For identification of all major turfgrass pests, The Clemson University Commercial Turfgrass Clinic is available with excellent resources, diagnostic equipment, and latest control recommendations.
Product: Clemson Ice Cream (variety of flavors) Page: 4 of 45 Plant Name: Clemson's '55 Exchange Creamery Issue Date: 12/9/2016 Address: Newman Hall, Clemson, SC 29634 Supersedes: N/A Product Description Product Name(s) Clemson Ice Cream (Variety of Flavors) Product Description, including important food safety characteristics Clemson Ice Cream is a frozen, ready-to-eat dessert that is
pest from causing more damage than is reasonable to accept. Even though a pest is present, it may not do very much harm. It could cost more to control the pest than would be lost because of the pest's damage. The three main objectives of pest control are: prevention—keeping a pest from becoming a problem, suppression—reducing pest
1 ft 304.8 mm 30.48 cm . 1 yd 914.4 mm 91.44 cm 0.914 m . 1 mi 1,609m 1.61 km . . The Pest Management Handbook is a set of recommendations developed by Clemson University Extension pest . effectively control the pest of concern, avoid excessive crop injury, and minimize chemical costs and harm to
insect infestations, and notify management when dead rodents and or birds are found. b) Management should immediately contact the pest management provider for assistance. 1.3.1. Pest Sighting Log a) Maintain a Pest Sightings Log which informs the pest control service technician of pest sightings or pest activity in the facility.
with the 2013 football season. The new Clemson wordmark was boldly displayed in the end zone as Clemson defeated Georgia 38-35 to kickoff the season. In the spring of 2014, Clemson Athletics unveiled the overall Style and Brand Guidelines to the entire Athletic Department and also distributed it for use by all Clemson licensees to place on products
CAA Brand Guidelines . 3. CU BRAND POLICY / ARCHITECTURE. In order to protect use of the name "Clemson University," the wordmark, the seal and University tiger designed in 1995, the academic logo designed . in 2009, and other official subordinate graphic symbols, the Clemson . University Board of Trustees has determined that the name "Clemson
method of approach to pest control is not feasible. Hence, we have to form an integrated approach in pest management. IPM. Integrated Pest Management is an ecological approach in which utilization of all available techniques of pest control to reduce and maintain the pest population at levels below economic injury level _.
o Additif alimentaire. 41 Intrants alimentaires: o Matière première : matière unique ou principale soumise à la transformation Unique : blé en minoterie, betterave ou canne en sucrerie Principale en volume : lait pour le yaourt, eau pour les boissons gazeuses Principale en valeur : sucre pour les boissons gazeuses 1. Chapitre introductif 1.4- Intrants et produits des IAA. 42 o Ingrédient .
