PERPUSTAKAAN UMP 1 I 1111111111111111111111111111111111111 I

PERPUSTAKAAN UMP1 I 1111111111111111111111111111111111111 i0000092732LIFT STRUCTURIILL rLdiiN )UNL) VI)1U1N ruK iWLEJ KEDIAMAN TIGAUNIVERSITI MALAYSIA PAl-lANGSITI NORASHIKIN BINTI YUSOFF(AAO9 185)Thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirementsfor the award of the degree ofBachelor Civil EngineeringFaculty of Civil Engineering and Earth ResourcesUniversiti Malaysia PahangJANUARY 2013

VIn Malaysia, the lift will normally be built in the building that has five or more thanfive floors. Kolej KediamanTiga of Universiti Malaysia Pahang that are here are justfour floors, the norm on new student registration will normally be delivery problemsarise if the student can be placed in high benchmark suite. The main focus is thedesign of building lifts. In the design of this lift, one part to consider is the formachine room slab. Where machine room slab must be designed to carry the loadright. After the need to design an appropriate wall to and also to design a suitabletype of foundation based on the type of soil and the burden borne by the elevatorbuilding. All these structures are designed and analyzed using the Esteem software.

viABSTRAKDalam Malaysia, hf kebiasaannya akan dibina dalam bangunan yang mempunyailima ataulebihdari lima tmgkat. Di Kolej KediamanTigaUniversiti Malaysia Pahangbangunan yang terdapat di sini adalah hanya empat tingkat, kebiasaannya path hanpendafiaran pelajar baru kebiasaannya akan timbul masalah penghantaran barangjika pelajar tersebut dapat di tempatkan di bihik yang aras tinggi. Fokus utamaadalah merekabentuk bangunan hf. Dalam rekabentuk hf mi, satu bahagian yangperlu dipertimbangkan ialah lantai untuk bilik mesin lifditempatkan. Di mana lantaibilik mesin perlu direka untuk menanggung beban yang sesuai. Selepas itu perlumerekabentuk dinding yang sesuai dan juga merekabentuk jenis asas yang sesuaiberdasarkan jenis tanah dan juga beban yang ditanggung oleb bangunan hf tersebut.Semua struktur mi direka dan dianahisia dengan menggunakan software Esteem.

VIITABLE OF CONTENTSPageSUPERVISOR'S DECLARATIONiiSTUDENT'S TABLE OF CONTENTSviiLIST OF TABLESxLIST OF FIGURESxiLIST OF ABBREVIATIONSxiiCHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1Introduction11.2Problem Statement21.3Objectives21.4Scope of study21.5Expected Outcome31.6Summary3CHAPTER 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1Introduction42.2Literature review52.3Summary10

VIIICIIAPTER3METHODOLOGY3.1Introduction113.2Flow of works123.3Design criteria of plan building used133.3.1Self-Design Lift Core133.3.2System Considered and Motions Used in Analysis143.43.53.6Manual design143.4.1Loading143.4.2Limit State153.4.3Design of slab for machine room153.4.4Design of lift core shear wall153.4.5Design of lift core foundation163.4.5.1Mackintosh Probe163.4.5.2Pile Foundation16Esteem software design173.5.1Input of Key plan193.5.2All floor data complete193.5.3Slab analysis193.5.4RC wall key plan193.5.5Beam Analysis193.5.63D Frame Element & Analysis203.5.7Design Beam203.5.8Pile Footing203.5.9Finalized design20Flow diagram213.6.1Identifying the problem statement213.6.2Simplifying the system213.6.3Choosing the best models223.6.4Defining the most realistic load boundaries22

Ix3.6.53.7Starting the calculations2222SummaryRESULT AND ANALYSISCHAPTER 44.1Introduction234.2Structural Elements234.3Design criteria244.4Design Calculation274.54.3.1Design of machine room slab274.3.2Design of shear wall284.3.3Foundation design334.3.3.1 Pile footing detailed design calculation35Summary37CHAPTER 5 CONCLUSIONS AND 9REFERENCES40APPENDICESAKey Plan41BFoundation Plan42CShear Wall Plan43DDesign Calculation44

xLIST OF TABLETable No.2.1Literature on lift slab structure instability during construction2.2Improving the safety and efficiency of materials transfer at aPage5construction site by using an elevator62.3Design of the tallest reinforced concrete structure in California72.4KONE solutions for building without an elevator82.5A composite structural steel and concrete beam for buildingfloor systems93.1Properties that Used in the Design134.1Design criteria254.2Detail design of machine room slab274.3Detail design of shear wall284.4Cut section of wall design294.5Plan of lift core structural elements304.6Elevation lift core structural elements314.7Summary of column loading344.8Summary of wall loading344.9Summary of total loading344.10Design parameter of the pile footing354.11Foundation reinforcement schedule354.12Design summary37

xiLIST OF FIGURESFigure No.Page3.1Project Flow Chart123.2Project Esteem software Flow Chart183.3Methodology project214.1Location of the lift core244.2Key plan using Esteem software244.3Lift mechanical structural264.4Detail of top and bottom of machine room slab274.5Mackintosh Probe result334.6Horizontal section Lift Core pile cap364.7Vertical section Lift Core pile cap36

XIILIST OF ABBREVIATIONSSMRFSpecial moment resisting framesBSBritish StandardUBBLUniform Building by LawRCReinforcement Concrete3DThree dimensionsFEMFinite Element analysis

CHAPTER 1INTRODUCTION1.1 INTRODUCTIONAn elevator can be considering as a transport device used to move goods orgoods or people vertically in a building. In British English, lifts are known morecommonly as lift. Lift is a kind of system in building to move people upward anddownward vertically at height building. In Malaysia, usually lifts will be built inbuildings with five or more than five floors this means moving for disabled people inbuildings less than five storeys is limited. With that, came the one idea to design andanalyze a lift. Design structure lift is to know the suitable the material and designstructures lift. The advantage concrete compare steel is the durability concreteishigh strength, a fire barrier and resistant to abrasion.Even though we know most of the lift core is made of steel and is easy toinstall ready but there are also drawbacks. Steel systems will often utilize bar joiststo support the floor structure, however, they too have rather low span-to-depth ratios.One of the major deficiencies of steel structures is that they have low fire-resistancecharacteristics and require the use of special partitions or fireproofing methods.Steel structures typically will employ frames to resist the applied lateral loads, whichallow the architect much more flexibility over a shear wall system when designingthe layout and functionality of the building. Additionally, steel is much lighter thanconcrete and this saves on erection costs. Steel also the ration strength or weighthigh, weakness at high temperatures and easy to rust.

21.2 PROBLEM STATEMENTNormally the building height of more than five levels in Malaysia has a liftsystem to facilitate the move of these people. However, this facility is not providedin the building with less than five stages. At University Malaysia PahangKolejKediamanTiga(KK3) have only four levels and no lift. During the beginningof every semester, new students are struggling to carry their belongings to the upperbuilding floors and worst disable persons have no means at all to move up and downof high storey buildings at Universiti Malaysia Pahang (UMP). The lift is for usedisable people to move between the levels. It easier to use lift every time for newstudent registration and also at the end of the learning session.1.3 OBJECTIVEBelow are the main purposes for conducting this study:1. To demonstrate and to veril' the concept of lift core design.2. To determine the fundamental aspects of lift design with case study for liftstructure for KolejKediamanTiga (KK3) Umversiti Malaysia Pahang.1.4 SCOPE OF STUDYStudy scope has been set in this study as a guideline to achieve theobjectives. The research scopes are:To planning and design structure of lift or core lift as vertical transport,firstly finding detail information about studying the lift already exists in manybuildings today. Then, decide the loading and design a suitable structure of lift basedon the objective, which is to design structureof lift and then continue with analysison

3the sustainable structure of lift.The core lift is designed by using ESTEEM structuralsoftware 6.2.5.8 to select suitable slab, shear wall and foundation. The structure isanalyzed dynamically only in linear range and is in the form 3-D spaced frame. Thefoundation is fixed to the ground and soil interaction is neglected. After that verifythe result by manual calculation and lastly prepare structural layout plan.1.5 Expected OutcomeThis research produce how to design a structure of lift or lift core thatsuitable for KolejKediamanTiga (KK3) using Esteem software.1.6 Chapter SummaryThe focus of this study, the problem and the concept to solve the problemwill be discussed. This chapter is all about the problem statement that want to solvethe problem so before to settle this problem we must to objective. In this chapter itwas proposed that scope of study to use Esteem structure software and manualcalculation.In the next chapter, a review of the literature related to this project isundertaken.

CHAPTER 2LITERATURE REVIEW2.1IntroductionLiterature review is where information on particular area was discussed. It is thesummarization and also the synthesizing of research sources without adding any new ideas intothese sources. Information obtained from various sources is very important for theunderstanding and also as groundwork of background of a conducted study. In this chapter, theplanning and design core lift will be discussed using ESTEEM software. EsteemPlus (version6.6) integrates with the advanced Finite Element auto-modeling to make 3-D analysis, design,detailing, drafting and quantity take-off for reinforced concrete building structural system. Byintegrating user-friendly GUI, EsteemPlus easily generates a comprehensive and accurate outputof every slab, beam, column, shear wall, liftcore, pad and pile footing of the whole structure withminimum time and effort.

Table 2.1:Literature on lift slab structure instability during constructionProblemStatementLift slabstructuresare one ofthe mostefficient andeconomicways ofconstruction.However,the unstablecondition ofsuchstructures,during theconstructionstages, hascaused somedisasters,such as thecollapse ofL'AmbianeePlaza inBridgeport,CT, whichkilled 28workers.Study! ProjectObjectivesTo find a solutionfor the unstablecondition of thestructure duringconstruction, toprotect thisvaluable andefficientconstructionmethod frombecoming extinctStudy/Project MethodologyData Collection /Experimental SetupDuring the construction, theslabs are lifted by hydraulicjacks, parked at intermediatepositions along the height ofthe columns.The lower slab is usuallyparked at its final position,while the rest are parkedabove it at differentlocations,The lifting process continueswhile the workers work atthe lower levels to fullyintegrate the slabs with thecolumns.In the mean time at theground levelthe concrete shear walls arepoured, after the columnsare hilly integrated at onelevel above, to give thestructure the much moreneeded rigidityResults & AnalysisConclusion&RecommendationReferenceThe formulais easy toapplynumericallyand accurateenough toindicate thata specificstage ofconstructionis stable ornotM. Rusk. 2000.Lift slab structuresinstability duringconstruction.United State:American Societyof CivilEngineers.FJ4h'{Case studies onprevious projects.Carry out todevelop amathematicalmodel it wasnecessary todescribe theconstructionprocess and itsstages. is the criticalload;h is the height ofthe columns thetop of the concreteshear walls to thecenter of thehighest parkedgroup of slabs;hi is the height ofthe columns fromthe top of theshear walls to thecenter of parkedslabs at level I;El are themodulus ofelasticity andtotal moment ofinertia of thecolumns]