WASHRAG TM Volume 6 Issue 11 - N3sh

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WASHRAGTMWireless Association of South Hillswww.washarc.orgVolume 6 Issue 11November 2004N3SHWA3SHNP2SH/BFCC Releases BPL R&ONEWINGTON, CT, October 28, 2004 — The FCC today released the full BPLReport and Order it adopted just two weeks ago. While extolling the purportedbenefits of broadband over power line technology, the 81-page document alsodeclares the FCC's intention to "protect licensed services from harmfulinterference." In line with remarks made at the October 14 open meetingwhere the FCC adopted the R&O--then still in draft form--the FCC will requireBPL operators to address and resolve all valid interference complaints. Itdeclined, however, to reduce the Part 15 radiated emission limit for BPLsystems, maintaining that emissions from BPL systems are very localized andat low enough levels to preclude harmful interference in the first place. And itleft the door open to possibly upping the limit in the future. When interferencedoes occur, the Commission favors "notching," frequency shifting and powerreduction by BPL systems as the preferred mitigation modes."We recognize that some radio operations in the bands being used for AccessBPL, such as those of Amateur Radio licensees, may occur at distancessufficiently close to power lines as to make harmful interference a possibility,"the FCC conceded in its R&O. "We believe that those situations can beaddressed through interference avoidance techniques by the Access BPLprovider such as frequency band selection, notching, or judicious deviceplacement."Notches would have to be at least 20 dB below applicable Part 15 limits on HFand at least 10 dB below Part 15 limits on VHF. The FCC called the ability toalter a system's operation to notch out transmissions on specific frequencieswhere interference is occurring "a necessary feature for resolving interferencewithout disrupting service to BPL subscribers."FCC Advises Hams to Take Steps to Avoid InterferenceThe FCC said it had no evidence before it that BPL operation wouldsignificantly contribute to generally raising background noise levels. At thesame time, it seemed to put some of the onus on Amateur Radio licensees totake steps to avoid power-line interference--and, by inference, BPLinterference--in advance."In addition, because power lines inherently can radiate significant noiseemissions as noted by NTIA and ARRL, good engineering practice is to locatesensitive receiver antennas as far as practicable from power lines," the FCCsaid. In a footnote, the FCC took pains to advise ARRL that in cases where itsmembers experience RF noise, "such noise can often be avoided by carefullylocating their antennas; in many instances an antenna relocation of only arelatively short distance can resolve noise interference."No Special Protections for AmateursBPL operators would be required to notch certain bands, such as those usedfor life and safety communications by aeronautical mobile or US Coast Guardstations. The FCC R&O makes clear, however, that similar rules will not applyto the Amateur Service, although notching could be one mitigation tool to dealwith ham radio complaints.EleventhAnnualWASHChristmas/Holiday PartyThursday, December 9 thThe annual WASH Christmas/Holiday Party andDecember meeting will be held on Thursday,December 9th at Al’s Café, 440 McMurray Road, BethelPark, starting at about 6:00 PM until ?.Cost is 15.99 per adult, 8.00 for children 3 – 10;children under 3 are free. As always, the party is opento all WASH club members and their families, andfriends and invited guests of the club.If you are planning to go (we have 34 already signedup), please call me at (412) 884-1466 or let me knowon the 146.955 repeater. I need to have the money byNovember 30th.The menu as planned (subject to change) will featuretwo entrees, salad, two side dishes, and desert, andthere will be a cash bar available. We will be rafflingoff the IC-2100H 2 Meter rig that the club won at theWACOM hamfest, there will be a Chinese auction withlots of nice prizes available), and installation of the2005 club officers.I know we will have a nice time because we havegood company! Hope to see you there!— Carol Danko KB3GMN, Ways & Means ChairmanInside this issue:Amateur Radio CalendarWASH Club News23Meeting Minutes4The next monthly meeting of the W IRELESS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLS, INC.will be Thursday, November 11 th, at the Peters Township Library, 616 EastMcMurray Road, McMurray, starting at 7:00 PM.Top of the Hill6WASH 2 Meter Contest Rules7Officer elections for 2005 will be held, so this is a very important meeting to beat! Also, the Christmas/Holiday Party will be among the topics of the night.DX News Briefs8FCC News9(BPL Continued on page 5 )Next Meeting: November 11 thth, 2004Talk-in on the 146.955(-) N3RNX/R and 443.650( ) N3BV/R Repeaters (131.8PL). All members, guests and interested parties invited!WASHFest 200510

WIRELESS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLSPage 2WASH FM Net9:00 PM ETSunday Nightson the 146.955and 443.650RepeatersNCS ScheduleListed On Page 3Want to volunteer to bea Net Control Station?Please contact FM NetManager Kevin N3HKQfor more information.November 2004Sun ARRL 160 MContestDecember3rd ,4th & 5thWASHChristmas /Holiday PartyDecember 9thARRL 160 MContest Dec.3rd, 4th & 5thARRL 10 MContest Dec.11th & 12thWASH 2 MeterContestJanuary 8thWASHFestFebruary 27th2 Rivers ARCHamfest March13thDaytonHamvention ,May 20th ,May21st & May 22ndTueWedThuFriSat12Election Day34569Foothills ARC Meeting1011Breezeshooters Net2 Rivers ARC NetTriple ’A’ ARC NetBeaver Co Public Service NetLOOKINGAHEAD: Mon7ARRL Sweepstakes CWEllwood City ARA MeetingQCWA Pittsburgh NetNorth Hills ARC Teen NetSomerset Co ARC NetWASH FM Net14QCWA Pittsburgh NetNorth Hills ARC Teen NetSomerset Co ARC NetWASH FM Net21ARRL Sweepstakes SSBQCWA Pittsburgh NetNorth Hills ARC Teen NetSomerset Co ARC NetWASH FM Net28CQ WW CWQCWA Pittsburgh NetNorth Hills ARC Teen NetSomerset Co ARC NetWASH FM Net8Bum of the Month LunchButler Co ARA MtngSkyview RS MeetingWACOM NetNorth Hills ARC NetSATERN NetGPVHFS Swap ‘n’ Shop NetCoke Center ARC MeetingFt.Venango M&KC MeetingNittany ARC MeetingPunxsatawney Area ARC MtngNorth Hills ARC NetWACOM NetSATERN NetNorth Hills ARC MeetingButler Co PSG MeetingLaurel Highlands VHFS MtngSteel City ARC Social NightAllegheny Co ARES NetWestmoreland Co ARES Net1516Monessen ARC MeetingBreezeshooters Net2 Rivers ARC NetTriple ’A’ ARC NetBeaver Co Public Service Net22Breezeshooters Net2 Rivers ARC NetTriple ’A’ ARC NetBeaver Co Public Service Net29Breezeshooters Net2 Rivers ARC NetTriple ’A’ ARC NetBeaver Co Public Service NetCanonsburgSt. Johns, VIN3BV/RNP2SH/BWASH MeetingVeteran’s DayHorseshoe ARC MeetingBeaver Valley ARA MeetingUniontown ARC NetElco ARS Meeting12ARRL Sweepstakes CWRA Erie VE TestWPA Hilltoppers VE TestBeaver Valley ARA VE TestSomerset Co ARC BreakfastFoothills ARC BreakfastNorth Hills ARC Elmer Net132 Rivers ARC Ham ’n’Eggs BreakfastNorth Hills ARCBreakfastQuad Co ARC BreakfastButler Co ARA VE TestNHARC/Breezeshooters VETestNittany ARC Coffee CallNorth Hills ARC Elmer Net17SATERN VE TestHuntington Co ARC MeetingAllegheny Co SKYWarn NetAllegheny Co ARES Net181920S H B P & M Meeting2 Rivers ARC MeetingTri-County CW ARC MeetingJuniata Valley ARC MeetingChestnut Ridge ARC MeetingPymatuning ARC MeetingNorth Hills ARC Net23242526 Black Friday27Steel City ARC MeetingMercer Co ARA MeetingWACOM NetNorth Hills ARC NetSATERN NetGPVHFS Swap ‘n’ Shop Net30WACOM NetNorth Hills ARC NetSATERN NetGPVHFS Swap ‘n’ Shop NetEXECUTIVE COMMITTEE:PresidentWilliam R. Hill W3WHVP / SecretaryFrank Bobro KB3FZUVP / TreasurerMark Stabryla N3RDVAND WE COULDN ’T DO IT WITHOUT:N3SH / WA3SH TrusteeSteve Lane W3SRLNP2SH TrusteePaul Jordan NP2JFN3SH / WA3SH QSL ManagerPaul Lusardi NØVLRNP2SH QSL ManagerEd Oelschlager N3ZNIVE Team LiaisonJacqué Gosselin N3ZELWebmasterBob Sanford AA3FIQuartermasterHarold Rosenberger KB3CPIWASH FM Net ManagerKevin Smith N3HKQWASHFest 2004 CommitteeSteve Lane W3SRL, ChairmanCarol Danko KB3GMNBill Hill W3WHKevin Smith N3HKQActivities & Operating EventsLarry Comden K3VXTed Huf W4ZEWays & MeansCarol Danko KB3GMNMedia CommunicationsKevin DeRose N3KFDAllegheny Co ARES RepresentativeBen Williams KB3ERQCLUB -AFFILIATED REPEATERS & BEACONS:N3RNX/RW3SRL/RWACOM MeetingRA Erie MeetingUniontown ARC NetARL Lawrence Co MeetingBreezeshooters Net2 Rivers ARC NetTriple ’A’ ARC NetBeaver Co Public Service N e tWASH 2004 OFFICERSMt. LebanonMt. LebanonUniontown ARC MeetingSteel City ARC Social NightAllegheny Co SKYWarn NetAllegheny Co ARES Net146.955 MHz (–)PL 131.8442.550 MHz ( )PL 131.8Echo Link #26861 (courtesy W3SRL)443.650 MHz ( )PL 131.828.276 MHzN3SH/WA3SH WASHNet, the weekly on-air net of WASH, meets everySunday Night, 9:00 PM ET, on the 146.955 & 443.650 repeaters.All radio amateurs, WASH members or not, are welcome to join in!Ft. Armstrong WA MeetingAllegheny Co ARES NetWestmoreland Co ARES Net12/1Uniontown ARC MeetingSteel City ARC Social NightAllegheny Co SKYWarn NetAllegheny Co ARES NetTriple “A” ARA MeetingSomerset Co ARC MeetingGreene Co ARC MeetingUniontown ARC NetQuad Co ARC MeetingARRL Sweepstakes SSBFoothills ARC VE TestNorth Hills ARC Elmer NetWASH BreakfastCQ WW CWNittany ARC Coffee CallNorth Hills ARC Elmer Net12/2WACOM MeetingRA Erie MeetingUniontown ARC Net12/3ARRL 160 MElco ARS Meeting12/4ARRL 160 MRA Erie VE TestT HE L E G A L S T U F F“The WASHRag ” (formerly “The Mariner ”) is the Official Newsletter ofthe WIRELESS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLS, INC . (WASH)Published Monthly with occasional Special Editions as warranted.This issue is Copyright 2004 by the WIRELESS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLS,INC .Editor & Publisher: Ron Notarius WN3VAWPermission is granted to other Amateur Radio publications to reprint articles inthis issue, provided the original author and “The WASHRag ” are givencredit. Comments, articles, and requests for copies of or information about“The WASHRag ” should be mailed to the editor:Ron Notarius WN3VAW946 Sleepy Hollow RoadCastle Shannon, PA 15234-2222e-mail:wn3vaw @ njdxa . org or wn3vaw @ yahoo . com“The WASHRag”, “The Mariner”, SHARCfest, South Hills Hamfest,WASHfest, WASHfest 2004, N3SH Net, WA3SH Net and WASHNet areTM trademarks of the WIRELESS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLS, INC .The WIRELESS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLS, INC . was founded on August 23rd,1993, as the original SOUTH HILLS AMATEUR RADIO CLUB , and operated underthat name through 1998. WASH was also known briefly in late 1998 as theN3SH AMATEUR RADIO CLUB . It is not in any way affiliated with the “South HillsAmateur Radio Club, Inc.” and is not responsible for that group, it’s members,or it’s actions in any way, shape, or form.As always, special thanks to the owners of both the N3RNX/R RepeaterSystem and the N3BV/R Repeater System for permitting the WIRELESSASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLS, INC . and it’s members to use their repeaters forclub purposes. Special thanks also to our webmaster, Bob Sanford AA3FI, andto Shawn Djernes NØPEU for providing space on-line for back issues of “TheWASHRag ” which can be found at www.washarc.org or www.djernes.org/washrag

Page 3VOLUME 6 ISSUEWASH Amateur Radio Club News BriefsNext WASH VE Test January 13thThe Next WASH VE exam sessions will be Thursday, January 13 th,2004, 6:30 PM, at the Peters Township Library, 616 East McMurrayRoad, McMurray, PA. Talk-in on the 146.955 MHz and 443.650 MHz repeaters.All examiners are ARRL VEC affiliated.Walk-ins are always welcome, but if you plan on attending the test session,please contact VE Team Liason Jacqué Gosselin N3ZEL:Telephone (724) 746-9235 or E-Mail: n3zel@fyi.netPlease bring the following to your test session:Picture ID or other suitable identific ation (2 forms of ID required)Pen / Pencil / CalculatorOriginal FCC license plus a copy of license (if upgrading)Original CSCE plus a copy of CSCE (if upgrading)Check or Cash in the amount of 12.00 (payable to: ARRL VEC)Thursday, April 21st, 2005Future test dates: Thursday, July 21st, 2005(tentative)Thursday, October 20th, 2005Thursday, January 19th, 2005TheUSS SalemRadio Club willactivateK1USN onVeterans' Day,Thursday,November11th, withoperation fromthe museumship berthed inthe Fore Riverin Quincy, MA.A specialevent QSLcard has beencreatedborrowing thedesign of theofficial 2004Veteran’s Dayposter.K1USN will beactive on mostAmateur Radiobands on CWand phoneQSL withSASE toK1RV.The morning before Halloween brought together the usual ghouls, goblins,and the WASH Breakfast Gang at Your Way Café in the Caste VillageShops, Grove & Baptist Roads, Whitehall. Regretfully, we lack details onattendance and topics this month.The next Club Breakfast will be at The Starting Line Café on Route 19near Race Track Road, north of Washington, on November 27th. TheDecember gathering will return to the Your Way Café in the Caste VillageShops, Grove & Baptist Roads, Whitehall, but one week earlier thanusual, December 18th. (Somehow we don’t expect a lot of people toshow up for breakfast on Christmas morning even if the restaurantwould be open!) See you there!W3S JOTA 2004 Special Event Station Wrapup: “The JOTA event wasconducted at Pittsburgh Area Council's Flag Plaza near Mellon Arena inPittsburgh. Fourteen scouts attended the combination Radio Merit Badgeinstruction and Jamboree on the air. All fourteen scouts successfullycompleted their merit badge which was instructed by members of theWIRELESS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLS. Three stations were alsoavailable to let the scouts make contacts which was one of therequirements for the merit badge. Rick Bell, KB3IAC organized the dayand coordinated with Pittsburgh Area Council. Instructors included myself,Rick Bell KB3IAC, Bill Hill W3WH, Ted Pinsker, WN3BOJ, Steve LaneW3SRL, Nathan Bell KB3IVW, and John Nemmer KB3GXP. AlsoAssisting were Alex Bell KB3IRQ and Paul Lusardi NØVLR. AndLarry Comden K3VX assisted with the site survey for antennaplacement weeks before the event.” — Kevin Smith N3HKQ (withadditional information from Rick Bell KB3IAC)Photos courtesy of and Copyright 2004Kevin Smith N3HKQ Dayton Hamvention 2004University of Dayton Room ReservationsGreg KQ3DX has again reserved five suites again atthe University of Dayton for Dayton 2004. Those ofyou who have been with us know how nice they are!Greg is just starting to take reservations for the rooms,so there’s plenty of time to think things over for 2004.Be aware also that the cost has gone up slightly, about 4 per room per day (which works out to be 1 perperson per day). Iit’s still the best Dayton roombargain that you’ll find, short of crashing on arelative’s couch! Interested? Contact Greg atkq3dx@hotmail.com.WASHNetNCS Schedule:11/07 - Paul NØVLR11/14 - Carol KB3GMNor Rich N3SBF11/21 - Steve W3SRL11/28 - Kevin N3HKQ12/05 - Hank KB3FNM12/12 - Harold KB3CPI12/19 - Bill W3WH12/26 - Bell Family01/02 - Michael KB3HFP01/09 - Frank KB3FZU01/16 - Paul NØVLRClub Repeater Policy: This policy will apply to all Club owned oraffiliated repeaters, including but not limited to N3RNX/R 146.955 andW3SRL/R 442.550:Since the Club is fortunate enough to have members who have madesubstantial investments in repeater equipment, and since they haveinvited the Club and anyone (but especially Club members) to use therepeaters for everyday and net use, the WASH Club has adopted thefollowing policy as of the October 2004 meeting: The Club will carry liability insurance to protect the club and itsmembers in the event of a claim for bodily injury or property damage The Club will pay for insurance to protect the repeater equipmentagainst physical damage The Club will pay for ongoing out-of-pocket costs, such as utility bills The Club will pledge to help with site maintenance as needed The Club intends to pay for replacement of repeater equipment as itis needed from time to time subject to the availability of funds.These expenses will be voted on at a regular Club meeting The repeater owners have sole responsibility for installation andmaintenance of their repeaters. The Club may make suggestions tothe owners but final authority rests with the owners The Club will establish and maintain a repeater committee(Club Continued on page 6)Join WASH or Renew your Membership for 2005 Today ! Membership Application on Page 11!

WIRELESS ASSOCIATION OF SOUTH HILLSPage 4Minutes, October 14 th MeetingFrank Bobro KB3FZU, VP/ Secretary, WASHWASH Spotlight: JOTABill, W3WH, called the meeting to order at 19:04 hours. There were 27 membersand guests in attendance.A moment of silence was observed for recent Silent Keys and other deservingpersons.A motion was made to accept the minutes of the September meeting aspublished in the September newsletter. The motion was made by N3ZNI,Ed, seconded by KB3GMN, Carol. The motion was voted on and passed.Committee reports:Treasurer (N3RDV): Read & AcceptedSecretary (KB3FZU): No Report.VE Report (N3ZEL): The next VE session will be next week, 10/21/2004.Thanks for the help at the WACOM Hamfest.Repeaters (N3RNX & W3SRL): Status quo with the repeaters. Steve would liketo get the Echo Link up soon. A new ‘box’ (computer) is waiting to beinstalled.FM Net Report (N3HKQ): Schedule is up through the second week in January.Ways & Means (KB3GMN):. There will be a 50/50 after the meeting.Public Service (N3RDV): Looking for ARIES net control operators, please getin touch with Mark, N3RDV.Contests (K3VX): The WA3SH group worked all 67 counties in the PA QSOParty. Thanks to Rick for making the arrangements at the HeritageReservation and a good time was had by all. Ed, N3ZNI, worked the contestmobile and got a total of 502 contacts. Everyone that was at the meetingtook a turn telling stories of the 2004 PA QSO party – it sounded likeeveryone had a good time.Newsletter (WN3VAW): Expect to see more requests on the e-mail reflector toverify new users. There is a new spam trick to gain access to closed listsand we do not want to get into that trap.President’s Report (W3WH): No Report.Old Business: None.New Business: Christmas party – we are targeting the second Thursday inDecember, at Al’s Café. The club has won an Icom 2100 2 meter mobile atthe WACOM Hamfest. We are going to sell tickets at the Christmas party forthe radio.Jim, WB4GCS, was in Washington, DC for the AMSAT Symposium. Jim isthe project manager for the next satellite which is the Eagle. Echo is paidfor. The fundraising is now for Eagle, an estimate to build is 600,000 andthe launch will cost anywhere up to 1.5 million. Jim also went over thehighlights of the AMSAT Symposium. The text of the papers that werepresented is available in the AMSAT proceedings book which is on sale for 20.00.Repeaters. Bill presented a repeater policy for the club to adopt. Dick,N3QMV, moved that we accept the repeater policy with a 100 limit formajor work. Jim, WB4GCS, seconded. Motion was voted on and carried.Pete N3RNX will be the Chairman of the Repeater Committee.Nominations were opened for President and Vice President/Secretary.President:Ron, WN3VAW, nominated Larry K3VXTed, W4ZE, nominated Kevin N3HKQRick, KB3IAC, motioned to closed, Bob, W3RJM, seconded.Vice President/Secretary:Paul, NØVLR, nominated Paul, KB3KOT.Ron, WN3VAW, nominated Dan, KB3HVN.Ed, N3ZNI, moved to close the nominations, Pete, N3RNX, seconded.Good of the Order: The FCC approved BPL rules on the day of our meeting.The equipment must be type certified by the FCC.Motion to Adjourn: Made by Carol, KB3GMN, and seconded by Steve, W3SRL,seconded. The motion was voted on and passed. The meeting wasadjourned at 20:44.In the future, there will only be three enterprises: TheInternet, Home Depot, and UPS oh yes, and the garbageman to clean it all up!— Ward Silver NØAX, Dayton 2004Several Scouts working on their Radio Merit Badge, under the watchfuleye of Ted WN3BOJ, during the W3S JOTA Special Event StationPhoto courtesy of and Copyright 2004 Kevin Smith N3HKQEvery month we’re going to feature a WASH club member, somethingabout them, something they’re involved in or a club-related activity thatwe’re involved in, in the WASH Spotlight. Submissions for the Spotlightshould be sent to Ron WN3VAW at wn3vaw @ njdxa . orgMonthly WASH BreakfastPlease join us for the next WASH Breakfast! We usually get together on theLAST Saturday of every month for a chance to informally sitdown, shoot the breeze, compare notes, drink lots of coffee,and just have a good time!We alternate our breakfast locations every month to make iteasier for club members to get to at least one of them:Join us in October at theYour Way Café, Caste VillageShops, Baptist & Grove Roads, Whitehall, and in Novemberat The Starting Line Café on Route 19 near Race TrackRoad, north of Washington, and in . Start time is about 8 AMuntil ? Monitor 146.955 & 443.650 for talk-in or any last minute changes.All are welcome, WASH members or not, amateurs or not!Wireless Association of South Hills rbara MisicDavid DelmonicoSilent KeysK3EEDKB3ENXKB3FQTN3KEHN3OBDN3SKRW3ZLKColor Codes:2004 Member2003 Member2002 Member2001 Member(2000 and earliermembers no longerdisplayed)Through July 14th, 2004List complied byMark Stabryla N3RDV, Vice President/Treasurer

VOLUME 6 ISSUE(BPL Continued from page 1)"We similarly do not find that Amateur Radio frequencies warrant the specialprotection afforded frequencies reserved for international aeronautical andmaritime safety operations," the Commission said, adding that in manyinstances, amateur frequencies are used for routine communications andhobby activities."While we recognize that amateurs may on occasion assist in providingemergency communications," the FCC said, "we believe that the general Part15 provisions and the specific provisions being adopted herein for AccessBPL operations are sufficient to protect these amateur operations."BPL's Upside Outweighs Downside, FCC SuggestsAlthough some cases of harmful interference may be possible from BPLemissions at levels up to Part 15 limits, the FCC said, "we agree with NTIA[National Telecommunications and Information Administration] that thebenefits of Access BPL service w arrant acceptance of a small andmanageable degree of interference risk." The Commission reiterated in theR&O its belief that BPL's public benefits "are sufficiently important andsignificant so as to outweigh the limited potential for increased harmfulinterference that may arise."The FCC also said that while it agrees with the ARRL that BPL is not a"traditional point-source emitter," it doesn't buy into the notion that BPLdevices "will cause the power lines to act as countless miles of transmissionlines all radiating RF energy along their full length."Additional ProvisionsAmong other specific provisions, the FCC's new rules also mandatecertification of BPL equipment instead of the less-stringent verification, arequirement for a public BPL database--something the BPL industry did notwant. They also require mechanisms to deal swiftly with interferencecomplaints.BPL systems will have to incorporate the ability to modify operation andperformance "to mitigate or avoid potential harmful interference to radioservices and to deactivate specific units found to actually cause harmfulinterference that cannot be remedied through modification of their operation,"the R&O says.The public BPL database would have to include the name of the BPLprovider, the frequencies of BPL operation; the postal ZIP codes the BPLsystem serves; the manufacturer and type of BPL equipment and itsassociated FCC ID number; the contact information, including both telephonenumber and e-mail address of a person at or associated with the BPLoperator to facilitate interference resolution (phones would only have to bestaffed during "normal business hours," the FCC specified), and the proposedor actual date of BPL operation.Further, the new rules spell out the locations of "small geographic exclusionzones" as well as excluded bands or frequencies --concessions madeprimarily at the insistence of the NTIA, which administers radio spectrum forfederal government users--and "coordination areas" where BPL deploymentsat any frequency must be "precoordinated by BPL operators." They also detailtechniques to measure BPL emissions from system equipment and powerlines.No Change in Approach to Part 15 Complaint ResolutionThe FCC's R&O makes clear that the agency does not intend to deal withinterference complaints regarding BPL systems any differently, nor any morestringently, than it does interference complaints involving other systems thatfall under §15.5(c) of its rules."Under this rule, parties who believe they are experiencing interference froman unlicensed device are first expected to bring the matter to the attention ofthe operator of the unlicensed device," the FCC said. "If that action does notresolve the interference, the party may then seek intervention by theCommission."The FCC further said it expected "good faith" on both sides in resolving anyinterference complaints that might arise. "Speedy resolution of interferencewill not result if the database information on Access BPL deployments isabused, and the BPL operators are deluged with frivolous interferencecomplaints," the FCC saidThe Commission added that it expects BPL operators to take everyinterference complaint seriously and to diagnose the possible cause ofinterference quickly. But it s uggested that complainants have responsibilitiesas well."At the same time, we expect the complainant to have first taken reas onablesteps to confirm that interference, rather than a receiver system malfunction,is occurring and, to the extent practicable, to determine that the interferencesource is located outside the complainant's premises," the Commission said.Page 5ARRL Expresses Disappointment withAdministration over BPL Report and OrderNEWINGTON, CT, November 1st, 2004 —The ARRL has expressed itsdisappointment with the current administration's failure "to prevent radiospectrum pollution by BPL systems." In a letter today to Secretary ofCommerce Donald L. Evans copied to President George W. Bush, ARRLPresident Jim Haynie, W5JBP, recalled Evans' assurances on theadministration's behalf earlier this year "that we are responsible andsensitive to valuable incumbent [radiocommunication] systems." Haynie toldEvans the FCC's BPL Report and Order [http://hraunfoss.fcc.gov/edocs public/attachmatch/FCC-04-245A1.doc] in ET Docket 04-37 —adopted October 14th and released two weeks later — suggests otherwise."Despite excellent work conducted by the technical staff of your NationalTelecommunications and Information Administration to document theextensive harmful interference that will occur if BPL systems are deployed atthe radiated emission limits presently permitted by the FCC rules," Hayniesaid, "it appears that the NTIA concurred in the FCC's decision not to tightenthose limits."The FCC maintained in the R&O that BPL emissions are localized and at lowenough levels to preclude harmful interference in the first place, and it leftthe door open to possibly upping the limit in the future.Haynie pointed out that both international treaty and US law entitle licensedradiocommunication services to protection from harmful interference thatunlicensed systems like BPL might generate. "Despite this," he continued,"the FCC has shifted the burden for initiating interference mitigation from theBPL system operator to the radio licensee." The NTIA's September 13thsubmission to the FCC shows that even at FCC Part 15 limits, the probabilityof harmful interference is essentially 100 percent within 200 to 400 meters(approximately 660 to 1300 feet) of a power line carrying BPL signals-depending on the operating frequency."Amateur Radio stations are typically located in residential areas, nearlyalways well within such distances," Haynie noted. "The FCC's Report andOrder provides no assurance that when interference occurs — as itunquestionably will — it will be promptly eliminated."Haynie said the League was "not at all satisfied" with the FCC's R&O "andwill continue to work to improve it." Calling the HF spectrum "a unique andpriceless resource," he expressed regret that the administration "is willing tosquander such a unique natural resource in order to provide a short-rangebroadband connection that can easily be provided by several other nonpolluting means."As part of the Commerce Department, the NTIA not only administers radiospectrum allocated to federal government users but advises the WhiteHouse on telecommunications policy. On June 24th, President Bush extolledBPL during a speech on technological innovation even while acknowledginginterference concerns."And one of the problems we've got here is that the Commerce Departmenthas had to develop technical standards that will make sure that ourbroadband can go across power lines without unnecessary interference,"(ARRL Continued on page 6)The FCC pledged to investigate complaints that land in its lap and takeaction against the BPL operator if it is found to be causing harmfulinterference. "If, on the other hand, the Commission uses its resources toinvestigate an interference complaint that is found to be frivolous, theCommission will impose appropriate sanctions for abuse of its administrativeprocess."Shutting down a BPL system in response to a valid interference complaint"would be a last resort when all other efforts to satisfactorily reduceinterference have failed," the FCC said. It did require BPL system

WACOM Net North Hills ARC Net SATERN Net GPVHFS Swap ‘n’ Shop Net 24 Ft. Armstrong WA Meeting Allegheny Co ARES Net Westmoreland Co ARES Net 25 26 Black Friday 27 CQ WW CW Nittany ARC Coffee Call North Hills ARC Elmer Net 28 CQ WW CW QCWA Pittsburgh Net North Hills ARC Teen Net Somerset Co ARC Net WASH November 2004 .

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Volume of Gas Produced per Mass of Liquid 0.54 m3/kg 8.6 ft3/lb Volume of Gas Produced per Unit Volume of Liquid 274 274 Volume occupied per mass of Liquid 1968.5 litres/tonne 437 gal/ton Volume of Air to burn Unit Volume of Gas 23 23 Volume of Oxygen to burn Unit Volume of Gas 4.8 4.8 Ignition Temperature 460-580 C 860-1076 F

GB50332 and ASTM F1962 ignores the cohesion and compressibility of the soil, using the same method to calculate sand soil and clay soil, and does not fully consider the effect of the internal friction angle of soils, which lead to a small impact of the soil properties on the arching factor. The BS EN 1594 standard considers the cohesion strength of soils and uses two different methods for .