Hydrogen Energy For Belarus - Static.sif.it
Hydrogen Energyfor BelarusDr. Serguei FilatovHead of Hydrogen Power Division of Heat & MassTransfer InstituteNational Academy of sciences of BelarusEPS/IPS Meeting, Varenna 7-8 April 2008
Everything should be made assimple as possible, but notsimpler
Energy for Belarus:today Total electricity consumption 36 TWh per yearTotal Heat consumption 75 MGcalIncrease by 1TWh every year95% energy – from Natural Gas (99% of NG – fromRussia)Features:Government regulation and planning (100%)Centralization (100%)State Regulation of tariffsNo energy marketsNo private companies on Energy Markets
Energy sOilCoalLNGPeatWoodLNGPeatWoodHydroNuclearImport of ElectricityHydroNuclearImport of Electricity
Energy for Belarus: trendsGovernment programmain targets:Energy security,Diversification of Sources Cover 100% ofElectricity needs by ownproductionDomestic resourcesusingModernization of foundsInvestmentsNuclear EnergyRenewable energyHydrogen technologyInstallation Power, MW 20042006Total BelEnergo Peak20082010
Electrical and HeatConsumption9035803070Heat Consumption, TcalElectrical consumtion, Heat Power Station2010
Domestic resources: potentialand useOil, Mt300050Gas, Mm32500Oil, Mt403020001500201000105000Oil, Mt0200620072008200920101.671.651.631.61.58Gas, Mm320062412007 2008 2009 2010236230225220
Domestic resources: potentialand use76Wind, MWh5432Potential - 7GW?5MW for 201010 Private WindPower 0.6 MW(Zanaroch)2006 2007 2008 2009 2010Wind, Mwh 3.043.946.62 6.626.62
Domestic resources: potentialand use206Wood and pelette, Mt18BioDiesel, kt1614121086420BioDiesel,ktFePotential 2006 2007 1Mt2008 2009 201000.54.99.954321014.8Wood, Mt20062007 20082009 20102.082.322.822.573.06
Domestic resources: potentialand use800Hydro, MW7006005004003002001000Hydro,Mwh2006 2007 2008 2009 201036120227327390
Power for Belarus: Nucleartrends Belarus surrounds by NPP (Smolensk NPP, Ignalina NPP,Chernobyl NPP, etc.)Belarus was prepared infrastructure for domestic NPP in1980 (so called Minsk NPP –TEC5) but then change projectto NGPP (Natural Gas Power Plant)Academician Krasin A.K. was headed Nuclear EnergyProgram for Belarus and organized: Academician Institute of Nuclear Problem (“Sosny”)Chair of nuclear physics at Belarus State universityLaboratory of Hydrogen Power at Heat MassTransfer Institute (ITMO)Belarus support NPP (70% population)
Power for Belarus: NuclearHistoryMain targets of Belarus Nuclear Research during 1970-80: Investigation on Experimental Nuclear ReactorDesign of mobile NPP (Nuclear Train)Design of Novell High Temperature Thermal Fluid forNuclear ReactorPreparation of Domestic Specialists for NPPAfter Nuclear Disaster at Chernobyl NPP and SU crashresearch was reduced: we lost priority and specialists we save research base
Power for Belarus: criticaldates 2007-2008preparation and Lawregulation2009-2010 Start ofbuilding2015 1-st NPP reactor1000 MW2020 2-nd NPP reactor1000 MW
Power for Belarus: Selection ofreactor SAFETY and ECONOMY:2-nd (PWR, BWR, Candy)or 3-d generation (BWRSiemens, EPR Framatome)reactor type?Comparison of price betweenEU and Russia’s reactorsdon’t give answers – what isbetterNuclear waste – real problemfor small economyLong time dependence fromNuclear fuel source
Energy Saving Belarus:2007-2012 Belarus signature Kioto’s protocols in 2005New Law of Renewable energy sourcesReduce Green Houses Gases – 12 mln ton CO2 to 2010Reduce Green Houses Gases production up to 8% from1990 year levelEnergy audits of Large PlantsStandardization and laws regulation
Energy saving Belarus:2007-2010 Renewable energy usingDomestic energy usingIndustry waste using (flammable waste)Decentralization of house heating systemsGas Infrared heaters for housesWide Heat pumps usingWater saving systemsWater pumps changes
Energy for Belarus: Programs State Program for energy savingsRegional Programs for energy savingsState program for domestic energy sources (25%from total energy needs to 2012 year)State Program for modernization of energyequipment and domestic energy useSpecial programs for mini Heat Power StationdevelopmentSpecial program for Country Hoses HeatingoptimizationSpecial program for production of energy effectiveequipmentSpecial Program for reducing of local heat stations
Energy for Belarus: Targets 2010 Reduce energy consumption up to 31%Renewable and Domestic Fuel using ( up to 22.5%or 460 000 ton in 2007)New Electrical Generations for 350 MW (64.4 Mwin 2007)Total investments – 4 658,7 mln USD(933 in 2008, 1025 in 2009, 1212 in 2010)
Energy for Belarus: future TodayNatural Gas ( 90%), Oil, Coal, Wood (pelette) Strong centralizationTomorrow Nuclear Power Plant, Gasification of coal, wood Renewable energy, Liberalization, hydrogentransport (cars and railways)After tomorrow Nuclear-Hydrogen Economy, SOFC and SOEC, SynGas production and network distribution
Resources: 2005 vs 2020Natural Gas;84.1Other; 0.5Biomass; 1.8Oil; 5.7Coal; 0.5Wood peat;Natural Gas;6.960.5Hydro Wind;2.2Other; 0.3Biomass; 1.8Oil; 4.3Coal; 0.6Wood peat;14.9Hydro Wind;2.5Nuclear; 15.2
Hydrogen Energy for Belarus:why? Ecology CleanHigh EffectiveScalableLocaleDecrease gasconsumptionRenewable friendly bygasification any kind offuel and low potentialsource supportIn future – supported byNPP (night timeoverproduction)
Hydrogen EnergyHigh effective:of Fuelfrommolecules toheat energy (90-95%)Clean and Efficient:Renewable Sources:Energy Security:areNew World Markets:reaching 7studies byHydrogen technology basedCell for direct transformationchemical energy ofelectricity andFuel cells reduce urban air pollution,decrease oil imports,reduce the trade deficitproduce new jobs.Fuel cells can run on hydrogenderived from a renewable sourceEnergy dependence is higher todaythan it was during the "oil shock" ofthe 1970s, and oil and gas importsprojected to increase.The current market for fuel cells isabout 2 billion and willbillion by 2009, according tothe Business CommunicationsCompany.
Hydrogen Energy Research in Belarus1971Hydrogen Energy research start in Minsk byacademician A.K. Krasin in laboratoryof Institute ofNuclear Energy of Academyof Sciences of Belarus.Research wasconcerned with hydrogen and oxygenproduction by nuclear reactors inHeat and Mass TransferInstitute (HMTI) incollaborationwith academician B.M.Smolsky2002Re-establishment of Hydrogen EnergyLaboratoryin HMTI2003Hydrogen Energy Program start under theguidance ofAcad. Sergey Jdanok2005Second Hydrogen Energy Program start2010National Hydrogen Program
Hydrogen Energy Program 2003-2005Head organization:Projects:Participants:Common staff:Heat and Mass TransferInstitute of NationalAcademy of Sciences ofBelarus4213 Academician Institutes6 Universities325 researchers
Hydrogen Energy Program 2003-2005 Fundamental research Hydrogen productionresearchHydrogen storage andtransportationDevelopment of Fuel CellsHydrogen Economybasement development Syngas productionH2 productionMirobiological H2ElectrolysesH2 storageH2 enginePEM FCSOFCFuel ProcessorMetrology
Hydrogen Energy Program 2003-2005Syngas (H2 CO):Fuel processors:H2 production:weldingelectrolyses, plasmaFuel cells:H2 storage:H2 utilization:Syngas from biomass, methane andcoal, partial oxidation reactors,syngas membrane purificationplasma processor, partialoxidationmicrobiology reactors,generators, pulsePEM FC, DMFC, SOFC, novelnano electrocatalyst for FCMetal hydride storageH2 engine, residence, FC carprototype
Hydrogen Energy Program 2006-2010Head organization:Heat and Mass TransferInstitute of NationalAcademy of Sciences ofBelarusProjects:Participants:288 Academician Institutes5 Universities2 Research Institutes269 researchersCommon staff:
Hydrogen Energy Program 2006-2010 Applied and fundamentalresearch Hydrogen productionHydrogen Storage andtransportationFuel Cell development Syngas productionH2 productionElectrolysesH2 storageH2 enginePEM FCSOFCFuel ProcessorMetrology
Hydrogen Energy Program 2006-2010Syngas (H2 CO):Fuel processors:H2 production:Fuel cells:H2 storage:H2 utilization:Syngas from biomass,partial oxidation reactors,syngas membrane purificationplasma processor, partialoxidationhigh temperature steam unit,solar electrolyses, welding generatorpulse electrolyses, plasmaPEM FC, DMFC, SOFC, novelnano electrocatalyst for FCMetal hydride, carbon MWNT,nano materialsengine, residence, FC car prototype
Hydrogen Energy Program 2006-2010 Targets:Hydrogen and SynGasproductionHydrogenaccumulation and Storageand SOFC FC productionKey features:cooperationNew technologyNovel materialsNano catalystEU and World widePEM
Hydrogen FC roadmap 2005R&D programs2008Start of commercialization2009SynGas Demo (Belarus)2010Start of PEM FC Pilot Plants (Belarus,Shandon China)2012Start of SOFC Pilot Plant (Monolit,Vitebsk)Start of Functional Carbon Nanotube Plant2015Start of DMFC Pilot Plant (Belarus,PlugPower ?)2020SOEC HT Demo (Belarus in cooperationwith Russia)
Hydrogen FC roadmap1200010000800060004000200002005PEM FC (1-10 kW)2010PEM FC ( 200W)2015SOFC(1-100кW)2020Price, kW
Hydrogen R&D Details:
Hydrogen Energy: hydrogen reach fueldesign and test Direct using of Hydrogen inEnginesHydrogen reach fuel and fuelprocessors for gasoline engine:addition of syngas or hydrogenincrease power
Hydrogen Energy: hydrogen reachfuel burn study
Sterling Engine for Hydrogen reach fuel andfield application Sterling Engine forHydrogen reachfuel can beextremely usefulfor syngasproduced frombiomass and formicroengine
Hydrogen Energy: Research of Hydrogendetonation phenomena (Shock waves inHydrogen and hydrogen reach fuels)дав ление , атм54321- дав ление- плотность001020в ремя , мс3040
Hydrogen Energy: Research of Hydrogenreach fuels detonation phenomena (Shockwaves in Hydrogen and hydrogen reachfuels)
Hydrogen Energy: Research of Hydrogenrich fuels detonation phenomena and safetyproblems
High temperature Syngas reactor forindustry application36 6Н2ОНе950оС133СО 3Н242СН4350оС5 66Н2О1-high temperature reactor, 2 –owen, 3 –heatexchange unit, 4 – methanereactor , 5 –exchange unit,6 – steam turbine
SynGas reactors forproduction Hydrogen byCollaboration researchwithParticularOxidationAirLiquide Scalable production fromof Syngas from 1 to 100Om3/hСН4 ½ О2 СО 2Н25321 4
Industrial Infrared Heaters forsyngas and flammable waste gas
Industrial Infrared Heaters forsyngas and flammable waste gas
Hydrogen Energy: hydrogen (syngas)production from biomass and wasteСН4 Н2О СО 3Н2
Syngas production bygasification of biomass(wood pellets)
Hydrogen Energy: hydrogen production bybacteria’s and microorganismH2 productionmmol/100mmol glucose24 h72 hAzotobacter sp.6ПНAzotobacter sp.8ПН15,018,06,930,021,110,0Bacillus sp. 1ПН70,014,45,5Bacillus sp. 5ПН55,012,13,0Bacillus sp. 9ПН40,010,02,1Pseudomonas sp.2ПН83,05,02,4Pseudomonas sp.3ПН75,06,73,3Pseudomonas sp.7ПН90,04,22,0Enterobacter sp.4ПН90,028,317,1Enterobacter sp.10ПН95,020,113,5Rhodobacter, 13Rhodobacter sp.11ПН115,045,535,0Methanogenium, 13Methanogeniumsp. lus, 65Pseudomonas, 14Enterobacter, 12selectedh2, %
Hydrogen Energy: NGAE technologyrealization (natural gas assist electrolyses)like HotElly project (Germany)
Design of electrode materials(in cooperation with New MaterialsInstitute, China)
Hydrogen Energy: SOFC electrolyte Plasma MnO3 (LSM), ZrO2-12(% Y2O3 (YSZ)
Hydrogen Energy: PEM FC: simulation,design and test of Hydrogen-Air and DirectMethanol Fuel CellsCH3OH/H2O/CO2Bipolar plates(current collector distributor forreactants)e-Catalytically ActiveLayers (10 µm)PEM(200 µm)CO2H T 70 - 90 CH2OeCathodeAnodeCH3OH/H2OAir / H2ODiffusion Layers(100 µm)Air (O2/N2)
FC 2D simulation (QuickField) andstudy of Hydrogen to metalinterractionДеформация xx0.023010.020140.01727ТемператураT 3.2619.70-0.00571
FC 3D simulation(0.8 , 0.6 and 0.2 А/см2)
PEM FC IR tests and Thermaloptimization
Hydrogen Energy: PEM FC bipolar electrode coatingby Ni and carbon nanotubes0,14Raman intensity0,120,100,080,060,040,020,0030002000Raman shift (cm-1)1000
Hydrogen Energy: CVD reactor for carbonnanotubes growth:installation, carbon reach gas distribution,temperature distribution
Hydrogen Energy: FC and Storage Materialsnanoscience
Hydrogen Energy: carbon nanotubes basednanocatalysts on soluble support
Hydrogen Energy: CVD reactor for DLC )10002,01,8Raman intensity1,61,41,21,00,80,60,40,20,030002000Raman shift (cm-1)1000
Hydrogen Energy: carbon nanotubes withPd/Ru catalyst for FC Raman Study0,250,150,100,050,1820001000Raman shift (cm-1)0,16Raman intensityRaman intensity0,200,140,120,100,080,060,0420001000Raman shift (cm-1)
Nanocatalyst study by thermal, spectral, microscopymethods
Hydrogen Energy: PEM FC catalyst study byAtomic Force Microscopy
Hydrogen Energy: FC vehicle design
Hydrogen Energy: H2 storage in metalhydride accumulator
Modular FC Power StationDesignconditioningLTSelOxCO-conversionand minimizationMulti fuelpore burnerNat.gaswaterResidual sulfuruzationHTFuel Cell StackSteamproductionReformerStorage tank/Heat sink
Hydrogen Energy: H2 on demandStorage in Chemical Hydrides: Hydrogen storage in light metal hydridesDistributed energy and transport,microscale FCCatalystH2ONaBH4A novelchemicalelectrochemicalprocess toreform sodiumborohydridefrom sodiumNewborateMaterialsNaBO2H2
Hydrogen Energy: Scientific activity Energy Application:Distributed generation of heat andelectricalpower, renewable recourses,securityPetrochemical Activity:New technology for H2 productionandsyngasmass scale productionPhysical problems:Simulation of fuel cells (PEM FC,DMFC, SOFC)Development and optimization of FCNew material for hydrogen storageSafe methods for hydrogen usage designPurification system for hydrogen reachgasesCVD technology for carbon nanomaterialsStudy of heat and mass transfer in FCNon FC Utilization technologyNew functional materialfor FC application:Novel catalyst for FC design and testNanocatalyst material and functionalcoatingtechnology electrode design
Hydrogen Energy: GovernmentalSupport Recognise benefits of hydrogen and its role ineconomy Fund a wider range of R&D activities supportingsyngas and hydrogen production Support collaborative research activities Propose long term integrated vision Develop technology roadmaps Support regulatory studies on issues associatedwith hydrogen generation, storage and fuel cells
Hydrogen Energy: World widecollaborationWe collaborate with:and energyUniversity,power(Institute ofandRussian Academy of Sciences,Bulgarian Academy of Sciences(Institute of electrochemystrysystems)Taras Shevchenko KyivUkrainPoland Academy Institute ofmachine (Gdansk)AirLiquide (France)China Academy of sciencesnew materials, )South Korea KAIST,Sweden Institute of StandardsGeneral Electric (USA)more than 12 Universities in EuropeRussiaWe are establish National Contact point for 7-th FW NCP(National Contact Point) for FP7 in Energy andnanotechnology Projects
Hydrogen Energy: FP 7 collaboration 2007Energy and 2008HMTIHeat Mass Transfer Institute ofNational Academy of sciences ofBelarus selected as NCP (NationalContact Point) for FP7 innanotechnology ProjectsEnergy Center created on base of
Hydrogen Energy: proposals forcollaboration Joint Research ProgramEstablishment of Joint Research Center for hydrogen technologycommercializationExchange program for researchers, students, and PhDs with EU
Hydrogen Energy: collaboration forsuccess Thank you for attention
H2 Production via NuclearPowerElectrolysis For reactor systems with high outlet temp (700-900oC) thiscould replace some of demands on electrical energyrequirements with thermal energy. This would improve the efficiency and reduce production costSteam Reforming Process Requirements on natural gas can be significantly reduced byusing nuclear heatThermochemical Cycles Production of hydrogen without generation of CO2 Potential for long term low stable cost
Gas Infrared heaters for houses . Sterling Engine for Hydrogen reach fuel can be extremely useful for syngas produced from biomass and for microengine. Hydrogen Energy: Research of Hydrogen detonation phenomena (Shock waves in Hydrogen and hydrogen reach fuels)
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