Joint Technical Coordinating Group For Munitions Effectiveness
Joint Technical Coordinating Group forMunitions EffectivenessTestTest DataData SupportingSupporting TrainingTraining andand CombatCombatOperationsOperationsRonald A. Thompson410 278-2062Ront@amsaa.army.milNDIA Testing and Training ConferenceOmni Rosen Hotel, Orlando FL20 August 2002A SOLUTION TO THE WEAPONEERING PUZZLEJoint Munitions Effectiveness1
Presentation OverviewIntroduction to the JTCG/ME Charter and MissionOrganizationWeapons Effectiveness EstimationProductsUsers and User Requirements GenerationJTCG/ME Testing and Training Initiatives Integration Challenges A current initiative Advanced Joint Effectiveness Model Joint Live Fire Testing Credible Training & Combat Ops SupportConclusion Additional Challenges Responsiveness to Changing WarfareJoint Munitions Effectiveness2
Charter and MissionPrepare and PublishJoint Munitions EffectivenessManuals (JMEMs) forFielded SystemsJTCG/ME CHARTERDEPARTMENT OF THE ARMYDEPARTMENT OF THE NAVYHQS US ARMY MATERIEL COMMANDWASHINGTON DC, 20315HQS NAVAL MATERIEL COMMANDWASHINGTON, DC, 20300DEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCEDEPARTMENT OF THE AIR FORCEHQS AIR FORCE LOGISTICS COMMANDWRIGHT-PATTERSON AFB, OHIO 43433HQS AIR FORCE SYSTEMS COMMANDANDREWS AFB, WASHINGTON, DC, 20331Develop, Maintain and UpdateDatabasesCHARTERFORJOINT AMC/NMC/AFLC/AFSCCOMMANDERSJTCG/ME DATE: 10 Dec 1968Weapon EffectivenessWeapon CharacteristicsDelivery AccuracyReliabilityVulnerabilityStandardize MethodologiesReconcile Gaps andInaccuracies in theData Then Published by theServices on Air-to-SurfaceNon-nuclear WeaponsConduct SpecialStudies/ActivitiesJoint Service Authenticated Products Joint Live Fire (JLF) Data Collection Effortsfrom Operational Employment JMEM SeminarsJoint Munitions Effectiveness3
OrganizationDirectorOperational Test& EvaluationDOT&E/LFT&EJTCG/ME Steering ndingProgram OfficeAPG, MDArmy Materiel CommandAir Force Materiel CommandNaval Materiel EstablishmentJ-8U.S. Marine CorpsDefense Intelligence AgencyDef Threat Reduction AgencyAir-to-SurfaceEglin AFB, FLSurface-to-SurfaceAPG, MDAnti-AirChina Lake, CAOperational UsersWorking Group(OUWG)OUWGOUWGOffices of PrimaryResponsibilityArmy - MG J. R. Snider (AMC)Navy - RADM D. G. Bowler (N70)Air Force - Dr. Mike Caluda (AFMC)PublicationManagementOffice - TinkerAFBJMEMProductionContractor OklahomaStateUniversityMr. David Shaffer (Chair)Dr. Mike CaludaMr. Danny BrunsonBrig Gen Stephen M. GoldfeinDr. Alfred BrandsteinMr. Jim HempsteadDr. Leon WittwerVulnerabilityDahlgren, VAJoint TechnicalCoordinating Group onAircraft SurvivabilityJoint Live Fire (JLF)Munitions EffectivenessJoint Munitions Effectiveness4
JMEM Weapons Effects ProcessWeaponsCharacteristics WarheadGuidance MethodsDirect/Indirect HitsFuze FunctioningReliabilityPrecision/Ballistic Errors Aiming/MPI ErrorTarget Location ErrorPrecision/Ballistic ErrorAcquisitionEffects of Threat Environmentand es WeaponEffectivenessTarget Model Sensitivity To: Penetration Fragments Blast Fire and ExplosionTarget-WeaponInteractionAnalysisWEB BasedProductsJoint Munitions EffectivenessCD-ROMs5
JMEM Development Process 2 year processIntelligenceCollection/ProductionCommand identifiedtargets 660 GroundShipAircraftInfrastructurePersonnelSupport NGIC MSIC NAIC ONI DOT&E/TSOTarget GeometricModelDevelopment BRL-CAD(Ground targets) FASTGEN(Air targets) STMG(Infrastructure)VulnerabilityDataDevelopment AJEM or COVART(Air targets) AJEM MUVES S-2(Surface Mobile) MEVA-GF(Ground fixed) ORCA(Personnel)EffectivenessIndices or LethalAreas GenerationPD or EFDCalculation/Estimation Joint MAE General Full Spray SWAMAE sProgramWeaponCharacteristicsandDelivery AccuracyDelivery Accuracy FMECAKill definitionFALT treesComponent data FragmentationBlastShaped ChargeEFPFireSpecific weaponandSpecific targetInteraction Aiming/MPI ErrorTLEPrecision/Ballistic ErrorAcquisitionEffects of ThreatEnvironmentand CountermeasuresJoint Munitions Effectiveness6
JTCG/ME Integrated CD-ROM ProductsJoint Anti-Air Combat Effectiveness (J-ACE)Air Superiority v2.0 Air-to-Air Weapons Surface-to-AirThreat (Red-on-Blue v2.0) Interactive “Compute” Module Air-launched Missile Fly-out Simulation Probability of Kill DataJMEM/AS WeaponeeringSystem (JAWS) v2.2.1 Air-to-Surface Weapon SystemsOperationalTools/MethodologyAir Defense v1.0 Land-Based Surface-to-Air Weapons Interactive “Compute” Module Calculates Intercept Points for UserSelected Engagement Conditions Probability of Kill DataEffectiveness/VulnerabilityData Pre-calculated data andEmbedded Methodologies Operational Tools Bridges andBuildings Vulnerability Data, EffectivenessIndices and Pre-calculated SingleShot Probability of utorialsSpecial Operations TargetVulnerability andWeaponeering Manual v2.0 Special Operations MissionPlanners and Operators Single Shot PK and Number ofRounds Required to AchieveDesired Kill LevelJMEM/SS Weapons Effectiveness System (JWES) v2.0Indirect Fire Systems Pre-calculated EffectivenessData and Operational Tools Red-on-Blue Navy Ship-to-Shore Number of Rounds Required toAchieve Desired Damage LevelDirect Fire Systems Pre-calculated EffectivenessData and Operational Tools Red-on-Blue Vulnerability Data, Probability of Kill,Probability of Hit, and Number ofRounds Required to Achieve DesiredDamage LevelJoint Munitions Effectiveness7
JMEM/AIR-TO-SURFACE WEAPONEERING SYSTEM (JAWS)JAWSFEATURES Interactive Browser WeaponsCharacteristics Target Vulnerability Risk Estimates forFriendly Troops Target AcquisitionJAWS is a single sourcefor air-to-surfaceweaponeering and targetvulnerabilityEMBEDDED MODULESAND TOOLS Windows AutomatedWeaponeering Program(WINJMEM) Target Complex (TARCOM)Computer Program Target Vulnerability DataAccess Program (TVDAP) Penetration and Cratering(PC-EFFECTS) Weaponeering Guide Joint Smart Weapons Module(JSWM) Delivery Accuracy Bridge Analysis System (BAS) Weaponeering Lookups Programs Interactive Training Paveway Munitions PlanningTool (PMPT) Collateral Damage Module(CDM) Building Analysis Module (BAM) GAU-8 Gun MethodJoint Munitions Effectiveness8
JMEM/SURFACE-TO-SURFACE WEAPONS EFFECTIVENESSSYSTEMS (JWES)JWESFEATURES Interactive Browser Military Operationsin Urban Terrain(MOUT) Weaponeering World Artillery andMortar Systems(WAMS) – IndirectFire World Infantry andTank Systems(WITS) – Direct FireJWES is a single source forsurface-to-surfaceweaponeering and targetvulnerabilityEMBEDDED MODULESAND TOOLS Effectiveness Guide Surface to Air Missile Site(SAMSITE) Simplified Artillery ProjectileEffectiveness Model(ARTQUIK) Fraction of TargetIncapacitation (FBAR) Passive Vehicle TargetModel (PVTM)Joint Munitions Effectiveness9
JOINT ANTIAIR COMBAT EFFECTIVENESS:AIR SUPERIORITY (J-ACE: AS) & AIR DEFENSE (J-ACE: AD)J-ACE:AS andJ-ACE:ADFEATURESJ-ACE:AS and J-ACE:AD aresources of information on antiairand air defense weaponeffectiveness against air targets Interactive Browser (Both) Weapon and TargetCharacteristics Weaponeering Antiair MissileSystem Effectiveness(J-ACE: AS) Antiair Gun WeaponSystem Effectiveness(J-ACE: AS)EMBEDDEDMODELS Joint Antiair Model(JAAM) – J-ACE: AS Gun Computer-AidedJoint MunitionsEffectiveness Manual(GunCAJ) – J-ACE: AS Joint Services EndgameModel (JSEM) – J-ACE: AD Air Defense WeaponSystem Effectiveness(J-ACE: AD)Joint Munitions Effectiveness10
SPECIAL OPERATIONS TARGET VULNERABILITY ANDWEAPONEERING MANUAL (SOM)SOMFEATURESSOM is used for specialoperations forces in planningattacks against selected targets Critical Target Elements Weapons EffectivenessInformationEMBEDDEDFEATURES Pre-calculatedvalues - documentis browsable inhtmlJoint Munitions Effectiveness11
JTCG/ME ProductsModels Advanced JointEffectiveness Model (AJEM) Joint Services Endgame Model(JSEM) ORCA COVART/FASTGEN BEAMS PENCRV3D Matrix Evaluator Fortran Stickbomb GFSM/GFSP Complex Target Bridge Attack Assess Comp ProgramService/Agency Owned Models Surface Mobile Target Methodology(PDAM, MUVES/S2,COVART) FATEPEN GENESIS Advanced Survivability AssessProgram (ASAP) Munitions Effectiveness Assessment(MEA) MEVA-GF/MEVA-MOUT SURFAC SUBVEMCD-ROMsOperational Tools JAWSJACE-ASJACE-ADJWESSpecial OperationsDatabasesDatabases JPIASJPIAS CVAACVAA AirAir TargetTarget GeometryGeometry GroundGround TargetTarget GeometryGeometry VisualizationToolVisualization Tool GroundGround TargetTarget AcquisitionAcquisition DataData ReviewReview DataData GenerationGeneration TVDMSTVDMSWINJMEMTarget Complex (TARCOM)PC-EffectsBridge Analysis System (BAS)Building Analysis Method (BAM)Joint Anti-Air Model (JAAM)Joint Smart Weapons Module(JSWM) Collateral Damage Module (CDM) Hard Target Analysis Paveway Munitions PlanningTools (PMPT)Service/Agency OwnedOperational Tools Fraction of Target Incapacitation(FBAR) ARTQUIK Passive Vehicle Target Model(PVTM) Surface-to-Air Missile Site(SAMSITE)Joint Munitions Effectiveness12
JMEM UsersWarfightersDoD/Joint/ServicePlannersService AcquisitionCommunities Operational Weaponeering Mission Planning Tactics Development War Gaming/Training Mission Area Analysis Requirement Studies Procurement Planning(Ammunition/Equipment) Performance Assessment Analysis of Alternatives (AOA) Improved/Enhanced Design Survivability EnhancementUnified Combatant Commands, Army/Navy/Air Force/USMC Operators/Unitsand Weaponeers, Service SchoolsJoint Staff (J8/J2), OSD, JWAC, BMDO,DTRA, DIA, ServiceMajor Commands and AgenciesPEO/SPO/PMs, Analytical Organizations,Service T&E Commands/Agencies, ServiceLabs/RDECs, Academia, DoD ContractorsWeaponeering/Target List Development (KAOC, CAOC)Collateral Damage Assessment (JWAC)Battle Damage Assessment (DIA)Mission Planning Support (AFATDS, CMSA .)Capabilities-Based Munitions Requirements (DoD)Muntions Effectiveness Assessment (DTRA)JAWS v2.2 (Attack)was releasedin support ofOperation EnduringFreedomAir Force/Navy/Joint Targeting SchoolsJEFX/NTC FTXPerformance Assessments (JSOW, SFW, BAT .)Counterproliferation ATDBroad User Base Supports Critical Warfighting NeedsJoint Munitions Effectiveness13
Requirements Generation ProcessInstitutionalize integrated requirements build process (Combatant Commands,Services, and Operational Users Working Groups (OUWGs)) Living Documentation Continuously update and validate requirements top down/bottom up Visible and accessible to support program build and monitor progressJoint Staff (J-8)Annual RequirementsData CallCombatant Commandsand Services Generate/Modify Top DownRequirements Review and validate prioritiesJ-8, J-2, Users andProgram OfficeRequirementsIntegration Establish 1 to N listWGs and OUWGs Semi-Annual Generate/Modify Bottom UpRequirementsProgram BuildProject Data SheetDevelopmentProgram Office, WGs andOSU RequirementsAssessment Determine es ProgramBuild ProcessLivingRequirementsDocumentJoint Munitions Effectiveness14
Integration Challenges DOT&E supports decisions on Application support must beweapon system Acquisitionthroughout the weapon life cycle(to SECDEF, USD (AT&L),and must account for changes in:Congress) Weapon Capability JTCG/ME supports decision on Threatweapon system Application Application Objectives(to warfighters in planning, training JMEM must be distributed to & inand combat operations)convenient format for the warfighterCan a Testing and Training taskhelp to meet this challenge? JMEM developed using models The test community does not Credibility is that of the modelsfocus on modeling Model “testing” is required The modeling community does(expensive, complex, slow)not focus on testing Part of a Verification, Validation Both need to better focus onand Accreditation (VV&A) processwarfighter support through JMEMJoint Munitions Effectiveness15
Advanced Joint Effectiveness Model (AJEM)Credibility of JTCGModels isKey to ContinuedWarfighter Support! Provides a single DoD standard tool for evaluating:ü Vulnerability of aircraft, missiles & ground-mobile targetsü Lethality and Effectiveness of munitions Facilitates Coordinated Joint Service Vulnerability and Lethality Methodology:ü Research and Developmentü Verification, Validation and Accreditation (VV&A)ü Estimateswww.ajem.comJoint Munitions Effectiveness16
Joint Live FireJLF established objectives 1. Gather empirical data on the vulnerability of front-line U. S. systems to foreignweapons and the lethality of U. S. weapons against foreign systems,2. Provide insight into design changes necessary to reduce vulnerabilities andimprove lethalities of U. S. weapons systems,3. Enhance the database available for battle damage assessment and repair,4. Validate current vulnerability and lethality methodologies.JLF Future Emphasis V/L Methodology Validation(JMEM Oriented Projects)Support Acquisition UpgradesOther previously establishedobjectives Joint Munitions Effectiveness17
JTCG, AJEM, JLF and Warfighter Support Credible V/L methodology is the bridge between JTCG and JLF Ensure V/L models predict actual results Restructure JLF testing to support V/L model validationØ Pre-shot predictions and post-shot analysisØ Component tests may be requiredIntegrationØ RED-on-BLUE and BLUE-on-REDSupports Life Use credible models to develop credible JMEM Accreditation will be an ongoing effortØ Broader applicationØ Higher resolution/confidenceCycle WeaponSystemEvaluation for theWarfighterThe key to good testing is a close tie between a test and thedevelopment of a method used in a model, improvement to a model,or validation between a model prediction and the test resultsJoint Munitions Effectiveness18
Integration Supporting WarfighterTraining and Combat OperationsJMEM Development Process 2 year processIntelligenceCollection/ProductionTarget entCommand identifiedtargets 660 BRL-CAD(Ground targets) FASTGEN(Air targets) STMG(Infrastructure) AJEM or COVART(Air targets) AJEM MUVES S-2(Surface Mobile) MEVA-GF(Ground fixed) ORCA(Personnel) Ground Ship Aircraft Infrastructure PersonnelSupport NGIC MSIC NAIC ONI DOT&E/TSOEffectivenessIndices or LethalAreas GenerationPD or EFDCalculation/Estimation WinJMEM/TARCOMJoint MAE General Full Spray ARTQUIK/SAMSITE BAM SWAMAE BAS ivery AccuracyDelivery Accuracy-190 FMECA Kill definition FALT trees Component data Fragmentation Blast Shaped Charge EFP Fire-150-110-70- 3 0105090Specific weaponandSpecific targetInteraction130170 Aiming/MPI Error TLE Precision/Ballistic Error Acquisition Effects of ThreatEnvironmentand CountermeasuresJoint Munitions EffectivenessJLF TestResultsModelVV&ACredibleJoint V/LModel18Credible Data forTraining, Planningand Combat OperationsJoint Munitions Effectiveness19
JTCG/ME Program ChallengesMethodology andTool StandardizationData Generation andDocumentation Collateral Damage Assessment Data Shortfalls for CriticalWeapon/Target Pairings Bridge Analysis System Building Analysis Module DoD 5000.2R Require JMEMproduction at IOC Methodologycoordinated with JTCG/ME Impact on Developmental Systems? Hardened Target Module Smart Weapons Target Acquisition Acquisition reforms impact onleveraging Service data V/L and Endgame Model Target Oriented JMEMs Strategy to capture data below ACAT 1Product ConfigurationManagement & Maintenance Services Shifting Responsibility Increasing percent of budget less discretionary funds Making Significant Progress “Procedures for Accreditation ofSoftware by the JTCG/ME”Product Generation andDistributionJTCG/ME Product andInformation Access System Consistent with JV2020 GoalsEmerging User Requirements Training Developmental Systems Data for Joint Studies Key to Responsiveness Counter Proliferation Technology Provides Opportunity Non-lethal Weapons Information Operations Focusing on Most Critical Areas Directed Energy WeaponsGrowing requirements continue to exceed available resourcesJoint Munitions Effectiveness20
JMEM Responsive to ChangingWarfare EnvironmentIncreased Weapon Systems Complexity Precision Guided Munitions – in ODS 9%, Kosovo35%, Afghanistan 70% of expended munitions byCombatant CommandsIntegrated Planning for Joint/Coalition Operations Available inventory constrains operational use each item critical Coalition Operations becoming the norm no longer US only All weather capability needed increased use of GPS multi-mode terminal seekers Must have buy-in and participation of all nations Non-kinetic capabilities increasingly employed DE, IO, etc. Strengthening the exercise program is key to successRequires methodology/data for newly fieldedand developmental systemsRequires availability of tools to planning cells integration into Mission Planning SystemsDemanding Operational Environment . 24 hour, all weather, precision engagement, restricted air-space, greatdistances from launch point to target, extraordinary concerns for collateraldamage and loss of lifeEvolving Target Set Hard and Deeply Buried WMD Reduced planning timelines shortened targeting cycle MOUT Information flow is critical Physical Infrastructure Networks Information SystemsMethodology requires shorter product cycle times .WEB based distributionCurrent OperationsSignificant cost toreplaceexpended inventory functional & physical effectsRequires accurate methodologies effects based capabilityTimely, accurate and complete JMEMs are critical Small InvestmentHigh PayoffJoint Munitions Effectiveness21
JMEM/SS Weapons Effectiveness System (JWES) v2.0 Joint Anti-Air Combat Effectiveness (J-ACE) JMEM/AS Weaponeering System (JAWS) v2.2.1 Special Operations Target Vulnerability and Weaponeering Manual v2.0 Indirect Fire Systems Pre-calculated Effectiveness Data and Operational Tools Red-on-Blue Vulnerability Data, Probability of Kill,
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