Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report
ANNUALTELECOMMUNICATIONSMONITORING REPORT2021 Key factsReleased 17 March 2022
2List of defined termsACCCAustralian Competition & Consumer CommissionADSLAsymmetric Digital Subscriber Line – a type of DSLCIPCrown Infrastructure Partners Limited – Crown-owned company formerly known as Crown FibreHoldings LimitedDSLDigital Subscriber Line – method of transmitting high-speed data and, if necessary, voicesimultaneously over a copper phone lineGBGigabyte. 1 gigabyte 1024 megabytesHFC cableHybrid Fibre-Coaxial cable – broadband network in parts of Wellington, Kapiti and Christchurchwhich uses fibre-optic and copper cablingLFCLocal Fibre Company – these are the four companies that partnered with Crown Fibre HoldingsLimited (now Crown Infrastructure Partners Limited) to build and provide wholesale access to theUFB fibre networkM-LabMeasurement Lab – an open source project dedicated to providing an open, verifiablemeasurement platform for global network performanceMBMegabyte – a multiple of the unit byte for measuring the quantity of digital informationMBNZMeasuring Broadband New Zealand – a programme run by the Commission to measure thebroadband performance of New Zealand householdsMbpsMegabits per second – used to measure data transfer speeds of high bandwidth connections, suchas fibre, Ethernet and cable modemsMVNOMobile Virtual Network Operator – an operator that provides mobile phone services but does notgenerally have its own licensed frequency allocation of radio spectrum or much of theinfrastructure required to provide mobile telephone services. It therefore relies on buying servicesfrom an operator with a full mobile network. The amount of control it has over the services it offerswill vary according to the nature of its agreementOECDOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentPPPPurchasing Power Parity – an exchange rate designed to equalise standard-of-living differencesbetween countries, and generally accepted as an appropriate conversion method for non-tradablegoods and servicesPSTNPublic Switched Telephone NetworkRSPRetail Service ProviderThe ActThe Telecommunications Act 2001UCLLUnbundled Copper Local Loop – a Chorus copper line that connects a phone user to the localexchange that can be accessed by retail telecommunications providers to provide a voice andbroadband serviceUFBUltra-Fast Broadband – the name given to the Government’s initiative to roll out afibre-to-the-premises access network to give households and businesses access to very high-speedbroadbandUFB2The extension of the UFB1 initiativeVDSLVery High Bitrate (high-speed) DSLAnnual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
3ContentsList of defined terms2New Zealand telecommunications snapshot statistics5Introduction6Key developments in 2021Mobile roaming revenue continues to fall due to travel restrictionsPopularity of uncapped mobile plans risesFormal copper migration starts7777Fixed-line connectionsCopper connections drop by 30%Households continue to drop landlines9910Fixed and mobile trafficGrowth in consumer data usage easesMobile data consumption continues to grow111113Formal copper migration startsCopper Withdrawal CodePSTN ShutdownCommission 111 Contact Code15151515Retail revenuesMobile retail revenue upMobile roaming revenues continue to fall due to travel restrictions161617OECD price benchmarkingPrice of faster fixed broadband plans riseEntry level mobile plan prices drop181820SwitchingHalf of mobile consumers remain with their provider for more than five years2121Broadband speedsAverage broadband download speeds exceed OECD averageLocal performance232324Industry investmentFibre investment drops while mobile investment rises2525Market sharesFixed broadband marketMobile market272728Market monitoring updates29Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
4Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
5New Zealand telecommunications snapshot .632.032.532.933.734.434.635.2Fixed monthly data use perbroadband connection (GB)1826324869117172207284330Fixed wireless 2.382.442.492.542.682.752.832.832.832.93Total industry metricsTotal telecommunications retailrevenue ( bn)Total telecommunicationsinvestment ( bn)Fixed line metricsFixed lines (mil)Total fixed broadbandconnections (mil)Fixed line broadbandconnections per 100 populationCopper broadband lines (000s)aUFB (government sponsoredfibre) lines (000s)bChargeable fixed voice callminutes (bn)Total fixed line retail revenues( bn)Mobile metricsMobile connections (mil)cActive mobile connections per100 populationShare mobile pre-paid (%)Average monthly mobile datausage (GB)Mobile voice call minutes (bn)Text messages sent (bn)Total mobile retailrevenues( bn)aData from ChorusData from Crown Infrastructure Partners Limited (CIP)cPrepay connections for all years are counted as those active in the prior six monthsbAnnual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
6IntroductionPurpose of this reportThis is the Commerce Commission’s (the Commission) 15th annual telecommunicationsmarket monitoring report. This report presents key industry metrics and longer-termhistorical telecommunications trends in New Zealand for 2021.This report is released under section 9A of the Telecommunications Act 2001 (the Act).Section 9A requires us to monitor competition in, and the performance and development of,telecommunications markets.Background and data sourcesSince 2007, we have collected data from various sources to monitor and understand trendsin New Zealand’s telecommunications markets, and to inform the industry and the publicabout our findings.1Each year we send a questionnaire to the industry requesting information for the financialyear ending in June. The data collected in response to our 2021 questionnaire are referredto as the 2021 results in this report.2Aggregated results from our annual industry questionnaire are published alongside theAnnual Telecommunications Monitoring Report on our website.3,4 Revenues and prices areexpressed as nominal figures (not adjusted for inflation between years) unless otherwiseindicated. Connection numbers, unless otherwise indicated, refer to both residential andbusiness connections. Where more recent industry data is available and used, the differenttime period is noted.We thank all the respondents who submitted data and look forward to their continuedcooperation. We welcome any comments or feedback on the questionnaire and this report.Please provide any comments or feedback to regulation@comcom.govt.nz with the subjectline “Telecommunications monitoring report feedback”.1234Telecommunications Act 2001, section 9A.The data from the industry questionnaire is for the 12 months to 30 June 2021 when it is a measure ofvolume like minutes. Where the data is a snapshot in time such as subscriber numbers, it is the data as at30 June 2021.The data used in our report is sometimes revised by the respondents or the Commission when it appearsinaccurate, an error has been made, or it was an estimate. Consequently, some prior year figures used inprevious reports may have been ring-reportAnnual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
7Key developments in 2021Mobile roaming revenue continues to fall due to travel restrictionsOngoing border closures restricting travel led to total mobile roaming revenue dropping to 15.6 million in 2021, down 86% from 2019. Revenue from domestic customers roamingoverseas fell 90% from 2019, while revenue from subscribers of overseas networks roamingin New Zealand fell 72% from 2019.Popularity of uncapped mobile plans risesIn 2021, 42% (or 739,000) of residential on-account subscribers purchased uncapped‘endless’ mobile bundles, up from 18% in 2020. Similarly, 26% (or 348,000) of business onaccount subscribers purchased uncapped mobile bundles in 2021, up from 10% in 2020.Entry level mobile plan prices dropThe cheapest offer for an entry level mobile plan of 50 minutes of calling and 500MB of datadecreased by 2 in 2021 to 15 per month. Similarly, the cheapest offer for a mobile plan of188 minutes of calling and 2GB of data decreased by 1 in 2021 to 27.Fixed-line broadband data usage growth easesData usage by both fixed and mobile connections has continued to increase over the year.The average amount of data consumed on a fixed-line broadband connection increasedfrom 284GB to 330GB per month. The average amount of data consumed on a mobileconnection increased from 3.29GB to 4.21GB per month. However, the growth in fixed-linebroadband data usage eased to 16%, compared to 2020 where growth was 37%.Formal copper migration startsChorus began the process of formally withdrawing copper services where fibre is available inMarch 2021 by issuing the first notices under the Copper Withdrawal Code. As at 30 June2021, Chorus had yet to withdraw any copper services but had issued 1,100 first notices and128 further notices under the Copper Withdrawal Code.At the same time, Spark has started the process of progressively shutting down its PublicSwitched Telephone Network (PSTN) and moving customers off copper products.The ongoing trend of customers choosing to move off copper services, combined with thestart of formal withdrawal has seen total copper broadband connections drop 30% to308,000 in the year to 30 September 2021.Commission 111 Contact Code comes into forceFrom 1 February 2021, retail service providers (RSPs) have been required to tell newcustomers and remind existing customers that their home phone may not work in a powercut. RSPs had until 1 August 2021 to make extra support available to customers who meetthe Commission 111 Contact Code criteria of a ‘vulnerable consumer’.55The 111 Contact Code and Reasons Paper can be found at nual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
8As at 30 June 2021, RSPs had received approximately 545 vulnerable consumer applicationsand had accepted 333 of them.Half of all mobile consumers remain with their provider for more than five yearsA statistically significant consumer survey undertaken for the Commission found that fixedbroadband customers switched providers more frequently than mobile customers. 52% ofmobile customers have been with their current provider for more than five years, comparedwith 43% of fixed broadband customers.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
9Fixed-line connectionsCopper connections drop by 30%Figure 1: Fixed-line broadband connections by technology1,3001,2001,1001,000900Connections VDSLAll copperFixed wirelessSource: Chorus, CIP, annual telecommunications questionnaireIn the year to 30 September 2021, total copper broadband connections dropped by 30% to308,000, split between 152,000 ADSL connections, 148,000 VDSL connections, and 8,000UCLL connections. As shown in Figure 1, this continues an ongoing trend of copperbroadband connections dropping while fibre and fixed wireless broadband connections rise.As at 30 September 2021, around 1.78 million households and businesses were able toconnect to the Ultra-Fast Broadband (UFB) fibre network with 1.18 million of them havingalready moved to fibre.6 The UFB2 build is ongoing and, by the end of 2022, over 1.8 millionhouseholds and businesses, or 87% of New Zealanders, should have the ability to connect tofibre.Fixed wireless connections have increased to 276,000 up 25% from 2020. As at 30 June2021, New Zealand ranked fourth highest out of OECD countries for fixed wireless6Crown Infrastructure Partners “Quarterly Connectivity Update – Q3: to 30 September 2021”.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
10broadband connections with 5.4 subscriptions per 100 of population, behind the CzechRepublic at 14.8, the Slovak Republic at 8.1, and Estonia at 5.5.7Households continue to drop landlinesHouseholds are moving away from traditional landline services for calling. Landlineconnections (including broadband-voice bundles) have continued to decline in 2021, down24% on 2020.As shown in Figure 2 below, two-thirds of household fixed-line connections now have novoice service (naked broadband).Figure 2: Residential fixed-lines by connection type100%90%80%70%66%60%50%40%30%20%30%10%5%0%Voice onlyBroadband and voice bundleNaked broadbandOf the remaining residential landline customers, 16% have a traditional copper phone lineand 84% are on alternative technologies such as fibre and fixed band-statistics/Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
11Fixed and mobile trafficGrowth in consumer data usage easesFigure 3: Average fixed-line broadband data consumptionData used per connection per month (GB)350300250200150100500Figure 3 shows the continued growth in the consumption of fixed-line broadband in 2021.Responses to our questionnaire indicate that the average amount of data used by eachfixed-line broadband subscriber per month rose to 330GB in 2021.While fixed-line broadband data usage has increased, the rate of growth has eased off, withgrowth this year only 16% compared with 37% last year. This equates to a 46GB increase inaverage consumption this year compared to a 77GB increase last year.The impact of COVID-19 alert level changes on fixed broadband usage can be seen in Figure4 on page 12.8 Usage spiked when Auckland was in Alert Level 3 and the rest of New Zealandwas in Alert Level 2 (shown in orange in Figure 5).9 Usage was generally lower outside theselockdown periods but has trended upwards over the year.89Figure 4 shows broadband usage on the Chorus network so it may not be indicative of the usage trendson other local fibre companies’ networks, fixed wireless, satellite or HFC cable usage.A timeline of Alert Level changes can be found at /history-of-the-covid-19-alert-system/Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
12Figure 4: Weekly broadband usage on Chorus’ networkSource: Chorus via Statistics New Zealand’s COVID-19 data portalAnnual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
13Mobile data consumption continues to growFigure 5: Mobile data consumption104.50Average monthly data per connection4.003.503.002.502.001.501.000.500.00The amount of data consumed over mobile networks by retail customers continued to growin 2021, as shown in Figure 5. The average amount of mobile data consumed per connectionis now 4.21GB per month, up from 3.29GB per month in 2020.The increasing uptake of ‘endless’ plans has likely contributed to the growth of mobile datausage. As shown in Figure 6 below, 42% (or 739,000) of residential on-account subscribersnow purchase ‘endless’ mobile bundles, up from 18% in 2020.Similarly, 26% (or 348,000) of business on-account subscribers purchased uncapped mobilebundles in 2021, up from 10% in 2020.10Calculated based on connections who have used mobile data.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
14Figure 6: Data allowances of residential on-account plans100%4%11%12%90%7%80%18%% of residential on-account 7%10%0%2018/19Less than 3GB3GB to 8GB2019/20Greater than 8GBAnnual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 20212020/21'Endless' dataOther
15Formal copper migration startsCopper Withdrawal CodeChorus began the process of formally withdrawing copper services in March 2021 by issuingthe first notices under the Copper Withdrawal Code.11 An interactive map of areas whereChorus has begun the withdrawal process can be found on its website. Under the CopperWithdrawal Code, Chorus is only able to withdraw copper in areas where the Commissionhas declared that fibre services are available.12The Copper Withdrawal Code requires Chorus to provide notice to copper customers priorto their service being withdrawn. First notices are sent to all affected copper customers atleast six months before their copper service is set to be withdrawn. Three months beforetheir copper service is set to be withdrawn, if a customer has yet to move to an alternativeservice, they will be provided with a further notice. Finally, 20 working days before thecopper service is withdrawn, any remaining customers will be provided with a final notice.As at 30 June 2021, Chorus had yet to withdraw any copper services as only four monthshad passed since the Copper Withdrawal Code came into force. However, Chorus has begunthe process for withdrawing copper at some premises, with 1,100 first notices and 128further notices issued as at 30 June 2021.PSTN ShutdownIndependent to Chorus’ copper withdrawal, Spark has begun the process of progressivelyshutting down its PTSN network and moving customers off copper products. Spark hasadvised “[t]he parts we need to keep it going aren’t being made any more, so it’s time for usto retire the PSTN.”13 A list of affected switches and exchanges can be found on Spark’swebsite.In addition, other RSPs may make commercial decisions to stop selling copper products tocustomers ahead of the Chorus and Spark withdrawal processes.Commission 111 Contact CodeThe Commission 111 Contact Code supports consumers who can no longer contact 111 in apower cut because they have moved to landline technologies such as fibre and fixedwireless.14 These technologies require a power supply in the home to work, meaning theywill not work in a power cut without an independent power source.11121314The Copper Withdrawal Code and Reasons Paper can be found at s-for-copper-withdrawal/copperwithdrawal-codeA map of these Specified Fibre Areas can be found at sSee ration/ (Accessed 14 January 2022)The 111 Contact Code and Reasons Paper can be found at nual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
16From 1 February 2021, RSPs have been required to tell new customers and remind existingcustomers at least once a year that their home phone may not work in a power cut. RSPshad until August 2021 to make extra support available to customers who meet the criteriaof a ‘vulnerable consumer’. Under the Commission 111 Contact Code consumers who meetthe vulnerable consumer criteria must be supplied with a means of contacting 111 in theevent of a power failure at their home. This will either be a mobile phone or a battery backup depending on the consumers’ situation.As at 30 June 2021, RSPs had received approximately 545 vulnerable consumer applicationsand accepted 333 of them. The most common reason for declined applications was that theconsumer already had a means by which to contact the 111-emergency service.Retail revenuesMobile retail revenue upFigure 7: Telecommunications retail revenues by service6Retail revenues (billions )543210Total fixed networkTotal mobileTotal telecommunicationsFigure 7 shows that retail telecommunications revenue increased 1% to 5.29 billion in2021. Fixed network revenue decreased 1% to 2.36 billion in 2021. This fall was offset by anincrease in mobile revenue of 4% to 2.93 billion in 2021.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
17Mobile roaming revenues continue to fall due to travel restrictionsFigure 8: Mobile roaming revenue by type160Roaming revenues (millions )140120100806040200Domestic customers roaming overseasSubscribers of overseas networks roaming in NZTotal roaming revenueAs shown in Figure 8 above, total mobile roaming revenue in the year to 30 June 2021 fell to 15.6 million, down 86% from 2019. Revenue from domestic customers roaming overseasfell 90%, while revenue from subscribers of overseas networks roaming in New Zealand fell72% compared with 2019.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
18OECD price benchmarkingEach year we benchmark the prices New Zealanders pay for common plans for fixed-linebroadband and mobile against OECD averages. We use the database that has been preparedby the Teligen division at Strategy Analytics.15,16Price of faster fixed broadband plans riseMost consumers of fixed-line telecommunications services buy either a bundle that includesboth a voice and broadband service or naked broadband.To get an indication of how New Zealand fixed-line broadband prices compare to thoseoverseas, we compared the price of the cheapest plan on offer in New Zealand against theaverage price of the cheapest plan available in OECD countries for fixed broadband servicesover four categories that represent various levels of usage and speed.17With 79% of households on unlimited plans, we track two categories with 500GB of data (asa proxy for unlimited data). The first unlimited category tracks those plans offering speedsof at least 100Mbps, and the second category looks at plans offering at least 800Mbps.We also track two lower speed plans that have data restrictions. The first category looks atentry level plans that offer at least 60GB of data and speeds of 10Mbps, while the secondcategory tracks light user plans that offer at least 150GB and speeds of 30Mbps.Table 1: Fixed-line broadband only benchmarkingPrice in NZD (PPP)Dec-21Broadband onlyPrice differencefrom 2020NZ rank inOECDNZOECDaverageNZOECDaverageEntry level60GB 10Mbps26/37 62 55- 3 2Light user150GB 30Mbps29/37 73 59nochange 1Medium userUnlimited (500GB) 100Mbps31/37 86 65 13- 2High userUnlimited (500GB) 800Mbps19/35 90 108 17- 3Source: Strategy Analytics151617Teligen typically collects plan information on the incumbent providers who serve at least 70% ofcustomers in a given country.The countries included in calculating the average vary because not all have comparable plans.Spark, Vodafone, Slingshot and Orcon are the only New Zealand brands included in Teligen’s fixed-linebroadband benchmark dataset. These brands make up roughly 72% of the fixed-broadband market.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
19As shown in Table 1 above the price of medium user broadband-only plans has increased,with the cheapest offer in the medium user category increasing by 13 since 2020. Similarly,the cheapest offer in the high user category has increased by 17 since 2020.Table 2: Fixed-line broadband and voice benchmarkingPrice in NZD (PPP)Dec-21Broadband voicePrice differencefrom 2020NZ rank inOECDNZOECDaverageNZOECDaverageEntry level60GB 10Mbps23/31 72 71- 3 6Light user150GB 30Mbps25/31 85 75 5 5Medium userUnlimited (500GB) 100Mbps25/31 97 83 13 6High userUnlimited (500GB) 800Mbps15/26 101 118 17 3Source: Strategy AnalyticsAs shown in Table 2 above, since 2020 the price of the cheapest broadband and voicebundles increased in all categories apart from the entry level category.Like naked broadband, the high user category is the only broadband and voice bundlecategory where the cheapest New Zealand price is cheaper than the OECD average.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
20Entry level mobile plan prices dropTo get an indication of how New Zealand mobile prices compare to those overseas, wecompared the price of the cheapest plan on offer in New Zealand against an average of thecheapest price available in OECD countries for mobile services over five categories of planswith a range of call and data allowances.18Table 3 shows that New Zealand’s benchmarked mobile prices were below the OECDaverage for the entry level and lower user categories above the OECD average for themedium user, high user, and ultra-high user category.Table 3: Mobile phone services benchmarkingPrice in NZD (PPP)Nov-21Mobile phone servicesEntry level50 minutes 500MBLow user188 minutes 2GBMedium user569 minutes 5GBHigh user1787 minutes 10GBUltra-high userUnlimited calls 20GBPrice differencefrom 2020NZ rank inOECD*NZOECDAverageNZOECD*average11/37 15 24- 2nochange20/37 27 31- 1- 126/37 40 38- 7- 526/37 50 47no change- 625/34 76 63no change- 5Source: Strategy AnalyticsThe cheapest plan on offer in the medium user category has decreased by 7 per monthsince 2020. The cheapest plans on offer in the entry level and low user categories have alsodecreased in price since 2020. The cheapest entry level offer has decreased by 2 per monthand the cheapest low user offer has decreased by 1 per month. While the cheapest offerfor all other categories has remained unchanged since 2020.18Spark, Skinny and Vodafone are the only brands included in Teligen’s mobile benchmark dataset. Thesebrands make up 79% of the mobile market.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
21SwitchingHalf of mobile consumers remain with their provider for more than five yearsThe Consumer Telecommunications Survey 2021 was the Commission’s first large scale,statistically significant consumer survey to measure consumers’ experience of specific areasof retail service quality.19,20Figure 9: How long mobile customers have been with their current 0%Don't knowUp to 12 months1-2 years3-5 yearsMore than 5 yearsSource: Consumer Telecommunications Survey 2021The survey found that 52% of mobile customers have been with their current provider formore than five years. However, this data does not capture any switching between differentplans with the same provider.Our industry questionnaire results found that in 2021, 5% (or 136,000) of prepaycustomers21 stayed with the same provider but switched their base plan. 10% (or 186,000)of customers now on an on-account account plan had switched from a prepay plan with thesame provider. Our industry questionnaire results also found that in 2021, 23% (or 407,000)of residential on-account customers stayed with the same provider but switched their base192021The survey questions were developed in partnership with Consumer NZ.The survey was carried out by Research New Zealand. A report from Research New Zealand whichprovides detail on the methodology used and results of the survey can be found athttps://comcom.govt.nz/ data/assets/pdf rcentage of total prepay customers who were active in the last 6 months as at year end.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
22plan, and 3% (or 78,000) of customers who were now on a prepay plan had switched from aresidential on-account plan with the same provider.Figure 10: How long fixed broadband consumers have been with their current provider50%43%40%30%20%21%1-2 years3-5 years20%15%10%2%0%Don't knowUp to 12 monthsMore than 5 yearsSource: Consumer Telecommunications Survey 2021The survey also found that fixed broadband customers switched more frequently thanmobile customers, with 43% of fixed broadband customers remaining with their currentprovider for more than five years compared with 52% of mobile customers.Annual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
23Broadband speedsAverage broadband download speeds exceed OECD averageThe website Cable.co.uk creates a yearly worldwide broadband speed league based on datagathered internationally by Measurement Lab (M-Lab). The league ranks the averagedownload speed on fixed broadband connections.22In 2021, New Zealand ranked 11th in the OECD, with average fixed broadband downloadspeeds of 86Mbps up from 67Mbps in 2020. Figure 11 below compares New Zealand againstthe same subset of OECD countries shown in the affordability graphs on page 3. NewZealand’s average fixed broadband download speeds exceed average speeds in Australia,Ireland, the UK, Germany and the OECD average of 64Mbps.Figure 11: Average broadband download speed120.00Download speed (mbps)100.0080.0060.0040.0020.000.00Source: Cable.co.ukIn December 2021, Chorus, Enable and Tuatahi First Fibre increased the wholesale speed forconsumers on 100Mbps fibre plans to 300Mbps free of charge. We anticipate that the 2022speed results will show an increase in average fixed broadband speed due to this change.22Full results and methodology can be found at peed-league/#mapAnnual Telecommunications Monitoring Report 2021
24Local performanceOn 1 December 2021 we released our Spring 2021 Measuring Broadband New Zealand(MBNZ) Report. The full report and previous reports can be found on our MBNZ reportswebpage.23This report, prepared based on information from independent testing partner SamKnowsprovides a breakdown of the broadband speeds by technology in New Zealand, as shown inFigure 12 below.Figure 12: Average broadband download speed by technology900836.1807.3800Download speed (Mbps)700600500400354.7300201.7200100.9 100.31008.98.838.6 38.235.2 29.2VDSLFixed Wireless0ADSL24/7Fibre 100Fibre MaxHFC MaxPeakSource: Measuring Broadband New Zealand Spring Report, December 2021The Spring 2021 report includes further regional and retailer breakdowns for Fibre 100 andFibre Max plans.The report also includes tests showing disconnection rates and the perfor
market monitoring report. This report presents key industry metrics and longer-term historical telecommunications trends in New Zealand for 2021. This report is released under section 9A of the Telecommunications Act 2001 (the Act). Section 9A requires us to monitor competition in, and the performance and development of, telecommunications markets.
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I TELECOMMUNICATIONS REGULATION: AN INTRODUCTION Nicholas Economides T HE U.S. TELECOMMUNICATIONS sector is going through a significant change. A number of factors contribute and define this change. The first is the rapid technological change in key inputs of telecommunications
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