LOS ANGELES CITYWIDE HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENT Context: Architecture .
LOS ANGELES CITYWIDE HISTORIC CONTEXT STATEMENTContext: Architecture and EngineeringTheme: The Ranch House, 1930-1975Theme: Housing the Masses, 1880-1975Sub-Theme: Ranch House Neighborhoods, 1938-1975Prepared for:City of Los AngelesDepartment of City PlanningOffice of Historic ResourcesDecember 2015
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House NeighborhoodsTABLE OF CONTENTSPREFACE3CONTRIBUTORS3INTRODUCTION3HISTORIC CONTEXT4THEME: The Ranch House, 1930-1975SUB-THEME: Traditional Custom Ranch House, 1930-1975SUB-THEME: Contemporary Custom Ranch House, 1945-1975SUB-THEME: Commercial and Institutional Ranch Style, 1945-197521212326THEME: Housing the Masses, 1880-1980SUB-THEME: Ranch House Neighborhoods, 1938-19752828SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY31Page 2
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House NeighborhoodsPREFACEThe themes of “The Ranch House, 1930-1975” and “Ranch House Neighborhoods, 1938-1975” arecomponents of Los Angeles’ citywide historic context statement and provides guidance to fieldsurveyors in identifying and evaluating potential historic resources relating to the Ranch house type andstyle of architecture. Refer to www.HistoricPlacesLA.org for information on designated resourcesassociated with this context as well as those identified through SurveyLA and other surveys.CONTRIBUTORSKatie E. Horak and Andrew Goodrich, AICP, Architectural Resources Group (ARG); Alan Hess, consultantto ICF International; John English, ICF International. Ms. Horak is a Principal at ARG and an adjunctlecturer at the University of Southern California (USC) School of Architecture. She earned her Master ofHeritage Conservation from USC and has more than ten years’ experience in the field of historicresources management. Mr. Goodrich is an Architectural Historian/Preservation Planner at ARG withMaster of Planning and Master of Heritage Conservation degrees, both from USC. He has been workingin the field of preservation planning since 2008. Mr. Hess is an architect, historian, and architecture criticfor the San Jose Mercury News. He has written nineteen books on Modern architecture and urbanism inthe mid-twentieth century, including The Ranch House (Harry N. Abrams, 2005). Mr. English is anarchitectural historian with more than 20 years’ experience in historic and cultural resourcemanagement. He contributed to the development of historic contexts related to the Ranch house andsuburbanization in the early phases of SurveyLA.INTRODUCTIONConceived from a variety of stylistic influences that incorporated references to the past as well as thoseassociated with the more forward-thinking, avant-garde tenets of Modernism, the Ranch house andRanch style architecture made their formal debut in the 1920s. Ranch houses were built in the 1930sand 1940s but proliferated after World War II, when they became the preferred choice for residentialdesign in many cities and suburbs across the nation including Los Angeles. Ranch style architecture waspredominantly expressed in the form of single-family houses but was occasionally applied to multifamily residences, commercial buildings, and public and private institutional buildings, rendering itamong the most widespread and recognizable components of Los Angeles’ postwar built environment.Ranch style architecture in Los Angeles is addressed under two related themes within the Architectureand Engineering context: The Ranch House, and Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoods. TheRanch House theme examines custom-designed Ranch houses that are individually significant for theirarchitectural quality and design. Houses addressed in this theme were individually commissioned andwere typically designed by noted architects. The Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodstheme applies to post-World War II Ranch house neighborhoods that, as a whole, are significant fortheir architectural merit and represent some of the best concentrations of the style in Los Angeles.These include neighborhoods of mass produced “tract houses,” as well as neighborhoods of customizedRanch houses.The Ranch House theme contains three sub-themes: Traditional Custom Ranch House, 1930-1975;Contemporary Custom Ranch House, 1945-1975; and Commercial and Institutional Ranch Style, 19451975. The Traditional Custom Ranch House examines custom-designed single-family houses thatPage 3
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodsembody the Traditional Ranch style, which incorporates historicist elements and is commonly portrayedas the “quintessential Ranch house.” The Contemporary Custom Ranch House examines customdesigned, single-family houses that exemplify the Contemporary Ranch style, which blends together theprevailing design philosophy underpinning the Ranch house and the abstract forms and geometries ofModernism. Commercial and Institutional Ranch Style accounts for commercial, institutional, and multifamily residential properties that exhibit the characteristics of Ranch style architecture and demonstratehow the Ranch aesthetic was adapted to building types other than single-family residences.Evaluation ConsiderationsPost-World War II suburbanization is a broad topic in Los Angeles that is covered in depth under theResidential Development and Suburbanization context. Although Ranch House neighborhoods may havesingular significance for their architectural quality, they may also be significant under other themesrelating to post WWII suburbanization. For these reasons, the Housing the Masses/Ranch HouseNeighborhoods theme may have some overlap with other themes as follows: Ranch house neighborhoods that exemplify post-World War II residential development conceptsmay be evaluated under the Suburban Planning and Development theme within the ResidentialDevelopment and Suburbanization context. Ranch house neighborhoods that are associated with significant Los Angeles developers may beevaluated under the Developers and the Development Process theme within the ResidentialDevelopment and Suburbanization context.HISTORIC CONTEXTFew architectural idioms have had as profound an impact on the built environment of the nation – andparticularly Los Angeles – as the Ranch house. While they were well-accepted prior to World War II,Ranch style houses are most strongly associated with the rapid suburbanization that occurred in thepostwar period, during which time they were built in unprecedented numbers. Referring to the Ranchhouse in 1949, Architectural Forum declared that “never before in the history of U.S. buildings had onehouse type made such an impact on the industry in so short a time.”1 Los Angeles in particular becamewell-known as a place inextricably tied to the Ranch house, helping to establish standards for the rest ofthe nation. By the 1970s, when their popularity had begun to wane, Ranch houses had become firmlyingrained in the public consciousness as a ubiquitous component of suburban America.“Ranch House” is a broad term that refers to two related aspects of the built environment — a propertytype, and a style of architecture most commonly applied to residential buildings.2 As a property type, theRanch house refers to a one-story, single-family residence with a rambling footprint, horizontal massing,an open and free-flowing interior plan, and an integral relationship with the outdoors. Historians AlanHess and John English note that the informal composition of the Ranch house type exhibits “many of thesame spatial and structural tendencies seen in other Modern residential architecture of the period,though in a more moderate manner.” Moreover, Ranch houses were almost always accompanied by a1Rosalyn Baxandall and Elizabeth Ewen, Picture Windows: How the Suburbs Happened (New York: Perseus Books Group, 2000),132.2This paragraph is adapted from the work of Alan Hess and John English, who contributed to the Ranch House context in theearly phases of SurveyLA.Page 4
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodsgarage to house the family’s car. As an architectural style, the Ranch house refers to a distinctiveaesthetic that is defined by a number of essential physical characteristics: informality and asymmetry,low-pitched roofs, a variety of façade treatments that typically includes wood board-and-batten siding,picture windows, and the application of historicist or modern ornament and details.The origins of the twentieth century Ranch house can be traced to multiple architectural and culturalantecedents, some of which embraced past traditions and others that rejected them. At the forefrontwere the vernacular residential buildings that peppered the landscape of the American West andSouthwest in the nineteenth century, specifically the haciendas of Southern California and the simple,wood-frame farmhouses built by early American pioneers who set down roots in Northern California,Texas, and the plains of the American West.3 Erected when California was under Spanish (1769-1821)and later Mexican (1821-1848) rule, haciendas drew upon the vernacular architecture of Spain andtypically featured adobe walls, low-pitched shed or gabled roofs, and decorative wood window grilles(rejas) and lattices (celosias).4 Haciendas eschewed rigid symmetry and formality and instead featuredasymmetrical, rambling forms that were oriented inward and opened into a courtyard. Similarly, earlyAmerican farmhouses assumed a plainspoken appearance and were characterized by their asymmetry,prominent front porches, board-and-batten siding, and cedar shake roofs.5 Both haciendas and earlyAmerican farmhouses projected a sense of simplicity, directness, rusticity, and authenticity that provedripe for reinterpretation in the early twentieth century, a time when the American public expressed aheightened interest in its collective past and Colonial-era roots.Antecedents to the twentieth century Ranch house included Mexican-era haciendas (pictured left) and simple wood-framefarmhouses (pictured right) (Security National Bank Collection/Los Angeles Public Library).A number of more progressive architectural trends that took root in the early twentieth century alsoinfluenced the Ranch house, albeit in a less direct manner. Of note was the Craftsman movement, whichgained traction in Southern California and also in the hills of Berkeley in Northern California; the PrairieSchool, which proliferated in the Midwest and was championed by Frank Lloyd Wright; and earlyModernism as expressed in the pioneering work of Modern architect R.M. Schindler. Though thesemovements all developed within different contexts and may not appear, at first glance, to work towarda common goal, they all rejected past traditions and advocated an aesthetic that was more simple and3Alan Hess, The Ranch House (New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc., 2004), 20.“The Ranch House in Georgia,” prepared by New South Associates for the Georgia State Office of Historic Preservation, 2010,Chapter 2: Context and Period of Significance, 5.5 “The Ranch House in Georgia,” Chapter 2, 7.4Page 5
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodshonest, embraced the use of natural materials and abstract ornament, were configured in an open, freeflowing manner that enhanced livability, and were appropriately suited to their respective context. Asnoted by Alan Hess, these architectural movements helped to inspire the twentieth century Ranchhouse by laying “the foundations for new themes in residential architecture – themes related toinformal living, indoor-outdoor spaces, rustic aesthetics and natural materials, simple materials simplyexpressed, a low profile, a fascination with the vernacular which the Ranch House continued.”6Also important to the conception of the Ranch house was the advent of the automobile. In the latenineteenth and early twentieth centuries, houses tended to be concentrated in areas within walkingdistance to streetcar lines and, given the finite amount of land around these lines, they tended to besmall and compact. However, as more and more Americans purchased cars in the early twentiethcentury, it became feasible to build houses beyond those areas adjacent to transit lines. The freedom ofmovement afforded by the car made it possible for houses to assume more horizontal plans and tooccupy wider lots than before, making the construction of rambling Ranch houses much more feasible.From this amalgam of influences emerged what are considered to be the earliest examples of thetwentieth century Ranch house. In 1903, architects Charles and Henry Greene, best known for theirCraftsman style houses, designed what is considered to be one of the first examples of the Ranch housenear Pasadena for the son and daughter-in-law of Don Juan Bandini, a prominent nineteenth centuryCalifornia land owner.7 Greene and Greene designed the Bandini House to resemble the vernaculararchitecture of California haciendas: the one-story house had a rambling, U-shaped plan; rooms wereoriented around a rear-facing courtyard and were connected by an exterior corridor supported by hewntimber posts; and ornament was restrained as to maintain a rusticated and unassuming appearance.8However, instead of adobe bricks, exterior surfaces were clad with board-and-batten siding that wasmost often seen on early American farmhouses. The Bandini House was demolished in the 1960s.In 1927, Bay Area architect William Wurster designed another early example of the Ranch in ScottsValley, California, several hundred miles north of the Bandini House. Commissioned by Sadie Gregory,the widow of a prominent San Francisco attorney, the dwelling was fashioned after the simple workingranch buildings of California’s Central Valley, where Wurster was raised. The Gregory Farmhouse wasdeliberately designed to project a crude and rusticated appearance and is often described as resembling“a collection of sheds.”9 Its low-to-the-ground profile, one-story configuration, L-shaped footprint, cedarshake roof, vertical board siding, and sparse ornament evoked vivid images of rugged nineteenthcentury California and a sense of authenticity. Sunset magazine prominently featured the house on thecover of its July, 1930 edition and described its aesthetic as “sophisticated rusticity.”10The Bandini House and the Gregory Farmhouse were among the earliest buildings in California to exhibitthe essential characteristics of the Ranch house. However, since this architectural type was still cominginto being, neither residence was explicitly described as “Ranch” at the time of its construction. Rather,it was the work of one man, Cliff May, commonly referred to as “father of the Ranch house,” thatpropelled the style into the public consciousness and rendered it a popular choice for residential design.6Hess, The Ranch House, 25.Huntington Library, Art Collections, and Botanical Gardens, “Full-Size Portion of Demolished Bandini House to be Re-Created,Installed as Part of Exhibition,” press release, July 7, 2008.8 Hess, The Ranch House, 21; “The Ranch House in Georgia,” Chapter 2, 8.9Hess, The Ranch House, 26; Gordon Young, “Blueprint for Obscurity,” Metro, January 18-24, 1996, n.p.10“The Ranch House in Georgia,” Chapter 2, 9.7Page 6
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House NeighborhoodsThe Gregory Farmhouse in Scotts Valley, California, built in 1927 and designed by architect William Wurster, is considered to beone of the earliest examples of the Ranch house (Calisphere).A sixth-generation Californian and a descendent of San Diego’s pioneering Estudillo family, designerClifford Magee “Cliff” May did not invent the Ranch house, but is arguably the figure most closelyassociated with its early popularization. It has been said that “more than any other designer, architect,or developer, it was Cliff May who perfected the graceful, informal, low-slung, single-story style markedby the mingling of interior and exterior spaces.”11 May, in collaboration with contractor Orville Miracle,designed his first Ranch house on speculation in San Diego in 1931. Between 1931 and 1937, Maydesigned roughly 50 Ranch houses around San Diego before relocating his practice to Los Angeles in1938. Drawing upon many of the ideas that Greene and Greene, Wurster, and others had experimentedwith in previous years, May developed his own distinctive aesthetic that was characterized by open andfree-flowing interior plans, a blending of interior and exterior spaces, and a hand-hewn character thatloosely resembled the haciendas of early California. The “California Ranch Houses” that represent May’searly work are described by historian Mary van Balgooy as follows:Generally, May designed his houses as asymmetrical, one-story dwellings with a low-pitchedroof and wide overhanging eaves. One room deep, it was crucial that the house take an L- or Ushaped configuration to form a patio or courtyard in the back so that the rooms of the ranchhouse faced or opened into these areas. Like the California adobes of the nineteenth century,May’s houses did not include an interior hallway. Instead an exterior corredor, or coveredveranda, served as the primary hallway of the house. May also designed his houses so that they11Sam Hall Kaplan, “Cliff May’s Quintessential Ranch Houses,” Los Angeles Times, February 7, 1987.Page 7
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodspresented a blank façade to the street; however, he modernized his ranch houses with the useof large picture windows for the rooms facing the back.12As May’s career progressed, so too did his interpretation of the Ranch style, and by the late 1930s hishouses adhered to one of two basic design schemes. First was his quintessential “Mexican Hacienda,”which featured clay tile roofs, troweled stucco exteriors, deeply inset windows and doors, and hewnlintels. Second was what May dubbed the “Early California Rancheria,” which more closely resembledthe farmhouses of the American West and exhibited such features as board-and-batten siding and woodshake roofs.13 May’s designs were featured in popular magazines, most notably Sunset, which presentedhis interpretation of the Ranch house to a wide audience and thrust it into the national spotlight.The Arthur Hess Residence in Northridge (1942) is typical of the custom Ranch houses built prior to World War II (Calisphere).By about 1940, the Ranch style had emerged as a popular choice for residential architecture and hadsecured its position as “an accepted style for custom houses throughout the United States.”14 Due tothe commodious lots and desirable suburban settings that were generally required of these dwellings,Ranch style houses that were built prior to World War II tended to be large, high-style residences that12Mary A. van Balgooy, “Designer of the Dream: Cliff May and the California Ranch House,” Southern California Quarterly 86.2(Summer 2004): 127-144.13 Van Balgooy, “Designer of the Dream,” 127-144.14Hess, The Ranch House, 37.Page 8
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodswere custom-designed for individual clients. Cliff May was one of the designers most closely associatedwith the architectural type, but almost every architect and designer of note included Ranch in the“menu” of architectural styles she or he offered clients. In and around Los Angeles, noted architectsincluding Gerard Colcord, H. Roy Kelley, Wallace Neff, Lutah Maria Riggs, Sumner Spaulding, and Paul R.Williams incorporated Ranch into their repertoire, as did many others. In the 1930s and early 1940s, anumber of these sprawling, custom Ranch houses were constructed in some of Los Angeles’ moreaffluent neighborhoods including Bel Air, Brentwood, Pacific Palisades, and the hills of the San FernandoValley, all of which possessed the rural, suburban backdrop that was so strongly associated with thisarchitectural type. Cliff May designed several custom Ranch houses in the Brentwood and PacificPalisades area around this time, including the Cliff May Experimental House at 1831 Old Ranch Rd. (HCM#716), which for a period served as his personal residence.In the years immediately preceding World War II, several Los Angeles architects and builders began toexperiment with the construction of Ranch style houses on a larger scale. In 1939, Cliff May embarkedupon the development of Riviera Ranch, a small subdivision composed of custom Ranch houses off ofSunset Boulevard in the Brentwood area.15 Deed restrictions ensured that the houses constructed inRiviera Ranch kept in character with May’s trademark California Ranch style, and many of the houseswere designed by May himself. Opened to the public in 1940, Riviera Ranch is generally considered to bethe most complete embodiment of May’s early work. Advertisements for Riviera Ranch were awash inimagery and hyperbole, extolling the merits of the semi-rural lifestyle that these houses offered andemphasizing the historical association to the respective Mexican rancho on which they were situated.Newspaper advertisements for Cliff May’s Riviera Ranch subdivision, 1940-1941 (Historic Los Angeles Times).At around the same time that Cliff May developed Riviera Ranch, several California merchant buildersexperimented with the incorporation of Ranch style architecture into the design of mass-produceddwellings for households of more modest means. This “democratization” of the Ranch house took rootin the late 1930s, as the need for new housing became apparent in areas of the country such as LosAngeles that were experiencing considerable growth in their defense and aircraft industries. Developers15Hess, The Ranch House, 34.Page 9
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodsand community builders responded to the increased demand for housing by devising new methods oferecting small, economical houses by the hundreds. The construction of houses on such a large scalemarked a diversion from what were then considered to be more conventional methods of residentialdevelopment, in which local builders would develop a handful of houses in a piecemeal manner.16Leading the charge toward the mass production of housing were merchant builders Fred Marlow andFritz Burns of Los Angeles, and David Bohannon of the San Francisco Bay area. Marlow and Burnspioneered mass production efforts in Los Angeles by developing entire new communities includingWindsor Hills (1938), Westside Village in West Los Angeles (1939), Westchester (1941), and TolucaWood in the San Fernando Valley (1941). Bohannon spearheaded similar large-scale building efforts inNorthern California, specifically in the suburbs of San Francisco.Newspaper advertisements for Marlow-Burns’ Toluca Wood development, 1941 (Historic Los Angeles Times).Marlow, Burns, Bohannon, and their contemporaries all expressed a strong preference for Ranch stylearchitecture in their new, mass-produced communities.17 Specifically, they took the essential form andaesthetic of the custom Ranch houses that had been designed by Cliff May and others and pared themdown, producing a much more modest interpretation of the Ranch house that was standardized andeasy to produce at a large scale. Called Minimal Ranches, these modest dwellings laid the groundworkfor the mass production of housing after World War II. This nexus between mass-produced housing andRanch style architecture is attributed in large part to aesthetics and cultural associations; since Ranchstyle architecture had historically been associated with affluence and high style design, it was also16Hess, The Ranch House, 38.The topics of merchant builders and FHA design standards are addressed in greater detail in the Residential Development andSuburbanization context.17Page 10
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodsembraced by those of more modest means. However, several other factors were also at play. The open,free-flowing interior plans that characterized Ranch houses were efficient and thus well-suited to massproduction. Ranch style architecture proved quite easy to manipulate and could accommodate a widevariety of personal tastes, thereby providing each standardized house with an individual flair. Perhapsmost importantly, the Ranch house had been vetted by the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) due toits efficiency and adaptability, and was deemed an appropriate choice for the design of new, economicalhousing. Winning FHA approval meant that these mass-produced Ranch houses satisfied the eligibilitycriteria for the agency’s low-cost home loans – “an essential component to successful mass sales.”18Minimal Ranch house in Toluca Wood, developed by Marlow and Burns (Alan Hess).While the Ranch house had become firmly ingrained in the public consciousness and was a wellestablished architectural type prior to World War II, it surged in popularity in the decades after the waras American society entered into a period characterized by a prevailing sense of optimism and economicprosperity. A variety of factors including pent-up consumer demand, soldiers’ return from battle enmasse, a steadily increasing birth rate, and favorable lending conditions provided by the FHA andVeterans Administration (VA) coalesced to produce an unprecedented demand for new, middle-incomehousing in the suburbs. The Ranch house emerged as the architecture of choice within these newdevelopments. A housing industry report issued in 1945 asserted that “a California-styled house – likethe ranch type – built in a carefully planned neighborhood or community with all the essentials for goodliving is your best bet for the post-war.”19 “By the 1950s, the Ranch house had become the predominantchoice for detached, single-family residences, a position it held well into the 1960s,” said architectural1819Hess, The Ranch House, 40.Hess, The Ranch House, 51; “The Ranch House in Georgia,” Chapter 2, 18.Page 11
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoodshistorian David Bricker.20 By some accounts, it is estimated that eight of every ten new houses built inthe 1950s embodied the Ranch aesthetic in one way or another.21There are several reasons why the Ranch style proved so popular among middle-income Americans atthis time. First was that the Ranch house was widely disseminated in popular media and was touted asthe ideal dwelling for the modern American family. In collaboration with Cliff May, Sunset magazinereleased two influential publications – Sunset Western Ranch Houses (1946), followed by Western RanchHouses by Cliff May (1958). Both read as architectural pattern books, with renderings and floor plans forRanch style houses that were developed by May and other prominent West Coast architects.22 Generalinterest magazines such as Good Housekeeping, House Beautiful, and Better Homes and Gardens oftenpublished full-page spreads of the Ranch house and cast this architectural type to a national audience.Advertisement for “Sunset Western Ranch Houses” (xamary.wordpress.com).20David Bricker, “Ranch Houses Are Not All the Same,” 2000, accessed April 2015 via the National Park Service (NPS).Ryan Reft, “Home on the California Range: Ranch Housing in Postwar America,” accessed April 2015 via KCET.22 Bricker, “Ranch Houses Are Not All the Same.”21Page 12
Los Angeles Citywide Historic Context StatementArchitecture and Engineering/The Ranch House; Housing the Masses/Ranch House NeighborhoodsAmerican consumers thus became infatuated with the Ranch style and the casual, informal lifestyle thatbecame associated with its aesthetic. Cliff May asserted that the Ranch house, “because of its namealone, borrows friendliness, simplicity, informality, and gaiety from the men and women who, in thepast, found those pleasures in ranch-house living.”23 Many of the Ranch houses built in the postwar erawere sited in mass-produced subdivisions and were erected by the hundreds, and sometimes by thethousands, but their perceived association with historical ranches and the American West projected asense of individualism and self-determination that appealed to middle-income Americans who werenewly prosperous and were looking to settle on a ranch of their own, however modest, in the suburbs.In the eyes of these buyers, they were not simply purchasing a house; they were buying into a lifestyle.On a more practical level, the design of Ranch houses readily met the day-to-day needs of the averageAmerican family. Their location in the suburbs provided a much-welcomed change from the congestedand polluted urban environments in which many Americans lived prior to World War II. Spacious, openfloor plans and blurred divisions between interior spaces facilitated interaction and coincided withpostwar society’s heightened emphasis on the family unit. These houses’ rambling footprints couldeasily be expanded upon as a young family grew. Ranch houses typically came with amenities that wereat one time out-of-reach for the average family including fully-equipped kitchens, attached garages tohouse the family’s automobile, and spacious front and rear yards where children could safely play.Aesthetics also factored into the extraordinary appeal of the Ranch house. By b
Ranch style architecture in Los Angeles is addressed under two related themes within the Architecture and Engineering context: The Ranch House, and Housing the Masses/Ranch House Neighborhoods. The Ranch House theme examines custom-designed Ranch houses that are individually significant for their architectural quality and design.
Applying the historic context to evaluations of historic properties Every evaluation "must place a property in its historic context to support that property's significance. Historic context means the information about the period, the place, and the events that created, influenced, or formed the backdrop to the historic resources.
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