Simulation In Computer Graphics Introduction - Uni-freiburg.de
Simulation in Computer GraphicsIntroductionMatthias Teschner
Graphics Courses Key course Image processing and computer graphics(modeling, rendering, simulation) Specialization courses Advanced computer graphics (global illumination) Simulation in computer graphics(deformable and rigid solids, fluids) Master project, lab course, Master thesis Simulation track, rendering trackUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 2
Seminars / Projects / Theses in GraphicsSemesterSimulation TrackRendering TrackWinterSimulation CourseSummerKey CourseLab Course - Simple fluid solverSimulation SeminarKey CourseLab Course - Simple Ray TracerRendering SeminarWinterMaster Project - PPE fluid solverRendering SeminarRendering CourseMaster Project - Monte Carlo RTSimulation SeminarSummerMaster ThesisResearch-oriented topicMaster ThesisResearch-oriented topicUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 3
Outline Motivation Topics OrganizationUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 4
Computer sCGI Making of Share a Coke VFXBreakdown by ARMAUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 5
Course Goals Physically-based simulation of the dynamicsof rigid bodies, deformable objects and fluidsGissler, Peer, Band,Bender, Teschner,ACM Transactionson Graphics, 2018.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 6
Context Efficient and reliablesimulation components Versatile interplay ofsimulation components Computer science /computer graphicsaspects for physicallybased simulationContinuumMechanicsComputerScience University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 7
Terminology Physically based simulation Scientific computing Real-time physics Interactive scenarios High-performance computing Large scenariosUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 8
Applications Visual effects (cooperation with Pixar)Peer, Ihmsen,Cornelis, Teschner,ACM Transactionson Graphics, 2016.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 9
Applications Computer-aided engineering (cooperation with FIFTY2)Band, Gissler, Teschner,Computer GraphicsForum, 2020.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 10
Applications FIFTY2 Technology GmbH Spin-off Simulation of fluidsand solids (PreonLab) Automotive applications Efficiency, usability,reliability Simulation accuracy andspeed, versatile sensors,advanced visualizationFIFTY2 Technology GmbH, AVL, PreonLab 3.1, 2018.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 11
Applications Computational medicinePre-operative planningin cranio-maxillofacialsurgery.Interactive hysteroscopysimulation for educationalpurposes.Intra-operative supportin orbital reconstruction.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 12
Applications Interactive hysteroscopy simulationUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 13
Applications Games Havok Physics (Microsoft)PhysX (NVIDIA)CryEngine (Crytek)Blender PhysicsPixar, Ubisoft, NVIDIA PhysXUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 14
Applications Interactive dynamic animations Robust Versatile Focus on the interplay ofdifferent animation aspects Representations Dynamics Constraints, e.g. collisionsInteracting deformable objectsUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 15
Outline Motivation Topics OrganizationUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 16
Topics Particle motionDeformable solidsFluidsRigid bodiesCollision detectionUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 17
Particle Motion Particles Are small parts of solids andfluids with mass Move over time with changingpositionand velocitydue to forces Motion governed by Numerical integration toapproximateandFluid bodyUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 18Fluid particles
Deformable Solids Particle representationDisplacementStrainStressStrain energyForceVolumetric meshUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 19Surface mesh
Deformable Solids Example forces Distance preservation Volume preservation Surface tensionUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 20
Fluids Fluid is subdivided into particles Fluid solvers compute velocitiesover time Lagrangian fluid solvers advect particlepositionswith their velocity Velocity changes are computedfrom the Navier-Stokes equationUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 21Akinci,Ihmsen,Akinci,Solenthaler,Teschner,ACM TOG,2012.
Fluids Velocity change at particleis computed as sum overadjacent particles E.g., acceleration due topressure gradient, i.e.density differencesUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 22
Fluids Key tasks Neighbor search For each particle, find adjacent particles within a certain distance Required for the computation of particle accelerations Spatial data structures: space subdivision, bounding volumehierarchies Pressure computation Solve a pressure Poisson equation Required for volume preservation / zero velocity divergenceUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 23
FluidsAkinci, Ihmsen,Akinci, Solenthaler,Teschner,ACM Transactionson Graphics, 2012.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 24
FluidsUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 25
FluidsIhmsen, Cornelis,Solenthaler,Horvath, Teschner,IEEE TVCG, 2014.FIFTY2, PreonLab.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 26
FluidsCornelis, Ihmsen,Peer, Teschner,Computers &Graphics, 2017.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 27
Rigid Bodies Particles connected bysprings with infinite stiffness Entire body described byone position and one orientation Forces at particles causetranslation and rotationof the entire body Mass distribution, orientation,angular velocity, torqueUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 28
Topics Particle motionDeformable solidsFluidsRigid bodiesCollision detectionUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 29
Collision Detection Detecting interferences of objectsAvoid time-consuming primitive-primitive handlingBounding volumes, space subdivision, distance fieldsVarious implementationsUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 30
Collision HandlingSpillmann, Becker,Teschner, Journalof WSCG, 2007.University of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 31
Outline Motivation Topics OrganizationUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 32
Tentative Course Syllabus Particle motion Position and velocity computation (ODE) Deformable solids Force computation (Energy minimization, FEM) Fluids Force computation (mainly SPH) Rigid bodies Collision detection Spatial data structuresUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 33
Exercises / Exam Exercises Voluntary Exam Written Based on slide sets Relevant material will be summarizedUniversity of Freiburg – Computer Science Department – 34
Graphics Courses Key course Image processing and computer graphics (modeling, rendering, simulation) Specialization courses Advanced computer graphics (global illumination) Simulation in computer graphics (deformable and rigid solids, fluids) Master project, lab course, Master thesis Simulation track, rendering track
Introduction to Computer Graphics COMPSCI 464 Image credits: Pixar, Dreamworks, Ravi Ramamoorthi, . –Game design and development It is about –Learning the fundamentals of computer graphics –Implementing algorithms that are at the core of computer graphics . Fundamentals of Computer Graphics
Computer Graphics & Image Processing 2003 Neil A. Dodgson 2 7 Course books Computer Graphics: Principles & Practice Foley, van Dam, Feiner & Hughes,Addison-Wesley, 1990 zOlder version: Fundamentals of Interactive Computer Graphics Foley & van Dam, Addison-Wesley, 1982 Computer Graphics &
D. Salomon: Computer Graphics Geometric Modeling, Springer, 1999 A. Watt: 3D Computer Graphics. Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, Inc., 2000 Journals Computer Graphics Forum IEEE CG & Applications ACM Transactions on Graphics ACM Transaction
Graphics API and Graphics Pipeline Efficient Rendering and Data transfer Event Driven Programming Graphics Hardware: Goal Very fast frame rate on scenes with lots of interesting visual complexity Pioneered by Silicon Graphics, picked up by graphics chips companies (Nvidia, 3dfx, S3, ATI,.). OpenGL library was designed for this .
Interactive graphics is useful in a. Training pilots b. Computer aided design c. Process control d. All of these 57. The origin of computer graphics was developed in a. 1950 b. 1960 c. 1970 d. 1990 58. The term business graphics came into use in late a. 1950 b. 1960 c. 1970 d. 1990 59. Computer graphics is used in many DTP software as a .
COMPUTER GRAPHICS & VISUALIZATION - 15CS62 Module -1 1. a. Enlist the applications of computer graphics and explain. (6 marks). i. Graphs and charts Display of simple data graphs was the early application of computer graphics plotted on a character printer. Data plotting one of the most common graphics applications
An Introduction to R Graphics 3 This example is basic R graphics in a nutshell. In order to produce graphical output, the user calls a series of graphics functions, each of which produces either a complete plot, or adds some output to an existing plot. R graphics follows a\painters model,"which means that graphics output occurs in steps,
American Revolution, students are exposed to academic, domain-specific vocabulary and the names and brief descriptions of key events. Lesson 2 is a simulation in which the “Royal Tax Commissioners” stamp all papers written by students and force them to pay a “tax” or imprisonment.
