Sustainable Management Of Natural Resources Guide
EssentialsGuideSustainable Managementof Natural Resourcesand our Well-being
Content3Foreword4555Chapter 1 – The legislative frameworkThe Well-being of Future Generations (Wales) ActEnvironment (Wales) ActPlanning (Wales) Act6Chapter 2 – What is the sustainable managementof natural resources, and why is it important?11Chapter 3 – How the Well-being of Future GenerationsAct and the sustainable management of naturalresources work together to support Well-beingWell-being goals and the sustainable managementof natural resourceWays of workingBiodiversity Duty and Lists121415161718Chapter 4 – The national priorities for the sustainablemanagement of natural resourcesDelivering nature-based solutionsIncreasing resource efficiency and renewable energy18Taking a place based approach19Chapter 5 – What does this mean for public servicedelivery?Area statementsThe Section 6 Biodiversity and resilience of ecosystems duty20202121222222Annex 1 – What action can I take to support thesustainable management of natural resources?Delivering nature based solutionsIncreasing resource efficiency and circular economyEnergy Efficiency and Renewable EnergyBiodiversity24Annex 2 – The Natural Resources Policy prioritiesand the well-being goals29EndnotesMae’r ddogfen yma hefyd ar gael yn Gymraeg. / This document is also available in Welsh. Crown copyright 2018WG35860Digital ISBN 978-1-78964-357-2
3ForewordWales’ natural resources and ecosystemsunderpin our well-being and quality oflife. They fuel our industries, provide ourfood, clean air and water and create jobsand wealth.We all have a role to play:Evidence shows that our natural resources,and the benefits that our ecosystems provide,are in decline. Stresses such as pollution,habitat fragmentation, climate change andover-exploitation are placing even greaterpressure on them. Utility companiesBuilding resilience into our natural resourcesand ecosystems, so that these benefitsare available now – and for our futuregenerations – is vital. In managing ournatural resources wisely we can providesolutions across all four pillars of sustainabledevelopment to support our economic,social, environmental and cultural well-being.This is the ‘sustainable management ofnatural resources’. Academic institutions Across Welsh Government, public sectorsand authorities Land and marine managers Communities Health professionals NGOs Planners and developers Natural Resources Wales providesleadership, working across Wales to supportand enable the sustainable managementof natural resources in its own work andworking with others.This Essentials Guide focuses on the roleof public service delivery.
4The legislative frameworkTo secure the long term well-being of Wales, we need to work together.The: Well-being of Future Generations Act Environment (Wales) Act, and the Planning (Wales) Act.put in place the legislative framework.
5For Wales to develop sustainably, we havechanged the law to put in place the keyelements that will enable it to happen.The Well-being of FutureGenerations (Wales) ActThe Well-being of Future Generations (Wales)Act is about improving the social, economic,environmental and cultural well-being ofWales. It makes the public bodies listed in theAct think more about the long-term, workbetter with people, communities and eachother, looking to prevent problems and takea more joined-up approach.Environment (Wales) ActPart 1 of the Environment (Wales) Act setsout the ‘sustainable management of naturalresources’ – an approach to managingWales’ natural resources and ecosystems toensure that the benefits they provide for oursocial, economic, environmental and culturalwell-being are available now and for futuregenerations1.Well-beingof FutureGenerations(Wales) Act2015Planning (Wales) ActThe Planning (Wales) Act puts in place aprocess to ensure the right development is inthe right place.Together, these will help us to create aWales that we all want to live in, now andin the future.This Essentials Guide sets out for publicservice delivery: What the sustainable managementof natural resources is, and why it isimportant. How the Well-being of Future GenerationsAct and the sustainable management ofnatural resources work together to improvewell-being. The action that you can take.Places seven well-being goals into law, and requiring public bodiesto apply the sustainable development principle in five key ways.Environment(Wales) Act2016Putting in place a modern statutory process to plan and manageour natural resources in a joined up and sustainable way.Planning(Wales) Act2015Improves the existing Planning process to ensurethe right development is located in the right place.
What is the sustainablemanagement of naturalresources, and why is itimportant?Wales’ natural resources and ecosystems2 underpin our well-beingand quality of life. They fuel and provide the raw materials for ourindustries, provide our food, clean air and water, create jobs and wealthand contribute to our quality of life and personal health and well-being.
7The sustainable management of natural resources is about improving the social, economic,environmental and cultural well-being of Wales through taking an ecosystem approach3 tomanaging natural resources.Ecosystems are our plants, animals, air, water, minerals and soils and the interactions that takeplace between them.Ecosystems provide us with a wide range of benefits (‘ecosystem services’) which support ourwell‑being.How are the environment and our well-being and health connected?Natural resources fuel our production and consumption, and create wealth and jobs,contributing to our quality of life and well-being. But our level of resource consumptionis undermining our ecosystems’ capacity to provide for us in the future.Global and Welsh EcosystemsFoodWaterHuman Healthand Well-beingEnergy andtransportAccess and exposureto environmentAir pollution is the largest public healthissue after smoking, and above physicalinactivity related illnesses such as diabetesand obesity.HousingResource needsfor consumptionNoise pollution is considered the secondbiggest environmental contributor to theburden of disease in the UK.
8What do we get from ergyfibres reand funAll these services are supported by the natural processes of nutrient cycling, soil formationand photosynthesis.The sustainable management of natural resources is an approach that asks us to considerALL these benefits when we make decisions on how we manage our natural resources andecosystems – not just one or two.All the benefits we get from, for example, treesPollinatorsSpiritual benefitsClimate regulationStorm protectionBiodiversityRecreationCarbon storageMedicinesImproved water qualityShelterProvides productsubstitution for productwith less carbon valueResilienceto diseasesTourismFresh airNatural flooddefencesTimberFoodWood fuelEmploymentHealthy soilEducationEmbeddedcarbon
9Ecosystems depend on biodiversity – the variety of our life on earth – to function4 but both ourecosystems and the biodiversity that supports them, are in decline. We need to take action sothat that all the benefits they provide for our well-being are available now, and for futuregenerations.Biodiversity and well-beingThe natural abundance of planet Earth is the basis of our existence.What is biodiversity?Biological diversity, also knownas biodiversity, is the sum ofspecies diversity, geneticdiversity within speciesand ecosystem diversity.Ecosystem diversitySpecies diversityGenetic diversity
10Pressures – such as pollution, habitat fragmentation, climate change and over-exploiting ournatural resources – are affecting our ecosystems and the sustainable management of naturalresources is about tackling these too.Biodiversity and resilient ecosystems are the basis of our existenceWaterBiodiversity drivenecosystems maintainthe water cycle andmake clean drinkingwater available.FoodBiodiversity andsustainably managedland make it possibleto feed ourselvesand many cropvarieties depend oninsect pollination.CultureHealthBiodiversity andecosystems provideour iconic landscapesand species, andcontribute to ourculture and heritage.Biodiversity andecosystems supportour mental and physicalhealth, and mostsynthetic medicines arealso of natural origin.The threats to biodiversityand ecosystemsPollutionHabitatFragmentationOver exploitingnatural resourcesClimateChangeInvasivenon-native speciesBiodiversity and healthy resilientecosystems mitigate the impacts of climatechange e.g. by providing protection againstdrought or flooding.More information on biodiversity and ecosystems – what they are and why they are important –can be found at www.biodiversitywales.org.uk/Biodiversity
How the Well-being ofFuture Generations Act andthe sustainable managementof natural resources worktogether to supportWell-being?Well-beingThe Well-being of Future Generations Act and the sustainablemanagement of natural resources in part 1 of the Environment (Wales)Act have been developed to work together because Wales’ naturalresources and ecosystems underpin our cultural, social, economic andenvironmental well-being.
12Well-being goals and the sustainable management ofnatural resourcesthey contribute to the achievement of thewell-being goals.Well-being goalsA globallyresponsibleWalesA prosperousWalesA Wales ofvibrant cultureand thrivingWelshLanguageA resilientWalesA Wales ofcohesivecommunitiesA healthierWalesA more equalWalesIn the Well-being of Future GenerationsAct ‘sustainable development’ means theprocess of improving the economic, social,environmental and cultural well-being ofWales by taking action, in accordance withthe sustainable development principle5,aimed at achieving the well-being goals.The well-being goals set a shared vision forWales for the public bodies in the Act towork towards. For Wales to be sustainableit is important that we improve all fouraspects of well-being. They are all equallyimportant. Each public body listed in the Actmust work to improve the economic, social,environmental and cultural well‑being ofWales, set well-being objectives to maximisetheir contribution towards the goals and takesteps towards meeting those objectives.Sustainable Managementof Natural ResourcesPart 1 of the Environment (Wales) Actsets out an objective, the sustainablemanagement of natural resources. This isabout taking action to build resilience intoWales’ natural resources and ecosystems sothat the ecosystem services they provide areavailable now, for future generations, and soThe definition is clearly linked to thesustainable development principle to reflectthat Wales’ natural resources and ecosystemsunderpin our well-being6.Part 1 of the Act also sets out the deliveryframework for the sustainable managementof natural resources, as follows:The State of NaturalResources ReportNatural Resources Wales’ State ofNatural Resources Report sets out thenational evidence base for the sustainablemanagement of natural resources. It showsthat no ecosystem in Wales is currentlyshowing all the attributes of resilience,which is impacting on the ability of ourecosystems to provide benefits for ourwell‑being. It also sets out how Wales’natural resources contribute to ourwell‑being.More information on the report can befound here – aturalresources/?lang enThe Natural Resources PolicyThe Welsh Minister’s Natural ResourcesPolicy sets out the national priorities for thesustainable management of natural resourcesdrawing from the national evidence basein the State of Natural Resources Report.The national priorities are the key ways inwhich Wales’ natural resources contributeacross all the well-being goals. They havebeen developed to both address thechallenges to our natural resources and realisethe opportunities from them.
13The national priorities are:Area Statements Delivering nature-based solutions.Natural Resources Wales’ Area Statementscontribute to implementing the NaturalResources Policy in a local context, taking aplace based approach. Taking a place basedapproach focuses on collaborative workingto deliver better results at a local level.Communities are best placed to shape localpriorities and opportunities linked to thenational priorities and find practical solutionsthat bring the widest possible benefits,ensuring local people benefit fully from thenatural resources in their locality. Increasing resource efficiency andrenewable energy. Taking a place based approach.More information can be found 21-natural-resourcespolicy-en.PDFFurther details on how the national prioritiescontribute across all the well-being goals canbe found in Annex 2.Further information can be found statements/?lang enDeliveringnature basedsolutionsA globallyresponsibleWalesA prosperousWalesA Wales ofvibrant cultureand thrivingWelshLanguageA resilientWalesA Wales ofcohesivecommunitiesTaking aplace basedapproachA healthierWalesA more equalWalesIncreasingresourceefficiency andrenewableenergy
14Ways of workingPublic bodies must take all reasonablesteps to meet their well-being objectives inaccordance with the sustainable developmentprinciple.The 5 ways of working apply to public bodieswho must show how they have applied thesustainable development principle in takingforward their well-being objectives.Long termThe importance of balancing short-termneeds with the need to safeguard the abilityto also meet long-term needs.The Environment (Wales) Act also sets outnine principles or ways of working whichapply when working towards the objectiveof the sustainable management of naturalresources.The principles of SMNR apply whenmanaging natural resources: To NRW in exercising their functionsincluding the State of Natural ResourcesReport and Area Statements. To Welsh Ministers when developing andimplementing the Natural Resources Policy.PreventionThe principlesHow acting to prevent problems occurringor getting worse may help public bodies meettheir objectives.Take account of the short, medium and longterm consequences of actionsCollaborationActing in collaboration with any other person(or different parts of the body itself) thatcould help the body to meet its well-beingobjectives.IntegrationConsidering how the public body’s well-beingobjectives may impact upon each of thewell‑being goals, on their objectives, or onthe objectives of other public bodies.InvolvementThe importance of involving people with aninterest in achieving the well-being goals,and ensuring that those people reflect thediversity of the area which the body serves.Take action to prevent significant damage toecosystemsPromote and engage in collaboration andco-operationMake appropriate arrangements for publicparticipation in decision-makingTake account of all relevant evidence andgather evidence in respect of uncertaintiesManage adaptively, by planning, monitoring,reviewing and, where appropriate, changingactionConsider the appropriate spatial scalefor actionTake account of the benefits and intrinsicvalue of natural resources and ecosystemsTake account of the resilience of ecosystems.
15Biodiversity Duty and ListsThe Environment (Wales) Act recognises theessential contribution biodiversity makesto the sustainable management of naturalresources and to our well-being by putting inplace the section 6 biodiversity and resilienceof ecosystems duty. This duty requires publicauthorities to seek to maintain and enhancebiodiversity in the exercise of functions inrelation to Wales, and in so doing promotethe resilience of ecosystems, so far asconsistent with the proper exercise of thosefunctions7.Section 7 of the Environment (Wales) Actalso requires that the Welsh Ministers prepareand publish a list of species and habitats ofprincipal importance for Wales and take allreasonable steps to maintain and enhancethose species and habitats, and encourageothers to take such steps.
The national priorities for thesustainable management ofnatural resourcesThe national priorities for the sustainable management of naturalresources are the key ways in which Wales’ natural resources contributeacross all the well-being goals.The national priorities are: Delivering nature-based solutions Increasing resource efficiency and renewable energy Taking a place based approach
17Delivering nature-based solutionsNature-based solutions are about using natureand natural processes to address some of ourbig challenges such as flooding, air pollutionor health issues associated with physicalinactivity, by using nature and natural process.They include a wide range of approaches tobuild resilience into ecosystems and enhancebiodiversity; improve infrastructure, land andwater management; support climate changeadaptation and mitigation and support ourhealth and well-being. Using biodiversenature-based solutions also helps us buildresilience into our natural resources andecosystems – a ‘win-win’ solution.Innovating with NatureNature based solutions support economic growth, create jobs and support ourwell-being. They help us tackle some of our big challenges in a cost effective way.Delivering more biodiverse urban green infrastructureis an example of a nature based solutionUrban green infrastructure: is all our open spaces and network ofhabitat, parks, playing fields,allotments, private gardens, ponds,rivers, canals, woodland, street andgarden trees, and hedges. It includes allgreen space as urban areas can containsubstantial amounts of semi-naturalhabitat. Can be engineered to form green roofsand walls, sustainable urban drainageor as street trees. Can be part of our transport links,for example, when wild flowersare planted into grass verges alongour road and rail networks and atroundabouts to encourage nature. Includes the links between oururban areas and theirsurroundings so they ‘join up’.It forms part of our criticalinfrastructure and cansupport our built solutions.For example, building it intointo housing developmentscan improve land value, addvalue to local communitiesand encourage positiveinvestment.Biodiverse urban green infrastructure provides multiple benefitsPhysical and mental healthSocial cohesionProsperityHelps to tackle urban air, noise and waterpollution and reduce surface waterflooding by filtering out pollution andincreasing rain water infiltration.When our green spaces areaccessible to local communities theycan be safe places to meet and play,helping us to relax and exercise.Supports remediation of contaminatedland for wider community benefit.Climate actionCompanies are attracted tolocations that offer welldesigned and managedpublic places, supportingregeneration.Provides habitat for wildlife close to wherepeople live, enabling many people toexperience and interact with nature,supporting our mental health andproviding opportunities for outdoorlearning.Allotments and gardens provideopportunities to grow community food.Provides opportunities for active travel.Carbon stored in soils and treeshelps mitigate climate change andgreen infrastructure supportsclimate adaptation by cooling urbanareas and buildings and reducingflooding. Green walls and roofs helpincrease energy efficiency, both aspart of retrofits and in new buildsand increased biomass from greeninfrastructure can provideopportunities for renewable energy.Good quality parks increasevisitor and cash spend andstimulate an increase inproperty prices, providingmore council tax.
18More urban green infrastructure can havea big impact on our well-being: In 2015, natural pollution removal by plantsacross the UK resulted in an estimatedsaving of over 1 billion of avoided healthcosts in that year alone. People who live within 500 metres ofaccessible green space are 24% more likelyto meet 30 minutes of exercise levels ofphysical activity. Defra has estimated that if everyone hadaccess to sufficient green space the benefitsassociated with increased physical activitycould save the health system 2.1bnper year.Increasing resource efficiency andrenewable energyThese help to both reduce the pressures onWales’ natural resources and also providenew jobs and market opportunities, by usingfewer natural resources. Managing naturalresources wisely is a key enabler that drivescompetitiveness for successful businesses.Currently we are ‘drawing down’ naturalresources by consuming more than can bereplenished. This creates unmanaged risks insupply chains that threaten the stability ofbusinesses. In a circular economy the valueof products and materials is maintained foras long as possible.CircularEconomyWe need to reduce energy demand andincrease energy efficiency to achievedecarbonisation. All sectors and areashave their part to play in helping meetdecarbonisation and renewable energy targetsand we should actively seek opportunitiesto invest in energy efficiency and generatingrenewable energy, which will retain morevalue locally and increase wellbeing.We should use available renewable resources,considering available land, buildings andfunding, for renewable electricity and heatgeneration. We have opportunities to workwith local communities and businesses todeliver energy projects. Welsh Governmenthas set an ambition for a carbon neutralpublic sector by 2030. The Welsh Government Energy Serviceprovides support services to public sectorand community organisations to identify,develop and deliver energy efficiency andrenewable energy projects.Taking a place based approachTaking a place based is about workingwith communities to shape local prioritiesand opportunities for natural resources,ensuring that local people benefit fully.Natural Resources Wales’ area statements willsupport place based approaches and working.CollectionConsumption,use, reuse, repairWaste and resource use are minimised, andwhen a product reaches the end of its life,it is used again to create further value.This can bring major economic benefits,contributing to innovation, growth and jobcreation. It is an approach which can beapplied across many different sectors of theeconomy.RecyclingMore information on the national prioritiesand the actions that you can take are inAnnex 1.DistributionProduction,RemanufacturingDesignRaw materials
What does this mean forpublic service delivery?High quality natural resources and healthy resilient ecosystems underpinwell-being. Taking action on the sustainable management of natural resources national priorities in the Natural Resources Policy and section 6 Biodiversity and Ecosystem Resilience Dutyare key ways that public service delivery can contribute towards theirduties in the Well-being of Future Generations Act and the Environment(Wales) Act.
20Area statementsNatural Resources Wales’ area statementswill support place based approaches linkedto the challenges, opportunities and nationalpriorities in the Natural Resources Policy.They are a series of products which translatethe national priorities into the action thatcan be taken across Wales. They set outa local evidence base for the sustainablemanagement of natural resources and identifythe opportunities where working togethercan help us deliver the national priorities,build ecosystem resilience and make themost of the benefits Wales’ natural resourcesand ecosystems provide for Well-being.Local Development Plans, Public ServiceBoard Well-being Assessments, National Parkand AONB plans must have regard tothis evidence. Public bodies must provideNatural Resources Wales with informationit requires for both the State of NaturalResources Report and Area Statements.Natural Resources Wales can also ask publicbodies to assist in addressing the priorities,risks and opportunities for the sustainablemanagement of natural resources identifiedin Area Statements.The Section 6 Biodiversity andresilience of ecosystems dutyAction for biodiversity is important for thesustainable management of natural resources,because biodiversity underpins how ourecosystems function – and our biodiversityis in decline.The section 6 duty aims to ensure that theconsideration of biodiversity becomes anintegral part of the decision making andactions that public authorities take in relationto Wales. Public authorities can take action toreverse the decline in biodiversity by thinkingabout biodiversity in decision making andhow they carry out their functions.Public authorities include public bodies listedwithin the Well-being of Futre GenerationsAct. Complying with the S6 duty requiresthose public bodies to maintain and enhancebiodiversity, which in turn supports thesustainable management of natural resourcesand the well-being goals. The section 6plan, required under the Act, can be a keymeans of demonstrating and reporting onthe steps being taken by a public body orpublic service board to meet well-beingobjectives and plans. Natural ResourcesWales’ State of Natural Resources Report andArea Statements provide national and localevidence bases on biodiversity and ecosystemresilience, for public authorities to draw fromwhen discharging the section 6 duty.Further information can be found in theguidance for the s6 duty here, and inAnnex 1, and at What we need to do for biodiversityEmbed biodiversityvalues and benefitsinto decision making. Safeguard importantspecies, habitats andprotected areas.Restore and createresilient ecologicalnetworks.Use the best availableevidence in decisionmaking.
Annex 121What action can I take tosupport the sustainablemanagement of naturalresources?Delivering nature based solutionsDelivering nature-based solutions – ?pg livering nature-based solutions – city case studiesBristol – NBS for ensuring a sustainable futurewww.oppla.eu/node/18002London – NBS for a leading sustainable citywww.oppla.eu/node/18093Edinburgh – NBS enhancing health, wealth and sustainabilitywww.oppla.eu/node/18004Dublin – NBS for a more sustainable city by 2030www.oppla.eu/node/17999Delivering nature-based solutions – green instreaminggreeninfrastructure.com/Integrating nature-based solutions across sectorsHousing and commercial 20Infrastructure/GI /ecosystems/pdf/Green%20Infrastructure/GI /ecosystems/pdf/Green%20Infrastructure/GI energy.pdfFinancial df/Green%20Infrastructure/GI finance.pdf
Water and flood ng achment data/file/654431/Workingwith natural processes evidence estudiesClimate change ms/pdf/Green%20Infrastructure/GI climateadaptation.pdfIncreasing resource efficiency and circular n.org/circular-economy/overview/conceptEnergy Efficiency and Renewable EnergyThe Welsh Government Energy Service provides support services to public sector and communityorganisations to identify, develop and deliver energy efficiency and renewable energy projects.BiodiversityAction for biodiversity should, as far as possible, be guided by the 6 objectives of the NatureRecovery Action Plan for Wales (NRAP8 ) which have been identified to contribute to reversingthe decline of biodiversity in Wales.The 6 objectives to maintain and enhance biodiversity are: Objective 1: Engage and support participation and understanding to embed biodiversitythroughout decision making at all levels Objective 2: Safeguard species and habitats of principal importance and improve theirmanagement Objective 3: Increase the resilience* of our natural environment by restoring degraded habitatsand habitat creation Objective 4: Tackle key pressures on species and habitats Objective 5: Improve our evidence, understanding and monitoring Objective 6: Put in place a framework of governance and support for delivery.9*The Environment (Wales) Act sets out the following attributes of ecosystem resilience: Diversity – generally speaking, more diverse ecosystems are more resilient to external influencesand their impacts. This includes biological, geological and physical diversity Connectivity within and between ecosystems
23 Scale and Extent – the bigger the ecosystem extends, without fragmentation, the moreresilient it is likely to be Condition – ecosystems need to be in a healthy condition to function effectively, to delivera range of important ecosystem services Adaptability – the ability of ecosystems to adapt to events, understanding that ecosystemsare not static and will change over time.Each function of a public authority should consider where they can contribute to the NRAPobjectives and to promoting resilience, through addressing its attributes as above. In some casesaction across the organisation as a whole is more appropriate.Some examples are
This Essentials Guide sets out for public service delivery: What the sustainable management of natural resources is, and why it is important. How the Well-being of Future Generations Act and the sustainable management of natural resources work together to improve well-being. The action that you can take. Well-being of Future Generations
then discuss four key challenges to enhancing assess and sustainable management of natural resources: (i) expanding access to natural resources to increase incomes and improve welfare; (ii) increasing security of access to natural resources, in the context of changing institutional and market
Sustainable natural resources management is as much a question of sustainable economic development as it is of environmental protection. While being the foundation of economic activity and development, natural capital (encompassing natural resource stocks, land and ecosystems) is often undervalued and mismanaged.
1.2.2 building climate resilience 9 1.2.3 relevant council policies and strategies 10 1.3 aims objectives 11 1.3.1 sustainable design aims 11 1.3.2 sustainable design objectives 11 2 sustainable design policy 12 3 implementing a sustainable urban environment 13 3.1 defining the scope of eligible applications 14 3.2 sustainable design assessment in the planning process (sdapp) 15 3.3 .
Many renewable resources the world over are increasingly becoming non-renewable owing to massive and/or abusive exploitation, and little conservation. There is growing quest to conserve resources and switch to dependence on renewable resources. World summits on environment recommend sustainable use of resources to guarantee sustainable development.
contents 2 3 executive summary 5 women, poverty and natural resource management 5 poverty 7 land tenure 9 education 10 health 17 engage women, drive change 17 empowering women to manage natural resources 21 engaging women in natural resource management is good for women 23 engaging women in natural resource management is good for
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Investigating Chemistry through Inquiry 11 - 1 S PRELIMINARY ACTIVITY FOR . Beer’s Law Investigations . Guided Inquiry Version . The primary objective of this Preliminary Activity is to determine the concentration of an unknown copper (II) sulfate solution. You will use a Colorimeter (a side view is shown in Figure 1). In this device, red light from the LED light source will pass through the .
