Social Work - Pearson
NINTH EDITIONSocial WorkAn Empowering ProfessionBrenda DuBoisSt. Ambrose University, Professor EmeritaKarla Krogsrud MileyBlack Hawk College, Professor Emerita330 Hudson Street, NY NY 10013A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 111/01/18 2:05 PM
Director and Publisher: Kevin M. DavisPortfolio Manager: Rebecca Fox-GiegContent Producer: Pamela D. BennettPortfolio Management Assistant: Casey CoriellExecutive Field Marketing Manager: Krista ClarkExecutive Product Marketing Manager:Christopher BarryMedia Project Manager: Lauren CarlsonProcurement Specialist: Deidra SmithCover Designer: Melissa Welch, Studio MontageCover Photo: Maximoangel/ShutterstockFull-Service Project Management: Smriti Joinwal,Cenveo Publisher ServicesComposition: Cenveo Publisher ServicesPrinter/Binder: LSC/WillardCover Printer: Phoenix Color/HagarstownText Font: Dante MT ProCopyright 2019, 2014, 2011 by Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. Printed in the United Statesof America. This publication is protected by copyright, and permission should be obtained f rom the publisher prior to anyprohibited reproduction, storage in a retrieval system, or transmission in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical,photocopying, recording, or otherwise. To obtain permission(s) to use material f rom this work, please visit ts of third party content appear on the page within the text, which constitute an extension of this copyrightpage.Unless otherwise indicated herein, any third-party trademarks that may appear in this work are the property of their respectiveowners and any references to third-party trademarks, logos or other trade dress are for demonstrative or descriptive purposesonly. Such references are not intended to imply any sponsorship, endorsement, authorization, or promotion of Pearson’sproducts by the owners of such marks, or any relationship between the owner and Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates,authors, licensees or distributors.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication DataNames: DuBois, Brenda, author. Miley, Karla Krogsrud, author.Title: Social work : an empowering profession / Brenda DuBois, Karla KrogsrudMiley.Description: Ninth edition. Boston : Pearson Education, [2019] Includesbibliographical references and index.Identifiers: LCCN 2017058093 ISBN 9780134695792 (alk. paper) ISBN0134695798 (alk. paper)Subjects: LCSH: Social service. Social service—United States.Classification: LCC HV40 .D78 2019 DDC 361.3/2—dc23 LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/20170580931 18ISBN 10: 0-13-469579-8ISBN 13: 978-0-13-469579-2A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 219/01/18 5:01 PM
PrefaceEducation for the social work profession requires an understanding of the dynamics ofhuman behavior, social problems, social welfare responses, and professional interventions. In short, early in their educational experience, students will want to know “thewho, the what, and the why” of social work.We believe the most important characteristic of an introductory textbook is in theway it presents a foundation so that students develop a mindset, or way of thinking,about the “who, what, and why” of social work. Curriculum f rameworks developedby the Council on Social Work Education prescribe content on diversity, human rightsand social justice, ethical and professional behavior, policy practice, and social workpractice. We believe that, in their introduction to social work, students need to explorethe common base of professional values, knowledge, and skills as each relates to thecurricular components.What distinguishes this introductory textbook f rom others is that it adopts adiscipline-based, empowerment-oriented approach in f raming the foundation of theintroductory course. To that end, this text introduces various elements that comprisethe curriculum. Content covers the historical and philosophical roots of social work;the professional base of values and ethics; perspectives on diversity and difference;human rights and social justice; the social service delivery network, social policy, andclient populations; an array of strategies related to social work practice, policy, andresearch; and an overview of various fields of social work practice.The vision for this textbook reflects our combined experience as social work educators and incorporates our collaborative efforts in developing content for our respective introductory social work courses. Originally, our plan for the book developed outof differences in the strengths of our educational and practice backgrounds—a socialsystems perspectives from the University of Iowa School of Social Work and social groupwork from the University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration; our varied practice experiences in public welfare, school social work, and aging services; andour differing foci of macrolevel and clinical practice. We both now embrace a generalistapproach informed by perspectives on strengths and empowerment.The ninth edition fully incorporates empowerment-based social work and thestrengths perspective in the context of human rights and social justice. The Reflections on Empowerment and Social Justice boxes, along with the Reflections on Diversity and Human Rights boxes, emphasize contemporary issues and ethical concerns inthe context of empowerment and diversity. The Voices f rom the Field boxes includefictitious accounts of social workers’ perspectives on their professional experiences invarious fields of practice. To further anchor students in competency-based education,each chapter includes critical thinking questions linked to the CSWE competencies.Most chapters still include Social Work Highlights that feature practice applicationsand case examples.iiiA01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 319/01/18 5:01 PM
iv PrefaceNew to This EditionThe ninth edition of Social Work: An Empowering Profession maintains the basic structureof previous editions while refreshing the internal organization of some chapters andupdating content throughout. Notable revisions and additions include: An increased emphasis on diversity and difference, including an extensive revision ofChapter 7 and a new section on diversity and the history of social work in Chapter 2 Major revisions in the sections on disabilities and substance use disorders inChapter 12 and healthy aging in Chapter 14 New material on runaway youths, domestic minor sex trafficking, and youthempowerment in the section on services for youths in Chapter 13 Additional content on biological influences on behavior, environmental justice, evidence-based practice, and human rights and social justice in variouschapters, adverse childhood experiences and principles of trauma-informedcare in Chapter 13, eco-maps in Chapter 3, and an extension of empowermentbased social work in Chapter 1 to include content on affirming diversity anddifference, adopting a human rights perspective, and taking action E-text features, including an electronically linked glossary, Assess Your Understanding“pop-up” quizzes aligned with learning outcomes, and MyLab Helping Professionsfor Introduction to Social Work activities at the end of each chapter Updates to demographic data as well as inclusion of several hundred new citationsto ensure currencyOrganization of the BookThe book is organized into four sections:Part One, The Profession of Social Work, lays out the “who, what, why, and where” ofsocial work and the social service delivery system. Chapter 1 defines social work, examines the purpose of the profession, overviewsfields of practice, and introduces empowerment-based social work practice. Chapter 2 surveys the historical roots of the social work profession, including thecontributions of diversity in the history of social work, and details the base ofprofessional knowledge, values, and skills. Chapter 3 introduces the social systems and ecological f rameworks for practiceand delineates micro-, mezzo-, and macrolevel clients. Chapter 4 identifies key components of the social service delivery network.Part Two, Social Work Perspectives, examines the values, social justice mandate, and elements of diversity and difference that both inform and shape social work practice. Chapter 5 features the value and ethical foundations of social work practice. Chapter 6 focuses on social justice and human rights, the “isms” and injustice, thetheoretical basis of social injustice, and implications for social work practice. Chapter 7 considers diversity and difference in the context of cultural identityand intersectionality and the knowledge, values, and skills necessary to supportmulticultural social work practice.Part Three, Generalist Social Work, introduces an empowering approach to generalistsocial work at all system levels, including core processes, social work functions alongwith associated roles and strategies, and policy practice.A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 419/01/18 5:01 PM
Prefacev Chapter 8 describes the nature of the collaborative partnership between practitionersand clients and briefly describes empowering processes for generalist practice. Chapter 9 delineates the various roles and strategies associated with each functionof social work—consultancy, resource management, and education. Chapter 10 explores the relationships between social work and social policy andreviews major historic and contemporary social welfare policies and services.Part Four, Contemporary Issues in Fields of Practice, features the opportunities and challenges for social workers within the broad fields of public welfare, health systems, familyservices and child welfare, and adult and aging services. Chapter 11 profiles responses to issues in the public domain that involvesocial workers, including poverty, homelessness, unemployment, and crimeand delinquency. Chapter 12 presents opportunities for social workers in the fields of health andbehavioral health care, including a range of public health and health care settingsand services for people with disabilities, mental health issues, and substance usedisorders. Chapter 13 examines social work interests in the areas of family-centered services,child maltreatment, a continuum of child welfare services, school social work, andother services for youths. Chapter 14 emphasizes adult and aging services, including longstanding fields ofpractice such as occupational and gerontological social work, as well as response tofamily caregiving issues, intimate partner violence, elder abuse, and the increasingnumbers of older adults who aspire to a life span that is equal to their health span.Also Available with MyLab Helping Professions for Introduction toSocial WorkThis title is also available with MyLab Helping Professions for Introduction to SocialWork, an online homework, tutorial, and assessment program organized around the 2015CSWE EPAS and designed to work with the text to engage students and improve results.Within its structured environment, students see key concepts demonstrated throughvideo clips, practice what they learn, test their understanding, and receive feedback toguide their learning and ensure they master key learning outcomes. Learning Outcomes and Standards measure student results. MyLab HelpingProfessions for Introduction to Social Work organizes all assignments around the2015 CSWE EPAS and essential learning outcomes. Video- and Case-Based Exercises develop decision-making skills. Video- andCase-based Exercises introduce students to a broader range of clients, and therefore a broader range of presenting problems, than they will encounter in theirown pre-professional experiences. Students watch videos of actual high-qualityrole-play scenarios. They are then guided in their analysis of the videos througha series of short-answer questions with expert feedback. These exercises helpstudents develop the techniques and decision-making skills they need to be effective helping professionals. Licensure Quizzes help students prepare for certification. Automaticallygraded, multiple-choice Licensure Quizzes help students prepare for their certification examinations, master foundational course content, and improve theirperformance in the course.A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 519/01/18 5:01 PM
vi Preface Video Library offers a wealth of observation opportunities. The Video Libraryprovides more than 400 video clips of actual sessions and high-quality role playsin a database organized by topic and searchable by keyword. The Video Libraryincludes every video clip from the MyLab Helping Professions for Introductionto Social Work courses plus additional videos from Pearson’s extensive libraryof helping professionals in action. Instructors can create additional assignmentsaround the videos or use them for in-class activities. Students can expand theirobservation experiences to include other course areas and increase the amount oftime they spend watching expert helpers in action.AcknowledgmentsI acknowledge the many colleagues, friends, and members of our families who providedencouragement and support during the time Brenda and I had to collaborate on thevision and some details for this revision prior to her death in November 2017. I am grateful to Brenda for her friendship, depth of knowledge and conceptual skills, ingenuity inways to turn a phrase, and lifelong commitment to social justice. I am deeply indebtedto my family and friends for their continued support as I forged ahead to complete therevision, especially Michael O’Melia who refocused and revised Chapter 7 to more fullyintegrate a critical perspective on diversity. I am also thankful for reviewers and staff atPearson Education who offered valuable critiques and suggestions as we prepared thisninth edition. Reviewers include Gloria J. Davis, University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff;Bonnie Young Laing, California University of Pennsylvania; and Yvonne Patterson, College of Our Lady of the Elms. Finally, I thank my editor, Rebecca Fox-Gieg, and otherstaff at Pearson Education for their careful guidance and diligent work during variousstages of writing and production.K. K. M.A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 619/01/18 5:01 PM
Brief ContentsPART ONE: THE PROFESSION OF SOCIAL WORK1. Social Work: A Helping Profession2. An Evolving Profession1293. Social Work and Social Systems614. The Social Service Delivery System83PART TWO: SOCIAL WORK PERSPECTIVES5. Values and Ethics in Social Work1086. Human Rights and Social Justice1317. Diversity and Social Work156PART THREE: GENERALIST SOCIAL WORK8. Empowerment Social Work Practice9. Social Work Functions and Roles10. Social Work and Social Policy190217242PART FOUR: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN FIELDS OF PRACTICE11. Social Work and Poverty, Homelessness, Unemployment,and Criminal Justice 26912. Social Work in Health, Rehabilitation, and MentalHealth 29813. Social Work with Families and Youths14. Adult and Aging Services 374A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 7336vii12/02/18 1:49 PM
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ContentsPART ONE: THE PROFESSION OF SOCIAL WORK1. Social Work: A Helping Profession1The Social Work Profession 2Social Work Defined 2Social Workers as Caring Professionals 3Voices from the Field 3Generalist Social Work 6Social Work Perspectives 7Social Work’s Mission and Purpose 7Personal Troubles and Public Issues 7Strengths and Needs 8Interactions among Strengths, Needs,and Environments 12Social Work’s Goals 12The Relationship between Social Workand Social Welfare 14Social Institutions 14The Social Welfare Institution 15Functions of Social Welfare 15Fields of Social Work Practice 16Social Work, Social Welfare, and Society 19Social Work as an Empowering Profession 21Empowerment Defined 21Access to Resources 22Empowerment Social Work 23Focusing on Strengths 23Affirming Diversity and Difference 24Working Collaboratively 25Critically Reflecting on Structural Arrangements 25Adopting a Human Rights Perspective 26Linking Personal and Political Power 26Taking Action 26Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 27Critical Thinking Questions 28ixA01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 911/01/18 2:05 PM
xContents2. An Evolving Profession29The Emergence of Social Work as a Profession 30Early Social Welfare Organizations 30Charity Organization Societies 31Settlement House Movement 32Diversity and the History of Social Work 33African American Women’s Club Movement 34African American Settlement House Movement 34National Urban League 35Postsecondary Education and Training for Social Workers 35Legacy of African American Social Welfare Initiatives 36Defining Social Work as a Profession 37Social Casework 38Psychoanalytic Movement 38Public Welfare Movement 39Social Group Work and Community Organization 40Dual Perspective 40Social Reform 42Ecosystems Approach 43Emerging Trends in the Twenty-First Century 43The Evolving Definition of Social Work 44The Quest for Professional Status 45“Is Social Work a Profession?” 45The Rise of Professional Organizations 47The Development of Professional Education 47Council on Social Work Education 49Social Work Today 49The Common Base of Social Work Practice 51Professional Values 51The Knowledge Base of Social Work 53The Skill Base of Social Work 55Tenets for the Social Work Profession 57Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 59Critical Thinking Questions 593. Social Work and Social Systems61The Ecosystems Perspective 62The Social Systems View 63General Systems Theory as a Framework forSocial Work 65Using Eco-Maps to Understand Social Systems 65The Ecological Perspective 67The Ecosystems View Applied to Social Work 68Social Functioning 68Types of Social Functioning 69A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1011/01/18 2:05 PM
xi ContentsEnvironmental Press 70Social Problems and Social Functioning 71Client Systems in Social Work 72Microlevel Intervention 72Mezzolevel Intervention 74Macrolevel Intervention 75Working with the Social Work Profession 77Social Work Methods 79Casework 79Group Work 80Community Organization 80The Integrated Generalist Model 80Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 81Critical Thinking Questions 824. The Social Service Delivery System83Social Service Settings 84Agencies and Associations 84Public and Private Auspices 85Primary and Host Settings 87Sectarian and Nonsectarian Affiliations 88Nonprofit or For-Profit Status 89Independent Practice 89Geographic Location 90Political Jurisdictions 90Urban Settings 90Rural Settings 91The Funding of Services 94Federal and State Funding 95Grants 95Community Funds 95Endowments and Special Funds 96Fees-for-Service 96Insurance Reimbursement 96Purchase of Service Contracts 97Staffing Patterns 98Social Work Professionals 98Paraprofessionals 99Volunteers 99Service Delivery Resources and Challenges 101Self-Help Groups as Service Delivery Resources 101Computers and Technology in Service Delivery 102Consumer Involvement 103Reductions in Services through Policy Retrenchment 103Limitations of Services through Fiscal Retrenchment 104A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1111/01/18 2:05 PM
xii ContentsFragmentation of Services 105Optimal Social Service Delivery 106Reflecting Back and Looking ForwardCritical Thinking Questions 107107PART TWO: SOCIAL WORK PERSPECTIVES5. Values and Ethics in Social Work108Values and Professional Social Work 109Values Defined 110The Foundation of Professional Social Work Values 110Core Values of Social Work 112The Value Context of Social Work 112Sociocultural Milieu and Values 113Values and the Social Work Profession 114The Agency and Values 115The Client System and a Diversity of Values 116The Presenting Problem and Values 116Social Workers’ Personal Values 117Ethics and Social Work 118Ethics Defined 118Codes of Ethics 118The NASW Code of Ethics 119The International Statement of Ethical Principles 119The Radical Code of Ethics 121Ethical Principles and Ethical Preferences for Social Work 121Acceptance 121Individualization 122Purposeful Expression of Feelings 123Nonjudgmental Attitudes 123Objectivity 125Controlled Emotional Involvement 125Self-Determination 126Access to Resources 127Confidentiality 127Accountability 127Ethical Preferences for Empowerment Social Work 127Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 130Critical Thinking Questions 1306. Human Rights and Social Justice131Human Rights and Social Justice 133Human Rights 133Civil Rights and Civil Liberties 134A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1211/01/18 2:05 PM
xiii ContentsThe Right to Social Welfare 134Theories of Social Justice 136Social Work and Social Justice 137Social Injustice: The “Isms” 137Racism 138Elitism 139Sexism 140Heterosexism 141Ageism 142Handicapism 143The Collective Isms 145Theoretical Basis of Social Injustice 145Social Darwinism 145Sociological Theories 147Psychological Theories 148Blaming the Victim 149Just World Beliefs 149Implications for Social Work 149Effects of Social Injustice 150Opportunities, Obstacles, and Empowerment 153Social Work as a Human Rights and Social Justice Profession 154Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 155Critical Thinking Questions 1557. Diversity and Social Work156Diversity and Difference 157Cultural Diversity 158Privilege and Dominance 159Responses to Dominance 159Cultural Pluralism 160Cultural Identity and Intersectionality 160Multicultural Social Work Practice 161Essential Knowledge for Multicultural Practice 162Critical Theory 162Critical Race Theory 163Standpoint Theory 163Developing a Critical Consciousness 164Cultural Competence and Values in Context 165Adopting a Stance of Cultural Humility 165Implementing Social Work Values in Context 165Skills for Multicultural Social Work 166Addressing Microaggressions 166Confronting Power and Privilege 168Racial and Ethnic Identities 168Black Americans 169A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1311/01/18 2:05 PM
xiv ContentsAsian Americans 170Native Americans 172Hispanic Americans 173Non-Hispanic White Americans 175Gender Identity 176Gender Diversity 176Individuals Who Are Transgender 176Sexual Orientation 177Identity Development and Sexual Orientation 178Social Work Practice with Sexual Minorities 179Resilience and Strengths 180Political Social Work with Gender andSexual Minorities 181Addressing Homophobia, Biphobia, and Transphobia 181Taking Political Action 181Religious Diversity and Spirituality 182Religion in Today’s World 182Religion in Community 183Religion and Spirituality 183Implications of Religious and Spiritual Diversity for Social Work 184Resources of the Religious Community 185Religion, Spirituality, and Social Work 187Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 188Critical Thinking Questions 189PART THREE: GENERALIST SOCIAL WORK8. Empowerment Social Work Practice190The Empowerment Base of Social Work Practice 191From Expert Professional to Collaborative Partner 192The Generalist Approach 192Engagement—The Dialogue Phase 193Engagement: Forming Partnerships 194Engagement: Articulating Situations 196Engagement: Defining Directions 198Assessment—The Discovery Phase 200Assessment: Identifying Strengths 201Assessment: Assessing Resource Capabilities 202Assessment: Framing Solutions 205Implementation: Intervention and Evaluation—The Development Phase 208Intervention: Activating Resources 208Intervention: Creating Alliances 209Intervention: Expanding Opportunities 209Evaluation: Recognizing Success 212Intervention: Integrating Gains 214A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1411/01/18 2:05 PM
xv ContentsReflecting Back and Looking ForwardCritical Thinking Questions 2162159. Social Work Functions and Roles217A Generalist Approach 218Functions of Social Work 218Social Work Roles and Strategies 219Consultancy 221Microlevel: Enabler Role 222Mezzolevel: Facilitator Role 223Macrolevel: Planner Role 225Professional System: Colleague and Monitor Roles 226Resource Management 227Microlevel: Broker and Advocate Roles 229Mezzolevel: Convener and Mediator Roles 231Macrolevel: Activist Role 232Professional System: Catalyst Role 233Education 234Microlevel: Teacher Role 236Mezzolevel: Trainer Role 236Macrolevel: Outreach Role 237Professional System: Researcher andScholar Roles 239Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 240Critical Thinking Questions 24010. Social Work and Social Policy242Social Policy 243What Is Social Policy? 243Social Policy as a Process: Policy Formulation 243Social Policy as a Product: Policy Implementation 244Examining Social Policy: Policy Analysis 244Legislative Analysis and Action 245Social Policy and Political Ideologies 246Social Work and Political Ideologies 247Social Work and Social Policy 249Street-Level Organizations and Bureaucracies 249Street-Level Bureaucrats 249Street-Level Clients 250Policy Implications for Social Work Practice 250Public Welfare Policy in the Twentieth and Twenty-First CenturiesGenesis of Reform: Early Twentieth-Century Legislation 251Organized Ways of Helping 252The Emergence of Public Welfare: The New Deal Programs 253A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1525111/01/18 2:05 PM
xvi ContentsProvisions for Economic and Social Security 256The Great Society Programs: A Welfare Rights Initiative 257Movement toward New Federalism 258Welfare Reform in the 1990s 259Twenty-First-Century Initiatives 259Contemporary Public Welfare Programs 260Old-Age, Survivors, Disability, and Health Insurance 260Temporary Assistance for Needy Families 261Supplemental Security Income 264General Assistance 264Medicare and Medicaid 265Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act 265Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program 266Social Service Provisions of Title XX 266Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 267Critical Thinking Questions 267PART FOUR: CONTEMPORARY ISSUES IN FIELDS OF PRACTICE11. Social Work and Poverty, Homelessness, Unemployment,and Criminal Justice 269Social Work and Poverty 270The Other America 270Who Are the Poor? 271Relative and Absolute Poverty 272Why Are People Poor? 273Service Responses to Poverty 275Social Work and Homelessness 277Misunderstandings about Homelessness 277Prevalence of Homelessness 279Risk Factors Associated with Homelessness 280The Federal Response to Homelessness 281Social Work’s Response to Homelessness 282Social Work and Unemployment 284The Economy and Unemployment 284The Consequences of Unemployment 284Unemployment Benefits 285Services for People Who Are Unemployed 285Social Work in Criminal Justice 286Crime and Delinquency 287Crime and Punishment 288The Criminal Justice System 289Social Work Roles in Criminal Justice 291Police Social Work 291Victim Assistance Programs 292A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1611/01/18 2:05 PM
xvii ContentsVictim–Offender Mediation Programs 292Victim Witness Programs 293Forensic Social Work 293Juvenile Court Services 293Probation and Parole 294Social Work in Correctional Facilities 295Reflecting Back and Looking ForwardCritical Thinking Questions 29729612. Social Work in Health, Rehabilitation,and Mental Health 298Social Work in Health Systems 299Social Work in Public Health 299Social Work in Primary Health Care 300Hospital-Based Services 302Social Work in Long-Term-Care Services and Supports 304Social Work and Genetics 307Social Work and HIV/AIDS 309Prevalence 310Issues Facing Persons with HIV/AIDS 310Continuum of Programs and Services 312Social Work and Disabilities 313Defining Disabilities 313Federal Laws Related to Disabilities 315Stigma and the Social Model of Disability 316Empowering Relationships 317Social Work, Social Services, and Disabilities 318Promoting Consumer Voice and Choice 320Advocating Rights of Persons with Disabilities 321Social Work and Behavioral Health: Mental Health 321Defining Behavioral Health Issues 322Theoretical Perspectives 322Service Delivery 324Social Work in Mental Health Services 325Social Work and Behavioral Health: SubstanceUse Disorders 327Defining Substance Use Disorders 327Substance Use Disorder as a Brain-Based Disease 328Consequences of Substance Use Disorders 330Social Work and the Treatment of Substance Use Disorders 330Evidence-Based Treatment and Recovery Programs 331Mandatory Treatment 332Substance Use Prevention Programs 333Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 334Critical Thinking Questions 334A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1711/01/18 2:05 PM
xviii Contents13. Social Work with Families and Youths336The Contemporary Family 337Variations in Family Forms 337Family Service Agencies 340A Family Systems Approach 341Advocacy and Family Policy 343Child Maltreatment 343Historical Perspective 344Defining Child Maltreatment 345Mandatory Reporting Laws 347Child Maltreatment as an Adverse Childhood Experience 347Fostering Resilience 348Adopting Principles of Trauma-Informed Care 349Child Welfare Services 349The Child Welfare Delivery System 349Prevention 352Family Support and Family Preservation Services 352Foster Care 355Residential Services 357Permanency Planning and Family Reunification 358Adoption 360Advocacy Issues and Child Welfare 361School Social Work 361Collaborating with Communities 362Children with Special Educational Needs 363Early Developmental Screening 363Youth Suicide 364Other Services for Youths 365Social Work with Runaway and Homeless Youths 365Social Work and Domestic Minor Sex Trafficking 367Youth Empowerment 370Reflecting Back and Looking Forward 372Critical Thinking Questions 37314. Adult and Aging Services374Services for Adults 375Bereavement Counseling 375Social Work in Employee Assistance Programs 376Social Workers in the Military and in Services for Veterans 378Caregiving for Aging Parents and Life Partners 380Caregiving and Aging Parents 381Caregiving and Life Partners 381Caregiving and Dementia 381Social Work Supports for Caregivers 382A01 DUBO5792 09 SE FM.indd 1811/01/18 2:05 PM
xix ContentsIntimate Partner Violence 383Prevalence of Intimate Partner Violence 383Types of Intimate Partner Violence 384Dynamics of Intimate Partner Violence 384Service Responses to Intimate Partner Violence 386Intimate Partner Violence in the LGBT Community 387Children’s Reactions to Intimate Partner Violence 388Elder Abuse 389Types of Elder Abuse 389Prevale
tive introductory social work courses. Originally, our plan for the book developed out of differences in the strengths of our educational and practice backgrounds—a social systems perspectives from the University of Iowa School of Social Work and social group work from the University of Chicago, School of Social Service Administration; our var-
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