Unsteady Aerodynamics And Aeroelasticity Of Turbomachines
Unsteady Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity of Turbomachines
Unsteady Aerodynamics andAeroelasticity of TurbomachinesProceedings of the 81h International Symposiumheld in Stockholm, Sweden, 14-18 September 1997edited byTorsten H. FranssonDivision of Heat and Power Technology,Royal Institute of Technology,Stockholm, SwedenSPRINGER-SCIENCE BUSINESS MEDIA, B.V.
A C.I.P. Catalogue record for this book is available from the Library of Congress.ISBN 978-94-010-6116-2ISBN 978-94-011-5040-8 (eBook)DOI 10.1007/978-94-011-5040-8Printed on acid-free paperAll Rights Reserved 1998 Springer Science Business Media DordrechtOriginally published by Kluwer Academic Publishers in 1998Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1998No part of the material protected by this copyright notice may be reproduced orutilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical,including photocopying, recording or by any information storage andretrieval system, without written permission from the copyright owner.
THE EIGHT INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUMONUNSTEADY AERODYNAMICS ANDAEROELASTICITV OF TURBOMACHINES(THE 8TH ISUAAT)Kungliga Tekniska HogskolanSeptember 14-18, 1997Organized byTorsten H. FranssonSupported byABB STAL AB, Finspang (Hans Lennart Olausson)Elforsk AB, Stockholm (Ulf Arvidsson)European Commission (Cost Action F1), Belgium (Rainer Gerold)Forsmarks Kraftgrupp AB, Osthammar (Henning Danielsson)Martinsson Elektronik AB, Stockholm (Evert Strang)Matforum AB, Solna - Stockholm (Go ran Olsson)NUTEK (The Swedish National Board for Industrial and TechnicalDevelopment), Stockholm (Sten Afeldt)Polytec GmbH, Germany (Dr. Sell bach)SAS (Scandinavia Airline System), Stockholm (Barbro Roth)Volvo Aero Corporation, Trollhattan (Ulf Olsson)Wenner-Grens Center, Stockholm (Torvard Laurent)The International Scientific CommitteeAtassi, H.M. (USA)Bolcs, A. (Switzerland)Ffowcs Williams, J.E. (U.K.)Fransson, T. (Sweden)Gallus, H.E. (Germany)Gnesin, V.I. (Ukraine)Namba, M. (Japan)Saren, V.E. (Russia)Szechenyi, E. (France)Tanida, Y. (Japan)Verdon, J.M. (USA)Whitehead, D.S. (U.K.)Zhou, S. (P.R. China)v
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TABLE OF CONTENTSPreface . xiiiI:General Unsteady Phenomena. 1Theoretical Analyses of Rotating Cavitation in Inducers . 3S. Watanabe, K. Yokota, Y. Tsujimoto, K. KamijoNon-Linear Critical Layer in the Unsteady Boundary Layer induced on a Flat. . 19Plate by WakesZ. WiereinskiA Numerical Analysis of Wakes Propagation in Inviscid Flow of Turbine . 35P. Ferrand, S. Aubert, G. Oliveira, L. Smati,2: Experimental Unsteady Flow Around Oscillating Blades-1. . 51Three Dimensional Unsteady Flow Around a Turbine Blade Oscillating in . S3Bending Mode: An Experimental and Computational StudyD. L. Bell, L. HeRotating Blade Row Oscillating Airfoil Aerodynamics . 67K. K. Frey, S. FleeterExperimental Investigation of Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics of. . 83Transonic Compressor Cascades (Development of Test Facilities)I. Fujimoto, T. Hirano, H. TanakaExperimental Investigation of Unsteady PressureBehaviours . l03in a Linear Turbine CascadeM. Norryd, A. Boles3: Theoretical Studies of Unsteady Flow Around Oscillating Blades-1. . 117Calculation of Unsteady Forces Acting on the Profiles of Double Cascade . 119Oscillating in a Fluid FlowO. V. Chernysheva, V. A. YudinUnsteady Disturbances in Swirling Turbomachinery Flows . 131H. M. Atassi, V. V. Golubev
VllJUnsteady Forces on Annular Cascade Blades in Subsonic Flow with Swirl. . 147V. V. Golubev, H. M. AtassiEffect of Acoustic Control on the Flutter Boundaries of Supersonic Cascade . 165K. Nagai, M. Namba4: Theoretical Studies of Unsteady Flow Around Oscillating Blades-2 . . . . 181Nonlinear Harmonic Analysis of Unsteady Transonic Inviscid and Viscous Flows . 183L. He, W. NingFlutter Analysis of Two-Dimensional Viscous Subsonic and Transonic Flow in . 195Turbomachines Using the Advection Upstream Splitting Method (AUSM)W. Hahn, T. H. FranssonThree Dimensional Linearized Navier-Stokes Calculations for Flutter. 211and Forced ResponseD. G. Holmes, B. E. Mitchell, C. B. LorenceSome Applications of a Time-Linearized Euler Method to Flutter & Forced . 225Response in TurbomachineryJ. G. Marshall, M. B. Giles5: Compressor Flow Instabilities: Experiments. 241An Experimental Flow Investigation of an HP Five- Stage Compressor. 243Exhibiting Rotating Stall Due to Distorted Inlet Flow ConditionsW. Jahnen, T. Peters, L. FottnerHigh Speed Centrifugal Impeller and Diffuser Interaction Near Stall Conditions . 259T. Yamane, T. NagashimaUnsteady Flow and Turbulence in a Low Speed Axial Compressor. . 273A. Sentker, W RiessUnsteady Inlet/Compressor Interaction Experiment to Support the Modeling of. 287Compressor-Face Boundary ConditionsM. Sajben, D. D. Freund6: Aeroelastic Coupling-I . . 301
IXTree-Dimensional Coupled Model for Aeroelastic Analysis of Turbomachine . .303Blade Vibrations. Its Application to a Hydraulic Turbine RotorV. B. Kurzin, S. N. Korobeinikov, V. P. Ryabchenko, L. A. TkachevaThe 2D Flutter of a Bladed Disc in an Incompressible Flow . 317R. Rzr;dkowski, V. Gnesin, A. KovalyovStructural Mistuning and Aerodynamic Coupling in Turbomachinery Bladings . .335G. KahlWhole-Assembly Flutter Analysis of a Low Pressure Turbine Blade . .347A. /. Sayma, M. Vahdati, J. S. Green, M. Imregun7: Experimental Blade Row Interactions . . . . . . . 361Passages of Preceding Blade Wakes and their Effects in the Rotor Passages of. .363a Single Stage Axial-Flow FanT. Adachi, Y. YamashitaForced Response Vibrations of a Low Pressure Turbine due to Circumferential . .379Temperature DistortionsS. R. Manwaring, K. L. KirkengInvestigation ofthe Boundary Layer Development on a Highly Loaded Low . .393Pressure Turbine Cascade under the Influence of Unsteady Flow ConditionsP. Acton, L. FottnerExperimental and Numerical Investigation of Unsteady Rotor-Stator Interaction . .407on Axial Compressor Stage (with IGV) PerformanceV. E. Saren, N. M. Savin, D. J. Dorney, R. M. Zacharias8: Theoretical Studies of Unsteady Flow Around Oscillating Blades-3 . . . 425A 3D Linearized Euler Analysis for Blade Rows, . .427Part 1: Aerodynamic and Numerical FormulationsM. D. Montgomery, J. M. VerdonA 3D Linearized Euler Analysis for Blade Rows, . .445Part 2: Unsteady Aerodynamic Response PredictionsJ. M. Verdon, M. D. MontgomeryAnalysis of Nonlinear Oscillating Cascade Aerodynamics Including . .465Separated FlowJ. M. Wolff, S. Fleeter
xNumerical Solution of the Navier Stokes Equations for Unsteady Unstalled and . .477Stalled Flow in Turbomachinery Cascades with Oscillating Bladess. Weber, H. E. Gallus, D. Peitsch9: Compressor Flow Instabilities: Theory.493Active Suppression of Compressor Flow Instability . .495A. S. Abo Ellail, A. S. HassanOn Sub-Cell Structure of Deep Rotating Stall in an Axial Compressor. .511D. Kato, E. Outa, K. ChibaStability Analysis of Supersonic Cascade Flow by Actuator Disk Methods . .525K. Yokota, Y. Iwamoto, Y. Tsujimoto10: Aeroelastic Coupling-2.539Semi-Unstructured Mesh Generator for Flow Calculations in Axial. . .541Turbomachinery BladingL. Sbardella, A. /. Sayma, M. ImregunAeroelastic Tailoring for Rotor Blades of Transonic Swept Fans . .555S.ZhouMethods for Aeroelasticity in Propulsion . .565H. Mtirtensson, P. Groth11: Theoretical Blade Row Interactions-2.583Preliminary Results of an Unsteady Throughflow Code to Simulate the .585Start-up of a Multistaged TurbopumpM. Debard, P. Ferrand, F. LeboeufInvestigation of Stator-Rotor Interaction Phenomena in a Centrifugal Pump . .599y. MarxThe 3D-Unsteady Aerodynamic Forces - The Forced Vibration of Bladed Discs . 613V. Gnesin, R. RZ9dkowskiParallel Computation of Rotor-Stator Interaction . 633P. Cizmas, R. Subramanya
Xl12: Experimental Unsteady Flow Around Oscillating Blades-2.647Correlation of Pressure and Hot Film Data on an Oscillating 20 . 649NACA63AOO6 Single Airfoil at High IncidenceS. Svensdotter, U. Johansson, A. Kemppainen, T. Fransson,A Basic Forced Response Experiment. . 665M. Nowinski, P. OttVibration Characteristics of a Transonic Turbine Cascade . 679T. Watanabe, M. Aotsuka, Y. MachidaPeriodic Fluctuation of Shock Waves in Transonic Cascade Flows . 693T. Shiratori, M. Matsushita, Y. Noguchi13: Theoretical Studies of Unsteady Flow Around Oscillating Blades-4 . . . . . 705Part-Speed Flutter Analysis of a Wide-Chord Fan Blade. 707J. W. Chew, J. G. Marshall, M. Vahdati, M.lmregunThe Effect of the Blade Vibration Mode on a Flutter in a Transonic Fan .725K. lsomuraRole of Shock Structures in Transonic Fan Rotor Flutter .733T. Shibata, S. KajiComparison of Numerical Schemes to Investigate Blade Flutter.749L. Smati, S. Aubert, P. Ferrand, F. Massiio14: Theoretical Studies of Unsteady Flow Around Oscillating Blades-5 . . . . 765Eigenmode Analysis of Unsteady Viscous Flows in Turbomachinery Cascades .767R. Florea, K. C. Hall, P. G. A. CizmasTransonic Cascade Flutter in Combined Bending-Chordwise Translational Mode . 783S. KajiOn the Prediction of Dynamic Stall Onset on Airfoils in Low Speed Flow . 797K. D. Jones, M. F. Platzer15: Theoretical Studies of Unsteady Flow Around Oscillating Blades-6 . . . 813
XliFlutter of Aircraft Engine Low Pressure Turbine Blades: Oscillating Cascade . 815Experiments and AnalysisJ. Panovsky, M. Nowinski, A. BolesComparison ofDLT and CFD Predictions of Unsteady Aerodynamic Force on . 831Vibrating Supersonic Through- Flow Fan CascadeM. Namba, N. Yamasaki, T. OtsukaChairperson index . 847Author Index . 848List of participants . 850
PrefaceTwenty-one years have passed since the first symposium in this series was heldin Paris (1976). Since then there have been meetings in Lausanne (1980), Cambridge(1984), Aachen (1987), Beijing (1989), Notre Dame (1991) and Fukuoka (1994).During this period a tremendous development in the field of unsteady aerodynamics andaeroelasticity in turbomachines has taken place. As steady-state flow conditions becomebetter known, and as blades in the turbomachine are constantly pushed towards lowerweight, and higher load and efficiency, the importance of unsteady phenomena appearmore clearly.The 8th Symposium was, as the previous ones, of high quality. Furthermore, itpresented the audience with the latest developments in experimental, numerical andtheoretical research. More papers than ever before were submitted to the conference. Asthe organising committee wanted to preserve the uniqueness of the symposium byhaving single sessions, and thus mingle speakers and audience with differentbackgrounds in this interdisciplinary field, only a limited number of papers could beaccepted. 54 papers were accepted and presented at the meeting, all of which areincluded in the present proceedings.These papers cover a broad range of unsteady flow and aeroelastic phenomenain turbomachines. The state-of-the-art is clearly recognised in this volume. Comparingthis with the knowledge in 1976, it is clearly seen that the aeroelastic community hascome a long way in these years. Experimental data at high incidence, transonic flowconditions have now been obtained at mid-span on configurations in linear and annulartest facilities. Numerical prediction models are capable of predicting fully threedimensional unsteady viscous flow conditions. Analytical aspects related to the twodimensional far-field boundary conditions and coupling between blade rows are muchbetter known today.There are still considerable challenges throughout the whole domain ofunsteady effects in the broad sense. Mathematical aspects related to the formulation ofthree-dimensional wave propagation and boundary conditions, and experiments relatedto the three-dimensional propagation of unsteady perturbations at high incidence andtransonic flow are two of these. Wake and potential influence on the unsteady blade loadcan still not be calculated with a high degree of accuracy. Various flow-structurecoupling schemes will be of higher significance as new materials will be used in theblades. Faster computations with vectorized and parallel prediction models will benecessary. Furthermore, indications of "time-averaged" efficiency gains will certainlymean that a lot of effort will be put into the field of unsteady effects on the "steadystate" flow in the future. Finally, although existing prediction models are appliedtowards unsteady flow under real operating conditions, it is not yet possible to fully trustthe results.Xlll
XIVIt will be a challenging and interesting period in Unsteady Aerodynamics andAeroelasticity in Turbomachines over the next few years. The 9 th Symposium will beheld at the Ecole Centrale in Lyon, France, in the year 2000. The Scientific Committeeof the Symposium series wishes you an interesting research and development phase untilthen, and look forward to meeting you in Lyon.Last but not least, the Scientific Committee would like to express its gratitudeto the organisations and individuals who financially supported the 8th Symposium, aswell as the supporters of the previous meetings. These scientific high quality meetingscould not have taken place without these contributions.Torsten H. FranssonKungliga Tekniska Hogskolan
Unsteady Aerodynamics and Aeroelasticity of Turbomachines Proceedings of the 8 1h International Symposium held in Stockholm, Sweden, 14-18 September 1997 edited by Torsten H. Fransson Division of Heat and Power Technology, Royal Institute of Technology
1. Static Aeroelasticity 2. Unsteady Aerodynamics 3. Dynamic Aeroelasticity 4. Turbomachinery Aeroelasticity
Vibration theory. Steady and unsteady flows. Mathematical foundations of aeroelasticity, static and dynamic aeroelasticity. Linear unsteady aerodynamics, non-steady aerodynamics of lifting surfaces. Stall flutter. Aeroelastic problems in civil engineering structures. Aeroelastic problems of
Keywords : Aeroelasticity, CFD, finite-volume discretization, unsteady aerodynamics, unstructured meshes Introduction Aeroelasticity can be defined as the science which studies the mutual interaction between aerodynamic and structural dyn
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