Turkish Aerospace MELTEM-III Project & ATR-72/600 TMPA
Turkish AerospaceMELTEM-III Project & ATR-72/600 TMPAby İbrahim SÜNNETÇİProduced under theMELTEM-III Project, thefirst ATR-72/600 (tailnumber TCB 751) TurkishMaritime Patrol Aircraft(TMPA) was sent to Italyin 2016 for certificationtests after its structuralmodifications werecompleted at TUSAŞfacilities, and arrivedin early March 2019 tocarry out the final testsbefore its delivery. Thefirst ATR-72/600 TMPAsuccessfully passedcertif ication testsand landed at TurkishAerospace’s facilities inKahramankazan, Ankaraand will be deliveredto the Naval ForcesCommand in the comingdays after the final testsare completed.In this article, we will firstexamine the MELTEM-IIIProject and then shareinformation about thetechnical characteristicsand capabilities of theATR-72/600 MaritimePatrol Aircraft. In thelast part of our article,we will briefly introducethe P-72A M/P Aircraft,which is also basedon the ATR-72/600platform and is still flownby the Italian Air Force.50With the MELTEM-IIIProject, which is the last ofthe MELTEM Programs andvalued at approximatelyUS 218.7 Million [ 180Million, the cost of theAMASCOS-300 MissionSystem procured underthe MELTEM-II Projectis not included in thisfigure, merely the aircraftprocurement, structuralmodification, test andcertification costs arecovered] two ATR-72/600utility aircraft in TMUA(Turkish Maritime UtilityAircraft) configurationentered the inventory andwere inducted into theservice of the Turkish Navyin July and August 2013.Within the scope of theproject, a further six ATR72/600 Maritime Patrol(M/P) Aircraft with AntiSubmarine Warfare (ASW)and Anti Surface Warfare(ASuW) capabilities will alsobe procured. Accordingto the official website ofthe Turkish Naval ForcesCommand (TNFC), thedelivery of six ATR-72/600Turkish Maritime PatrolAircraft (TMPA) will takeplace during 2019 — 2020.The structural modificationactivities on the ATR72/600 Utility Aircraft withtail numbers TCB701 andTCB702 were performed bythe Prime Contractor AleniaAermacchi/Leonardo atNapoli-Capodichino andTorino-Caselle facilities. Tothis end, the aircraft wereequipped with new radiosets and an IFF system.The contract of the MeltemIII Project, covering theprocurement of a total of6 ATR-72/600 aircraft andtheir modification into ASWand ASuW configurationfor the Turkish Navy, wassigned between AleniaAermacchi S.p.A andTurkish Aerospace (TUSAŞ)in July 2012. The agreementis an amendment to aprevious deal signed onJuly 20, 2005 and becameeffective in April 2006between Alenia and theTurkish Government forthe delivery of 10 ATR72/500 ASW aircraft to theTurkish Navy. Within theframework of the project,as the Main Sub-Contractorof Alenia/Leonardo, allrelated modif icationactivities to convert the‘green’ ATR-72/600 inATR-72/600 TMPA willbe carried out at TurkishAerospace’s facilities.Turkish Aerospace’s workshare includes Kit-A andtools manufacturing,procurement of materialand support equipment,structural and electricalmodification, assembly,test, Ground Flight Support,and Integrated LogisticsSupport (ILS) activities.According to theoriginal schedule,upon the completionof the certification andacceptance tests, the firstof the six ATR-72/600TMPAs was plannedto be delivered to theTurkish Navy in February2017. The remaining fiveTMPAs were intended tobe delivered by the endof Q1 2018. However, thefirst ATR-72/600 greenaircraft to receive StructuralModification could onlyarrive at Turkish Aerospace'sfacilities on April 19, 2013,and modification effortswere launched in thesame year. Followingthe completion of theStructural Modification(covering the integration ofAirborne Maritime SituationControl System-300[AMASCOS-300] missionequipment and convertingthe green aircraft into anMPA with ASW capabilities)activities, the first aircraftaccomplished its maiden
The delivery date of thefirst ATR-72/600 TMPAwas later postponed toMay 2017, but due to thedifficulties arising duringthe certification tests, thedelivery mentioned abovecould not be actualized. At apress meeting held on May10, 2017, during IDEF ‘17 Fairin response to our questionon whether the first ATR72/600 Turkish MaritimePatrol Aircraft would bedelivered to the TurkishNaval Forces in May, theVice President of Leonardoin charge of Strategy,Markets, and BusinessDevelopment GiovanniSOCCODATO stated thatdue to the delays whichoccurred in the certificationprocess, the delivery wouldbe accomplished in thesecond half of 2017.Meanwhile, procured withinthe scope of the MELTEMIII Project, eight of the tenAMASCOS-300 MissionSystem sets to be utilizedin the ATR-72/600 TMPAplatforms powered withtwo PW127M turbopropengines produced by P&WCanada were receivedas of April 2014, and theremaining 2 AMASCOS-300Mission System sets weredelivered in September/October 2014. Six of the Turkish Aerospaceflight on July 14, 2016,and was sent to Torino/Italy for the executionof certification tests bythe Italian CertificationAuthority (DAAA) andFinmeccanica, on thesame day. The secondaircraft was sent to Torino,Italy, in April 2017 uponthe completion of theStructural Modification. Theflight tests were executedat the Flight Test Centerof the Alenia Aermacchi/Leonardo Company inTorino.The First Turkish ATR-72 MPA is seen in course of modification efforts in 2014, TurkishAerospace facilitiesaforementioned MissionSystems would be utilizedin the 6 ATR-72/600 aircraftto be delivered in TurkishMaritime Patrol Aircraft(TMPA) configuration, whilethe remaining four wouldbe stored to be used asbackups for securing thelifetime maintenanceand operation of theAMASCOS-300 MissionSystem deployed at bothin the P-235 (CN235-100M)and ATR-72/600 TMPAMaritime Patrol Aircraft ofthe Turkish Navy.While the P-235 MPAs,equipped with Link-11Tactical Data Link System,can carry Mk46 LightweightTorpedo and Depth Bombsat the external hardpoints/pylons under the wings,the ATR-72/600 ASW/ASuW aircraft can carry theweapon load on two pylonsat the fuselage sides (theylack the underwing pylonsfor external payload dueto their wing designs) willadditionally feature theLink-16 Tactical Data Linkand Mk54 LightweightTorpedo capabilities. Viathe Link-11 Tactical DataLink System operatingat the HF band, datacommunication could beconducted up to the rangeof 200km at the Line ofSight (LoS). The engineeringsupport required forthe integration of theMk46 Mod 5 and Mk54Lightweight Torpedoesto ATR-72/600 TMPAs isprovided by the companyRaytheon. To this end, acontract worth US 5.7Million was signed betweenthe Main Contractor AleniaAermacchi and Raytheon inJuly 2014.The ATR-72/600 does nothave an internal weaponsbay; instead, it carriesits weapon load on twoexternal pylons on thefuselage sides. Althoughinstalling the pylons on sidesof the fuselage preventsthe wings, the most fragileelements of the aircraft,from being affected byexcessive loads, the externalweapon load considerablyreduces the aerodynamicperformance of theplane, thereby leading toincreased fuel consumptionand reduced missionperformance. Moreover,the very slow-cruising andpatrol speeds (patrol speedof ATR-72/600 is 130 knots240km/h) create additionaldrag (air resistance), whichfurther affects the aircraft’sperformance to a certainpoint. Thus, the pylons areinstalled tangentially on thelower edges of the fuselage.Technically the ATR-72/600MPA platforms can beequipped with four pylonsin total, two in front of thelanding gear bays, and twoat the rear of the aircraft (Ihave not seen any picturesof ATR-72 aircraft equippedwith these pylons). Twoadditional pylons canalso be installed on theplane just behind the frontlanding gear. The pylon onthe starboard side (right)of the fuselage can carryup to 200kg and generallycarries the SpectrolabSX16E searchlight andThiokol LUU-2B/B flarelauncher. Spectrolab SX16Esearchlight, which can workin both visible and infraredlighting spectrums, hasa power of 100 millioncandles and can be slavedto the movements ofthe ‘spherical’ optronicturret. Thiokol LUU-2B/Blauncher has a capacityof 6 illumination flares.The pylon on the port side(left) of the fuselage, onthe other hand, can carry apod-mounted 12.7mm FNM3P machine gun.E a c h py l o n we i g h saround 40kg and hasa maximum capacityof 1,000lb (454kg). TheATR-72/600 can carry51
The Airbus Defence &Space (ADS competed inthe MELTEM-III tender withthe ATR-72) product C295Maritime Patrol Aircraft(MPA) can technicallybe installed with threeseparate underwinghardpoints/pylons with acapacity of 800kg, 500kg,and 300kg respectively.Having certified the Mk46Light Torpedo for the C295aircraft of the ChileanNavy, ADS Military Aircraftalso integrated the MBDAproduct Marte Mk2/S AntiShip Guided Missiles in 2012to improve the aircraft’s airto-surface performance.In this context, the MarteMissile was integrated intothe same external pyloncarrying the Mk46 torpedowith a small modificationto the ejector, and itscertification was completedafter the firing tests which52 Defence Turkeytwo 324mm lightweighttorpedoes (about 250kg),depth charges (around160kg), Penguin Mk2 Mod7, NSM, SOM-J (all around400kg), or the lighterMarte Mk2/S and its newversion Marte ER Anti-ShipGuided Missiles with twopylons on either side of thefuselage. In the standardconfiguration, two lighttorpedoes can be mountedon the front pylons and twodepth charges on the rearpylons. As an alternative tobombs, two Penguin (AGM119B) Mk2 Mod7 type AntiShip Guided Missiles canalso be mounted on thepylons. The pylons need tobe modified to use othertypes of missiles. However,neither the Turkish MaritimePatrol Aircraft platforms tobe delivered to the TurkishNavy nor the four P-72Aaircraft operated by theItalian Air Force can launchAnti-Ship Guided Missiles.AMASCOS -300 Mission Systems Consoles of CN-235 TMPAwere carried out in 2013.Weighing 310kg, the MarteMk2/S Anti-Ship GuidedMissile is 3.85m in length,316mm in diameter, andhas a range of over 30km.Upgraded with a Turbojetengine, the third generationMarte ER Anti-Ship GuidedMissile is 3.60m in length,316mm in diameter, andweighs around 315kg. TheMarte ER can reach a rangeof over 100 km.T h e A M A S C O S -3 0 0Airborne Maritime SituationControl System deployedboth in the CN235-100M (P235) and ATR-72/600 ASW/ASuW aircraft, featuresa total of four operatorconsoles (Radar Operator,Tactical CoordinationOfficer [TacCo], AcousticsOperator and ElectronicWa r f a r e ( E W ) a n dCommunication Operator)and includes: the OceanMaster 400 Search Radarwith a range of 190nm, in400W power and with SAR/ISAR/SPOT-SAR/STRIPSAR/MMTI capabilities, theAselFLIR 200T FLIR Systemenabling the identificationof surface contacts up toa 35nm range, SonobuoyL a u n c h e r, T M S -2 0 0Active/Passive SonobuoyProcessing System (for thesonobuoys, capable oflistening to 16 sonobuoyssimultaneously), TCAS II AirTraffic Collision AvoidanceSystem, DR-3000 ElectronicSupport Measures (ESM)[functions also as an RWR),AN/ASQ-508(V) MagneticAnomaly Detector (MAD)with an antenna lengthof 4.5m and an antennaweighing nearly 50kg,Link-11/Link-16 TacticalData Link Systems, LN-100GINS/GPS, ARS-700 AirborneRescue System, APX-113IFF System and Aselsan’sASES-235 EW IntegratedSelf-Protection Systemcontaining the AN/AAR-60MILDS MWS and four AN/ALE-47 CMDS Launchers.Three million lines softwarewas developed for thereal-time AMASCOS-300Mission System within thescope of the Program. TheOcean Master 400 Radarwith a mechanically rotatedantenna array is capableof detecting a submarineperiscope from a 30nmrange at an altitude of1,000ft under favorableweather conditions, and apatrol boat from a 90nmrange at an altitude of6,000ft within an area of100 square meters.With the AMASCOS-300Mission System, the datafrom dozens of sensors onthe aircraft are processedquickly, and a completepicture of the operationarea (including surface, air,and underwater) is providedwith proper symbology onMultipurpose OperatorConsole (MOC) screens. Thiscapability, which is a mustfor creating a completepicture of the operationarea, played a significantrole in the project’s delay.Thales has faced significanttechnical problems indeveloping/integrating acomputer that can processdata from so many sensorsin a very short time and thesoftware to run on it andhas suffered more than 50 million in losses. ThalesAlenia Space (TAS) wrote 3million lines of code for thereal-time AMASCOS-3000Mission System solely tosolve this problem.To give an idea about themission duration of an ATR72/600 MPA platform in theASW role, let’s suppose thata Maritime Patrol Aircraftdetected a periscope,identified the target andlaunched two torpedoesat the hostile submarinewhile performing asubmarine warfare missionat a distance of 200 nauticalmiles from its base at anoptimum cruising altitudeand speed (5,000ftsurveillance altitude and130 knots patrol speed).In this mission profile, theaircraft can stay in the airfor 6.5 hours. According toopen sources, the MPA canoperate for approximately8.5 hours, consideringthe approximately1,000-nautical mile distanceand the 6-hour patrol time,including the 30-minuteattack time. In this case,the maximum flight timeof the aircraft (10 hours inSearch and Rescue mission,more than 8 hours of this isreserved for surveillancemission) will be just over 2hours in an operational area600 nautical miles fromthe base, and 3.3 hours inan operational area 400nautical miles away.
LeonardoP-72A/ATR 72Maritime PatrolAircraftA 260 million contractwas signed in December2008 between theMinistry of Defense of Italyand Alenia Aermacchi/Leonardo to supply fourP-72A Maritime PatrolAircraft for the ItalianAir Force. Under thecontract, the first planewould be delivered in2012, while the otherthree would be deliveredin 2013. However, as inthe MELTEM-III Project,there was a significantdelay in the project andthe first two P-72A Planes,which will replace theveteran Breguet Atlantic2 Planes in service, weredelivered to the ItalianAir Force in December2016. The Italian Air Forcealso signed a US 137.4Million ( 100 Million)contract with Leonardoin November 2011 toreceive f ive years oftechnical and logisticalsupport for four aircraft.Leonardo Aircraft alsosold a total of four P-72B(ATR72/600) MaritimePatrol Aircraft (one planeu n d e r t h e co n t r a c tsigned in July 2018 andthree aircraft underthe contract signed inOctober 2019 at over 150million) and necessarylogistics support servicesto Guardia di Finanza(GdF - an Italian lawenforcement agencyunder the authority ofthe Minister of Economyand Finance). The firstaircraft was delivered inNovember 2019, and theother three planes areexpected to be deliveredby 2022.A new mission systemwas preferred for ItalianATR-72/600 MaritimePatrol Aircraft knownas P-72A. Developedby Selex Galileo andk n ow n a s A i r b o r n eTactical Observation andSurveillance-Enhanced(ATOS-E), this systemforms the heart of analmost entirely domesticproduction missionhardware. The systemdeveloped by SelexGalileo belongs to thegeneration followingAMASCOS and is a higherperformance and flexiblesolution depending on thesensors used. The openand modular architectureof ATOS can integrate andsupport various sensorsand functions. The onlysignificant feature of theATOS Mission System thatis missing compared toAMASCOS is the completedata fusion, which is usedto detect/classify targets.The four Multi-PurposeOperator Consoles(MOC) widely incorporatecommercially availableCOTS (Commercial OffThe-Shelf) components toreduce costs and simplifyconfiguration. LeonardoThe Cockpit of Italian ATR-72/600 dubbed as P-72A MPACompared to theMELTEM-III Project, theItalian P-72A Planes havemore modern equipmentin terms of Mission SystemSensors. Because while theMELTEM-III Agreementwas signed in 2005, theAMASCOS-3000 MissionSystem order was placedunder the MELTEM-IIagreement signed in2002. Therefore, there isa difference of about tenyears in terms of sensortechnology. The mostnoticeable differencesin the hardware (MissionSystem hardware)between the ATR-72/600TMPA and the P-72Aare the Selex Galileo/Leonardo SeaSpray7300E X-Band AESA(Active ElectronicallyScanned Array) Radar,FLIR Star SAFIRE 380-HDEO/IR Imaging System,integrated broadbandSatCom System and AN/ASQ-508(V) MagneticAnomaly Detection (MAD)system.Although a capablesystem, it is impossibleto compare OceanMaster with the SeaSpray7300E Radar. Selex’sAESA radar has superiorperformance in everyrespect. Especially the53
detection distances aresuperior to a mechanicallyscanned radar in terms ofmultimode flexibility andreliability (2,000 hoursmean time betweenfailures). The SeaSpray7300E has SAR/ISAR( Sy n t h e t i c A p e r t u reRadar/Inverse SyntheticAperture Radar) modes,sub-meter resolution,and excellent MTI/GMTImodes. Moreover, the FLIRStar SAFIRE 380-HD EO/IRSystem is a more superiorproduct compared to theAselFLIR-200. Consistingof a 6-axis gyro-stabilizedround turret, the systemincludes a 3-5 μm MidWave Infrared (MWIR)camera with native 1280x 720 resolution and120x-magnification, along-range HD Color CCDcamera, a Color NIR (Nearinfrared) low-light CCDcamera and multiple laserpayload options (eye-saferangefinder, illuminatoror pointer). This system’sperformance is excellentin terms of sensors, as wellas targeting accuracy andstability (less than 0.5 rad).54 Defence TurkeyPakistan Navy ATR 72/500 MPA was displayed at PAS'19Pakistan Navyand ATR 72/500Maritime PatrolAircraftAs of April 2020, thePakistan Navy has twoATR 72/500 (ATR-72212A) Maritime PatrolAircraft with tail numbers78 and 79, respectively.The planes, known asthe ‘RAS 72 Sea Eagle’,had previously been inservice with the PN asutility/transport aircraft.These two planes wereconverted into MaritimePatrol Aircraft (MPA) withASW capabilities underan agreement signedin early 2015 with theRheinland Air Service( RAS ) , M a i nte n a n ce,Repair, and Overhaul(MRO) company locatedin Mönchengladbach,Germany. The first plane(tail number 79) wasdelivered in June 2018,while the second plane(tail number 78) wastransferred to the PakistanNav y i n Ju n e 2 0 1 9.Following the completionof the acceptance testsconducted after theirtransfer by RAS, the first(tail number 79) and thesecond (tail number78) RAS 72 Sea EagleMPAs re-entered servicewith the PN with officialceremonies held at NavalAir Station PNS Mehran inKarachi on December 12,2018, and on January 4,2020, respectively. At theceremony held on January4, 2020, another ATR72 Aircraft (tail number76) in the transport/airdrop configurationentered the PakistanNavy service. While thestructural modificationactivities carried out forthe conversion of the firstaircraft into the MaritimePatrol Aircraft took 15months, the work onthe second aircraft wascompleted in 12 months.Rheinland Air Service(RAS) introduced PakistanNavy (PN)’s second ATR72/500 (tail number 78)Multirole Maritime PatrolAircraft (MPA) with ASWcapabilities to the publicat the 2019 Paris Air Show.The first ATR-72/500Aircraft (tail number79) was exhibited withanother ATR-72 aircraft(tail number 77) in utilityconfiguration during theceremony, held on thelast day of the AMAN-19Multinational MaritimeExercise held in Karachion February 8-12, 2019.
Defence TurkeyAccording to an RASofficial, whom we hadthe opportunity to meetwith during the 2019Paris Air Show heldJune 17-23, the PakistanNaval Air Arm performedover 300 missions thataccumulated 500 flighthours with the first aircraft.He also pointed out thatthe Pakistan Navy hasthe intention to convertthree more ATR-72s intoMPA configuration, butit depends on budgetallocations. At the PakistanNavy’s request, the P127Fengines of the PN RAS 72Sea Eagle MPAs, whichfeatures a semi glasscockpit, were upgradedto the P127M engines(2.750shp) used in ATR72/600 Aircraft. TheMPAs are fitted with theAerodata AG Companyproduct AeroMissionMission ManagementSystems (MMS). Thesystem has four OperatorConsoles placed sideA244/S Mod 3 lightweight ASW t o r p e d o e sby s i d e i n t a n d e mconfiguration inside thecabin. Thanks to its sensorfusion algorithms, theAeroMission MMS
the delivery of 10 ATR-72/500 ASW aircraft to the Turkish Navy. Within the framework of the project, as the Main Sub-Contractor of Alenia/Leonardo, all related modification activities to convert the ‘green’ ATR-72/600 in ATR-72/600 TMPA will be carried out at Turkish Aerospace’s faci
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