1985 Revaluation Of Camel Hump Butte Dam - North Dakota
1985 REVALUATION OF CAMEL HI.JMP BUTTE SWC PROJECT DAÀ,I NO. 7382 GOLDEN VALLEY COIJNTY 1 Review Ç Report Geotechn Chief; Design, Construction tion P S & @erations Section Geology & Hydrology Review -/z- By By //aa"r( Alan Wanek, Hydrologist Downstream Design Systen Ê Cost Estimate By Ronald A. Swanson, De s].gn Submitted Enginee r By David A. t P.E. Director, Engineering Division
INTRODUCTION SECTIO¡{ Camel Hutn¡r Butte Dan is located 1.6, Township .r40 North, Range 104 I in the SWå of the Nll%. of Section west, in Golden valley cor¡rty, North Dakota. trt is approxinrately Lt lniLes northeast of the city of Sentinel" Butte' It. lies on an tmnamed, inter,rnittent. tributary of Andrews Creek, which flows ints the Littl.e Missouri River Basin. The darn was designed and engineered by the l*lorth Dakota state Highway Department. comrpleted in December of 1968, its purpose w¿s to for fish and wiLdLife habi'tat and to provide recreationaL facilities. The d.au is an integral part of Interstate ttrighwa¡¡ No. 94 irnpound water which crosses the valley at this point. 1
INTER-AGENCY ACTIVITIES SECTION on May 3, r97L, the state water II letter fron the Rojic Brothers complaining about They reported Upon its first conmission received the area was becoming very seepage below the dam. boggy. receipt of the above letter, the State Water Conmission informed the State Highway Department by phone about its intention of making an inspection of the downstream area of the dam. They agreed to provide a representative for the inspection. 0n May 6, 197I, Artand Grunseth, State Water Commission and Erling Pederson, state Highway Department inspected referenced darn. They entire walked the downstream area including the dan and its abutments. The reconnaissance revealed several sma1l h¡ater ponds west and southwest of the outlet structure. The area was relatively boggy, and reedy marsh prants were growing. A small channel dan was also observed further downstream. to ft was constructed by Joe Mayo and Sons Construction Company impound water for use in construction of the highway. The darn was hotding back water and had further created a stagnant pool below the outlet structure. This was causing backup water to partially cover the structure. A nethod spillway dissipator of draining the hlas pond to elininate inundation of rejected by the Rojic Brothers in 1969 (Reference Highway Department Meno dated May 28, 1969 by Erling Pederson). actual seeps or flowing water was observed at the along the embankment slopes and groins. If the flow paths As a hrere the embankment dam was No toe or seeping, the not detected. result of the aforementioned inspection and the insufficient infornation acquired, the state water conmission and State Highway 2
to cost-share in the installation of nonitoring (observation) wells (See Investigations Section). The wel1s were installed Department agreed in the surnmer of r97r and monj.tored until the spring of 1973. with the continued use of the downstream area by the Rojics for livestock feeding, four of the seven well pipes were broken off. The wel1s became plugged and ground-water leve1s were either inaccurate or unobtainable. Their continued use of the area, the destruction of the observation we11s and a seeming lack of cooperation by the Rojics, to the abandonment Due to the of the ground-water study. abandonment June 25, 1973 sent a of the nonitoring prograrn, the Conrnission letter to the State Highway Department. briefly described the nonitoring change program and indicated no in well levels except for seasonal fluctuations. nentioned the problen movement of evaluating seepage in an attempt to differentiate to trace the 1ed problem to one cause patteïns or The letter identifiable The letter also groundürater between the probable causes or alone. Due to the conplexity of problem and additional exploration programs being too requested the State Highway Departmentfs assistance the costly, the Conmission in obtaining flowage easenents from the Roj ics. Upon notice of the above, the State Highway Department contacted the Rojics on JuLy 12, 1973, relative to obtaining flowage easements, relocation of their livestock feeding areas and the construction of a drainage system within and beyond the sheltered livestock feeding area inmediately below the dam. The meeting of the two parties faited to achieve an agreement on any 1973, the Game Department of the above solutions. 0n October 17, and Fish Department was informed by the State Highway of this stalemate between 3 on the Rojics, their agency and the
commission. Two soluti-ons to the problem üiere suggested as follows: 1) of relocating a 1.3 acre sheltered feeding area together with 500 feet of access roadway estinated to Replacenent costs cost 2) It 5, 965. 00. rnstalling a drainage system at approxirnately was also suggested that the Gane and 3,125.00. Fish Department coordinate with the connission in any resolution of the problen that night be proper. Relative to the seepage problem at the dan, the State Highway in their letter of Octobet rz, l97s; that upon for construction of the dam, they felt they did Department went on record reviewing the agreement not have any responsibility in this problem. upon receiving another letter from the Rojics dated June s, !974, the Corunission by letter of June 20, L974, went on record in again suggesting two solutions to the problem. They were: 1) Install a drain trench consisting of 6-inch perforated pVC pipe and backfilled with drain material. 2) Replace a I.3 acre sheltered feeding area and access roadway, plus a 36ttxl2f culvert. Copies of the above letter Water Resource District, State were also sent to the Golden Valley Highway Department and Gane and Fish Departnent. As a result of a letter from the Rojics dated November 15, the Connission's response of Novenber 18, L974, L974 was as follows: trThe flowage easement or the two remedial solutions suggested in our letter of June 20, 1974, are fina1. To continue our on-site investigations and inspections would be an exercise of past efforts.rt In ending, the Comnission suggested that the Rojics contact their Iocal county water board in an effort to coordinate any resolution of the problem that they find satisfactory. 4
The next letter of any significance was a Letter to the dated septenber 5, 1985, fron c.B. Dahl, Departnent, Dickinson, North Dakota. conplaints fron Jack Rojic. Conrnission District Engineer, state lheir office Highway was again receiving Arthough the Letter was discussed by cornrnission engineers, no forrnal action or reply was fon¡arded to the Rojics or the State Highway Departnent. on August 7, 1985, a letter was received fron the law firur of Fteed, Dynes, Reichert and Bt¡resh, representing l{alt and Jack Rojic. rn addition to the Comnission" the letter was also addressed to the State Highway Department and, the Gane and Fish Department. The letter the cornplaints of their clients and aLso nentioned corrective addressed ne,asunes of the past. It was further nentioned that al.l three ageRcies should cooPerate in their efforts to determine the cause for the damfs seepage problern and to seek an effective solution. 5
INVESTIGATIONS SECTION III Cooperative investigations by the State Water Comnission and the State Highway Department of the projectts downstrean area occurred early as the spring of 1969. A snall channel dam located as downstream from the roadway ernbankment revealed a potential problem to the dan. During periods of high runoff volunes into the reservoir, flows beneath the main dam were restricted by this discharge lowhead channel dan. Restriction caused backup waters in excess of three feet into the spillway dissipator and unto the embankrnent drainage system located at the downstream toe of the dam. In April of 1969, a topographic survey downstrearn atea by the State Water Comnission. correspondence between the Roj ics was rnade of the After several nonths of and the State Highway Department relative to the drainage problem, differences of opinion and renedial measures could not be reconciled or agreed to. As a result of this, the State Highway Department that nothing be done to the memorandum was Tecorunended change the by office nemo dated downstream drainage l,4ay 28, 1969, area. A copy of sent to the State Water Connission and the Game and Fish Department. As previously nentioned on May 3, L977, the State Water Conmission received its first letter from the Rojic Brothers complaining about downstrearn seepage. After conferring with the State Highway Department, the Conrnission agreed to investigate the potential problem the downstream of dam. The soil and geologic exploration program was developed by the State Water Conmission. Drilling of the test holes and installation of the observation wells were performed by Soil Exploration 6 Cornpany of St.
Paul, Minnesota and the state water commission. The topography of the downstream area and locations of the wells were surveyed by the State water cornmission. A ground-water geologist and engineering geotogist supervised and inspected the the State Water The field operations. Both were employed by Commission. preliminary subsurface exproration began on June 2, rg7r, was completed on June 4, 7977. and The exploratory program was made to deternine characteristics of the subsurface materials, ground-water conditions and their geologic relationship to the A total of seven test holes dan. were dri11ed, ranging in depth from ten (10) to seventy (70) feet. They were later cased with h-ínch plastic pipe with I'v" slot screens. The observation wells were monitored Ground-water until the spring of levels fluctuated from season to r973. season and frorn one year to the next. Except for seasonal fluctuations in surface elevations, the data obtained was not thorough enough to provide accurate correlation of geologic conditions underlying the dam and to supply the desired information on ground-water conditions downstream of the dan. Although a high water table probably existed prior to construction of the dan sti11 exists, the rate and definitely ascertained. sands and direction of ground-water However, the presence silts with interbedded lignite and movement was not of fine, non-plastic beds underlying the darn's foundation, leads to the assumption that seepage was possible through one or more of these lithologies. "4t','Evaluation of Hydrologist.) (See Attachment Camelrs Hump Dam Areart, by Alan Wanek, Although the groundwater data was somewhat we intended to continue to nonitor the area. 7 insufficient in detail, Each ground-water situation
will identifiable characteristics which will help to determine the best procedures to use. In this case, we believed our observation have some welrs, in time, might provide us with these characteristics. hoped we then to select nore applicable procedures for detailed investigations. However, as previously mentioned, the Rojics continued to pasture the area and by míd-sunmer of 1973, four of seven observation standpipes been broken off. The wel1s became plugged and ground-water levels had were either inaccurate or unobtainable. Their continued use of the area and the destruction of the observation wells, 1ed to the abandonment of the nonitoring program and any immediate or future geological or groundwater studies. 0n JuIy 9, 1985, representatives fron the State Water Conmi-ssion and State Highway Departnent inspected the project. The inspection revealed no maj or changes from previous inspections. Photos of the upstream and downstream areas were taken, along In view of the aforementioned, with water levels. we and others offer the following corilnents and suggestions regarding the hydrogeologic data needed solve the problem at Camel Hunp Butte Due to help Dam: to the construction of the original monitoring wells some of the data is of questionable value. In order to attempt to determine whether seepage exists through the dan, it is important that piezometers be constructed for the collection of additional data. Piezometers in air drilled holes that are only slightly deeper than the zone to be monitored and pressure grouted from just above the screened should be placed interval to the surface. This type of construction will eliminate hydrologic interference from aquifers with different hydrostatic than the one being monitored. We 8 any head think that existing wel1s #3 and 6 are
probably valid in that they are screened in the shallowest zone and were not drilled nuch deeper than the screened interval. This array of piezometers would produce vertical and horizontal water level data of the area in questíon. Staff gauges to determine the water level elevation of the reservoir and water standing doumstream of the dan would conplete the picture. If the reservoir level doesnrt tie in fairly welI, another pair of piezometers nay be required on the upstream side of I-94. A nonitoring program should then be established with nonthly measurements through the winter and weekly, oÌ every other day measurements when and if there is any increase in the stage of the reservoir. The construction of a dozen piezometers in about 500 feet of hole could run upllards of 7,000. In addition to the nonitoring program, a drainage considered this for the area system is dov¡nstream shown as Attachment would intercept and low point downstream collect the of the dan enbankment. 'tBtt. The plan for The proposed drainage system excess ground-water and conduct j-t to a of the existing stock watering dan. This would help to alleviate the wet problem downstream of the dan. to do this is system should be 10,000. 9 The cost estimate
Photo ff1 Looking Upstrearn Along Eastside of Reservoir July 9, 1985 I ti Photo #2 Looking Upstream of Embanknrent 1985 July 9, '¡ Photo #3 Looking We-st Along Upstrearn Slope of Dam July 9, 1985
View Photo of #4 Downstream Area Looking Southwest July 9, 1985 Photo #5 View of Downstrean Area Looking South July 9, Photo View of 1985 #6 Downstream Area Looking South-Southeast July 9, 1985
, J ' affin Photo Vi.ew of #7 l]olvnstream Area Below Out1et Structure July 9, 1985 Photo #8 Víew of Channel Below Outlet Structure July 9, 1985
NORTH DAKOTA STATE VIATER COMMTSSION OFFICE To: File #1382 FROM: Alan hlanek, Hydrologist SUBJECT: Evaluation of Came1s Hurnp DATE: September 25' 1985 MEMO Dam Area I have evaluated the data available at the the possible influence of the dam and WaÈer Commission for reservoir on high water levels immediately downgradient of the Camels Hump Dam. The downgradient valley area consists of the creek channel and an adjacent meander scar to the west. The meander scar represents a former channel of the creek. Vüater stands in a bend in the channel 200 feet d.owngradient from the dam dissipaÈor structure. At the time of a photograph taken in July of 1985 \¡üater was backed up in the channel to the dissipator structure. The meander scar and the low lying ground withín the arc of the meander scar has a land surface level six to seven feet higher than the water level in the channel. The meander scar is topographically lower than the surrounding area except for an outlet to the water filled bend in the creek channel. The meander scar is in a low area presumably once occupied by an oxbow lake. The trees lining the meander scar indicate a historic high water table. A possible dam seepage influence on the meander scar area is indicated by the lithologies encountered duríng tesÈ hole drilling with the dam associated construction and later observaÈion well installation. encountered across the valley were generally silt-clay Sediments mixtures' with
a ten foot thick lignite bed located between 20 and 30 feet below the base of va11ey. Test holes drilled as part of the dam axis soils investigation penetrated primarily fine sand. in the interval above the lignite in a 100 foot wide interval ( or - 50 feet). becl The test holes penetrating sand were located in the \¡testern half of the valley, upvalley from the meander scar. A group of four observation wells, Iocated between the meander scar and the dam spillway also penetrated fine sand through the interval above the lignite bed. Together the drilled holes indicate a northwest-southeast trending zone of sandy sediment going from the western side of the dam towards Èhe channel between the dissipator structure and the water filIed channel. The fine sand may represent alluvial fill along a former channel of the river which downcut to or through the lignite bed; however, almost no granular material coarser than fíne sand was reported in the sieve tests run on the sandy sediments' vühatever the origin of the sandy secÈion, its presence could provide a conduit for water seepage from the reservoir or from the lignite bed underlying the area. The head of the reservoir is about 30 feet above the meander Scar base. A near surface water level occurs in wells located downgradient of the dam and completed in the sand at a depth of 9 to 12 feet. The pressure head in the lignite bed underlying the meander scar near land surface when observation wells were completed in the lignite bed in L97L. The lignite seam probably acts as a drain for rúas the surrounding area, discharging in springs vlhere valleys cut through
the bed. The water level in the one remaining observation wel1, located on the highway right-of-way just west of the valley and screened in Èhe lignite bed, was I.3 feet higher on september 25' 1985 than on the previous measurement' ¡{arch 20t L973. If the pressure head in the lignite bed can be used as a general indicator for the area, water levels are up slightly over the period L2 lo 14 years ago. The meander scar' located along an earlier path of the creek, probably has historically arc of trees. had a high water table as evidenced by the The high water Èable could be naturally fed by water d,ischarging from the lignite seam through overlying sandy sediments. Alternatively, or additionally, the high \'vater table could be caused by water seeping from the reservoir through the sandy sediment underlying a portion of the dam. It is difficult to say how much of the high water table in the meander scar area is attributable to the instaltation of the dam. Natural conditions are such that a high \ùater table may be expected in the area. Conditions are also such that seeping through the dam could add to the high water table. The meander scar area naturally d.rains to the creek channel and is therefore influenced by Èhe amount of water in the creek channel. possible remedial measures could include improving the inÈerconnection betvreen the meander scar and the creek channel or draining Èhe low area filling the bend in the creek channel. ,4- //zu ' Alan Vlanek, Hydrologist
NORTH DAKOTA STATE I,IATER COMMISSION OFFICE MEMO FROM: David A. Sprynczynatyk, Director, Division Ronald A. Swanson, Design Engineer åÞ:ä-'X'g SUBJECT: Camel Hump MÐfO TO: Str{C September DATE: Butte ProjecE Dam 1þL382 25, 1985 A drainage system may be needed that is saturating the soil for the to carry off the dor¿nstream proposed drainage system is of shor¡n Camel Hump excess ground r'rater Butte Dam. The plan in the attached Sketch No. I the profiles of the proposed drains are shown in Sketch No. The drains r¿ould be constructed and 2. of a corrugaÈed plastic pipe installed in a narrow trench r¿ith a granular filter material enclosing the pipe. The two drains (A and B) would be located as shonrn in Sketch No. 1. Drain A rsould consist of 360 LF of non-perforated 6-inch Ø CW, LF of perforated 6-inch CPP and would have seven 4OO laterals of perforated 4- inch Ø CPP, each 50 feet long. Drain B would consist of 300 LF of perforated 6-inch Ø Cpp. The drainage piping would be layed with the to Èopographical contours keep the amount out to conform as much as possible of the existing ground condirion in of diÈch excavation to a minimr:m, while at the order same time, placíng the pipe at the proper gradient to ensure proper drainage. After installation of the pipe in its surrounding envelope filter material in the bottom of the trench, which would of granular be wrapped with filter fabric, Èhe balance of the trench would be backfilled with excavated fill material. Any excess spoil would be disposed of in a designated area.
The cost estimate for the work required is as folLows: l. MobíIization LS 2,000.00 2. Site Preparation & Restoration LS 1,000.00 3. 6-inch fl non-perforated GPP 360 LF @ 3.00 t . 6-inch Ø perforated CPP 700 LF G 3.00 5. 4-inch Ø perforated CPP 6. Granular 7. Filter Fab¡ic 350 LF @ 92.00 Filter Material 25 Ç:Y @ f 2.00 LS Subtotal Plus 302 Engineering, Administration and Contingencies TOTAI 1,080.00 2,100.00 700.00 300.00 500.00 7,680.00 2.320.00 rllro0o.o.q
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INTRODUCTION SECTIO¡{ I Camel Hutn¡r Butte Dan is located in the SWå of the Nll%. of Section 1.6, Township .r40 North, Range 104 west, in Golden valley cor¡rty, North Dakota. trt is approxinrately Lt lniLes northeast of the city of Sentinel" Butte' It. lies on an tmnamed, inter,rnittent. tributary of Andrews Creek, which flows ints the Littl.e Missouri River Basin.
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