V SON REEF TYPES - Living Oceans Foundation
Version 2 REEF TYPES This lesson is a part of the Reef Types unit, which explains bathymetric features of the ocean floor and how this relates to coral reefs. Below is a summary of what is included in the entire unit. UNIT CONTENTS A. Background Information STANDARDS CCSS: RST.9-10.1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 10; RST.11-12.1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 9, 10; W.9-10.1, 2, 4; W.11-12.1, 2, 4; SL.9-10.1, 3, 4, 6; SL.11-12.1, 3, 4, 6 NGSS: ESS 2.A, ESS 2.C, ESS 2.E, HS-ESS2-1, HSESS2-7 OLP: 1.A.4, 5.B.1 Online Contents Reef Types Quiz Reef Types Bathymetric Features of the Oceans’ Floor Coral Reef Geomorphology Introduction Types of Coral Reef Geomorphology B. Lessons Where Can Corals Grow? An activity to make a bathymetry model and analyze it for potential coral growth Reef Typing An activity to classify reef types (barrier, fringing, atoll) Read it! Lagoon Reefs A worksheet to accompany the Lagoon Reefs of Fakarava field blog 2014 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Lesson 2 Author Melinda Campbell, Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation LEARNING OBJECTIVES Differentiate the three main types of reefs and other classifications of reefs. Recognize that corals may not fit perfectly into a single classification. KEYWORDS Atoll Barrier Reef Coral Reef Geomorphology Fringing Reef Lagoon Patch Reef MATERIALS Lesson 2: Reef Typing student worksheet Appendix A: Reef Pictures (one set per group) Notebook paper INTEGRATING SUBJECTS Writing Public Speaking STANDARDS 24 teacher’s Notes PROCEDURE 1. In order to reuse the activity, laminate the reef pictures found in Appendix A: Reef Pictures. 2. Teach Background Information section B) Coral Reef Geomorphology. 3. On the board or another place that will be visible throughout the class, have students brainstorm differences between the different reef classifications (fringing reef, barrier reef, atoll, and patch reef). 4. Hand out Lesson 2: Reef Typing student worksheet. 5. Assign groups of 2-3 students and give each group a copy of Appendix A: Reef Pictures. 6. Explain to students that in science, you have to have evidence to back up your claim. Sometimes scientists see the same data and make different conclusions. Their explanation is what is important and it must include evidence of what they are trying to claim. 7. Give the students time to classify each picture. 8. Have students orally explain how they classified a picture. Try to call on every student. If you want to incorporate purposeful movement, have the students walk to an area of the room to vote for a classification. Ask students in each area why they chose that classification. Allow students a chance to change their vote after hearing from others. 9. Have students answer questions on the student worksheet. CCSS: RST.9-10.4, 5, 7; RST.11-12.8; W.9-10.1, 2, 4; W.11-12.1, 2, 4; SL.9-10.1, 3, 6; SL.11-12.1, 3, 6 NGSS: ESS 2.E, HS-ESS2-7 OLP: 5.B.1 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org
Name: Date: Lesson 2 Unit 10: Reef Types - Student Worksheet Reef typing INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Look through the pictures of different coral reefs of the Society Islands in French Polynesia. 2. Take notes on the characteristics of each one. 3. Decide how you would classify the reef. The choices are: fringing reef, barrier reef, atoll, and patch reef. Some pictures may have more than one type of reef. Some may fall in between different types. 4. If you think a picture has more than one reef classification on it, do a quick sketch of the picture in the notes box and label the specific areas with letters (A., B., etc.) 5. On your own paper, write a short paragraph for each picture which includes which reef classification(s) you see. Be sure to back up your answer with an explanation of why you think this using what you have learned today. 6. Answer the questions. Photo #1 Reef Type(s): Photo #2 Reef Type(s): Photo #3 Reef Type(s): Photo #4 Reef Type(s): 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org 25
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Student Worksheet 26 Photo #5 Reef Type(s): Photo #6 Reef Type(s): Photo #7 Reef Type(s): Photo #8 Reef Type(s): 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Student Worksheet INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the following questions. 1. Were some pictures easy to classify? Why do you think this? 2. What characteristics did you use to classify the three main types of reefs (barrier, fringing, and atoll)? 3. Did everyone else have the same classifications as you did? Give an example. 4. After hearing from other students, did you want to change your classification? Why or why not? 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org 27
Unit 10: Reef Types - Answer Key Lesson 2 Reef typing INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Look through the pictures of different coral reefs of the Society Islands in French Polynesia. 2. Take notes on the characteristics of each one. 3. Decide how you would classify the reef. The choices are: fringing reef, barrier reef, atoll, and patch reef. Some pictures may have more than one type of reef. Some may fall in between different types. 4. If you think a picture has more than one reef classification on it, do a quick sketch of the picture in the notes box and label the specific areas with letters (A., B., etc.) 5. On your own paper, write a short paragraph for each picture which includes which reef classification(s) you see. Be sure to back up your answer with an explanation of why you think this using what you have learned today. 6. Answer the questions. Answers may vary. Photo #1 Atoll Reef Type(s): Photo #2 Barrier reef Reef Type(s): This is an atoll because it is round in shape, enclosing a lagoon where a volcano once was. This seems to be a barrier reef because there is a lagoon between the reef and the land. Photo #3 Fringing and patch reefs Reef Type(s): Photo #4 Barrier reef Reef Type(s): I think this might be a barrier reef. It does not seem circular, like an atoll. There is no land near it, so it is not a fringing reef. In the foreground are some patch reefs. 28 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Answer Key Photo #5 Patch, fringing, and barrier reefs Reef Type(s): Photo #6 Fringing reef Reef Type(s): There are many types of reefs here. Front and center is a large patch reef. To the left of that is a fringing reef. Behind the island, there seems to be a small segment of barrier reef, where a lagoon has formed. It looks like there is a fringing reef taking up the bottom third of this photo. However, maybe it is shoreline and this picture actually shows a barrier reef, as there is definitely a lagoon in the middle of the photo, with reef in the backdrop. Photo #7 Patch and barrier reef Reef Type(s): Photo #8 Atoll Reef Type(s): In the foreground is a small patch reef. In the background is a thin barrier reef, with the lagoon taking up most of the photo. The circular shape of this reef makes me believe it is an atoll. It looks like there are small patch reefs in the lagoon. 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org 29
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Answer Key INSTRUCTIONS: Answer the following questions. 1. Were some pictures easy to classify? Why do you think this? Answers may vary. 2. What characteristics did you use to classify the three main types of reefs (barrier, fringing, and atoll)? Barrier can be classified by there being a lagoon between land and the reef. Fringing reefs are right up against the land, without a lagoon. Atolls are approximately round in shape, since they form around a volcano. 3. Did everyone else have the same classifications as you did? Give an example. Answers may vary. 4. After hearing from other students, did you want to change your classification? Why or why not? Answers may vary. 30 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Appendix A PHOTO #1 PHOTO #2 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org 31
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Appendix A PHOTO #3 PHOTO #4 32 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Appendix A PHOTO #5 PHOTO #6 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org 33
Unit 10: Reef Types - Reef Typing Appendix A PHOTO #7 PHOTO #8 34 2015 Khaled bin Sultan Living Oceans Foundation www.livingoceansfoundation.org
3. On the board or another place that will be visible throughout the class, have students brainstorm differences between the different reef classifications (fringing reef, barrier reef, atoll, and patch reef). 4. Hand out Lesson 2: Reef Typing student worksheet. 5. Assign groups of 2-3 students and give each group a copy of Appendix A: Reef .
Reef Life Survey Assessment of Coral Reef Biodiversity in the Northst Marine Parks Network-we. Citation . Edgar GJ, Mellin C, Turak E, Stuart-Smith RD, Cooper AT, Ceccarelli DM (2020) Reef Life Survey Assessment of Coral Reef Biodiversity in the North-west Marine Parks Network . Reef Life Survey Foundation
limestone, shale, and sandstone units. The Capitan Reef Complex geologic model of fore-reef, reef, and back-reef facies was described in detail by King (1948) and is illustrated in Figure 3, by Melim and Scholle (1999). The Capitan Reef Complex is exposed in outcrops in the Guadalupe Mountains (Eddy County,
Investing in the Great Barrier Reef The Great Barrier Reef is the world's best managed reef. Only the Coalition Government will keep it that way. We understand not only the importance of protecting the Reef, but of ensuring the Reef economy stays strong and resilient for generations to come.
c. Wave-driven flow thru reef & lagoon i. Waves break on fore reef, create pressure gradient over reef flat & lagoon, drive current that exits lagoon thru gaps in reef (Hearn 1999) ii. Flow over reef, thru lagoon shapes community distribution & production by controlling nutrient supply & turbulence 14
The Great Barrier Reef - a natural wonder at risk Over 2300km long and covering some 344,400km2, the Great Barrier Reef (the Reef) is the largest living reef structure on Earth1. It is home to more than 12,000 macroscopic marine species and is one of the most biodiverse places in the world2. In 2015/16, the Reef contributed more
Reef Life Survey Assessment of Coral Reef Biodiversity in the Coral Sea v Executive summary Australias oral Sea borders the Great arrier Reef, Papua New Guinea, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia and the Tasman Front. Globally, the Coral Sea is considered to be among the last remaining pristine seas with relatively low human impact.
4 ICRI Report 2019 Live Reef Food Fish Trade Y Sadovy ICRI Report 2019 Live Reef Food Fish Trade Y Sadovy 5 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The international live reef food fish trade (LRFFT) started . reef fish is small by global fishery standards, estimated to be in the order of 20,000-30,000 metric tonnes (t), . Australia and the Maldives and a few .
Overall plan delivery to date: 56% (against target 90%) Since the last sitting of the Committee two reports have been finalised and four reviews are awaiting final management sign off. Follow Up reports that have been finalised since the last Committee sitting are reported in Appendix 4. All ‘limited’ assurance reviews go before CMT for full consideration. 3.6 2020/21 AUDITS ONGOING AS AT .
