Level 3 Anatomy And Physiology For Exercise Assessment .

Personal TrainingLevel 3Anatomy and Physiology for ExerciseAssessment WorkbookIMPORTANT: YOU MUST COMPLETE THE FOLLOWING DETAILS BEFORE RETURNING THIS WORKBOOK TO LIFETIMEName of learner:I confirm this is all my own work.Email address:Signature:Date:

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOKContentsAn introduction to yourPractical Assessment Paperworkpage 3Section 2Circulatory Systempage 4Section 3The Musculoskeletal Systempage 10Section 4Postural and Core Stabilitypage 23Section 5The Nervous Systempage 29Section 6The Endocrine Systempage 34Section 7Energy Systemspage 37Section 9Appendixpage 42Section 12

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISESection 1An introduction to yourAssessment PaperworkThis assessment workbook assesses the following unit:Level 3 Anatomy and Physiology for ExerciseWhat to do with this paperwork?You must answer ALL of the questions in full. If a question asks you to describe or explain something then detailwill be required, if you are asked to list or summarise a briefer answer will do.YOU MUST ACHIEVE 100% ON ALL QUESTIONS TO PASSWhat do I do when I have completed this workbook?Once you have completed the workbook please refer to your Welcome Pack for details on how to submit it. Ifyou are doing an apprenticeship your Regional Trainer will explain to you what you need to do next.What happens if I refer?If you answer any of the questions incorrectly you will receive feedback from your assessor. You will need tore-attempt these questions and submit them again for marking. You can re-attempt the questions as manytimes as you require.CertificationYou will receive your certificates for your qualification once all of your assessments have been completed, passedand checked by our Internal Quality Assurers. After checking it is possible that our Internal Quality Assurers maycome back and request that you submit more evidence towards an assessment before you can be certificated.Complaints and appealsIf you are doing an apprenticeship please refer to your Induction Workbook. If not you will find this informationin your Welcome Pack.Support with your assessmentThere are a number of options available should you need to ask questions regarding your assessment. If youare doing an apprenticeship your Regional Trainer can help you. If attending a course your tutor will be happyto assist. After the course our Learner Services team can help with general questions but if you have a specificquery about any of the more technical aspects they will refer you to one of our tutor team. If preparing for yourassessment please contact us with as much notice as possible to ensure we can help with your query. LearnerServices can be contacted at:Email: learnerservices@lifetimetraining.co.ukPhone: 0117 314 28043

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOKSection 2The Circulatory System1. Fill in the labels below to identify the location of the valves in the heart:AC 1.12. Explain the function of each of these valves in the heart:AC 1.14

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE3. Describe what is meant by the term coronary circulation:AC 1.2Section 24. Why does the heart require a constant supply of blood?AC 1.25. Explain the effect that atherosclerosis has on the structure of arteries:AC 1.36. How do the structural changes you have identified above affect the functioning of blood vessels?AC 1.35

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK7a. Complete the table below to show the short-term and long-term effects of exercisein healthy adults for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure:Blood pressureSystolic pressureShort-term effectsAC 1.4Long-term effectsDiastolic pressure7b. Explain why the short-term changes in systolic pressure that you have identified occur:AC 1.47c. Explain in more detail the long-term changes to blood pressure that you have identified:AC 1.46

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE8. What are the ACSM guidelines for the following categories of blood pressure:8a. NormalSection 2AC 1.68b. HypertensionAC 1.68c. Identify two health risks associated with high blood pressure:AC 1.67

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK9a. Explain what is meant by the valsalva effect?AC 1.49b. When might your clients be most at risk of the valsalva effect?AC 1.49c. Explain two implications of this:AC 1.48

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE10. Explain three cardiovascular benefits and three risks of endurance training or aerobic exercise:a. Benefits:Section 2AC 1.5b. Risks:AC 1.59

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOKSection 3The Musculoskeletal System11. Explain in more the detail the following structures that together make up individualmuscle fibres:a. Nucleus:AC 2.1b. Mitochondria:AC 2.1c. Myofibrils:AC 2.1d. Cell walls:AC 2.110

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE12a. Define the sliding filament theory:AC 2.2/2.112b. What is the role of sarcoplasmic reticulum in the sliding filament theory, and what isthe purpose of this role?13. Describe how myofilaments work together to bring about muscle contraction:AC 2.1/2.214. What type of muscle fibres would respond best to endurance training?AC 2.311Section 3AC 2.1/2.2

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK15. Describe three effects that endurance training has on muscle fibres and explain why this increasesaerobic capacity:AC 2.316. What effect do the following types of training have on the size of muscle fibres?a. Endurance:AC 2.3b. Hypertrophy:AC 2.3c. Strength:AC 2.317. What type of muscle fibres would respond best to strength training and explain why?AC 2.312

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISEAC 2.5Section 318a. Fill in the labels below to identify the muscles in the anterior of the body:13

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK18b. Fill in the labels below to identify the muscles in the posterior of the body:14AC 2.5

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE19. Explain how muscle attachments bring about movement:AC 2.420. Identify the muscle, origin and insertion, and joint actions possible in eachof the following diagrams.a.AC 2.4 Muscle: Origin: Insertion:b.Section 3 Joint actions: Muscle: Origin: Insertion: Joint actions:15

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOKc. Muscle: Origin: Insertion: Joint actions:d. Muscle: Origin: Insertion: Joint actions:e. Muscle: Origin: Insertion: Joint actions:f. Muscle: Origin: Insertion: Joint actions:16

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISEg. Muscle: Origin: Insertion: Joint actions:h. Muscle: Origin: Insertion:i.Section 3 Joint actions: Muscle: Origin: Insertion: Joint actions:17

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK21. Complete the table below to identify which muscles cross the following joints:Shoulder jointAC 2.4Knee joint22. Identify two exercises that occur in each of the following planes and explain what joint actionsare taking place:a. Sagittal:AC 2.6/2.7b. Frontal:AC 2.6/2.718

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISEc. Transverse:Section 3AC 2.6/2.719

20ShoulderpressLeg curlTriceppushdownExerciseJoints involvedJoint action(concentric)23. Complete the table to provide an analysis of the exercises:Joint action(eccentric)Agonist and synergists Antagonist(if any)AC 2.8/2.9PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE24. Complete the table to describe the characteristics of the joints:Injury riskRange of movementAC 2.8/2.9Joint actions possibleShoulderKnee25. Label the diagram below to show the structures within the pelvic girdleAC 2.1021Section 3Cervicalvertebrae

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK26. Describe the role of the following ligaments at the pelvic girdle:a. Inguinal and sacroiliac ligaments:AC 2.10b. Sacrotuberus:AC 2.1027. Identify the muscles that act across the sacroiliac joint and describe the role they havein ‘force closure’:AC 2.1022

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISESection 4Postural and Core Stability28a. Describe the structure of the two longitudinal ligaments of the spine?AC 3.128b. What is their function?AC 3.129a. What three ligaments join adjacent vertebrae to one another?Section 4AC 3.129b. What is their function?AC 3.123

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK30a. Which muscles make up the inner unit?AC 3.130b. Describe the role of the inner unit:AC 3.131. Describe the changes in the inner and outer unit muscles when the core is not functioningeffectively to stabilise the spine:AC 3.232. Explain the effects of high levels of abdominal fat on posture and movement efficiency:AC 3.3/3.424

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE33. Identify the postural deviations below and explain one potential problem associatedwith each:a.AC 3.3/3.4Postural deviation:Postural problem:b.Postural deviation:Postural problem:AC 3.525Section 434. What core conditioning exercises would you include in the programme of a client who was new toexercise? Explain why?

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK35. What are the implications of the following?a. A client with high blood pressure performing the plank:AC 3.5b. A client with osteoporosis performing sit ups:AC 3.536. How can you ensure that clients do not perform inappropriate core conditioning?AC 3.526

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE37. Complete the table below to explain the following for each type of stretch given:AC 3.6 What it involves? When you would use it and why? What are the associated risks?Type ofstretchWhat does it involve?When and why wouldyou use it?What are the risks?Static(active andpassive)*DynamicPNF*describe active and passive separately38a. What sensory receptor is used in the stretch reflex?Section 4AC 4.638b. Explain its role:AC 4.627

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOK39a. Explain what is meant by reciprocal inhibition?AC 4.739b. Explain when you would make use of this reflex with your clients:AC 4.728

LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISESection 5The Nervous System40. Describe the difference between the roles of the central nervous system and the peripheralnervous system:AC 4.141. Complete the table below to identify the two functional divisions of the peripheralnervous system and their roles:Division of peripheralnervous systemAC 4.1Role42. Describe the role of the following in the nervous system:a. Efferent nerves:AC 4.2/4/3/4.629

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOKb. Proprioceptors:AC 4.2/4/3/4.6c. Afferent nerves:AC 4.2/4/3/4.6d. Baroreceptors :AC 4.2/4/3/4.643. Label the structures of a neuron:30AC 4.2/4.3

44. Describe the role each of the following structures have in transmitting a nervous impulse:a. Dendrites:AC 4.2/4.3b. Axon:AC 4.2/4.3c. Myelin sheath:AC 4.2/4.3d. Axon terminals:AC 4.2/4.331Section 5LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOKe. Neurotransmitters:AC 4.3/4.245. Explain the role of a motor unit:AC 4.446. In your own words, explain the following principles:a. The size principle:AC 4.5b. The all or none principle:AC 4.532

47. Explain how the number of muscle fibres innervated by a motor neuron impacts on the type ofmovement created:AC 4.548. Explain what adaptations have taken place to bring about the following benefits:a. Improvement in balance and coordination:AC 4.8/4.9b. Improvements in strength, particularly the initial gains seen with resistance training:AC 4.8/4.9c. Improvements in power:AC 4.8/4.933Section 5LEVEL 3 ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY FOR EXERCISE

PERSONAL TRAINER ANATOMY & PHYSIOLOGY WORKBOOKSection 6The Endocrine System49. Describe how the function of the endocrine system differs from that of the nervous system:AC 5.150. Identify three processes that are controlled by the endocrine system:AC 5.151. Identify the major gland or organ found in each of the following locations:a. The lower abdomen/pelvic area:AC 5.2b. In front of the trachea:AC 5.234